Quiz 8 Nutrients Essential to Fluid and Electrolyte Balance (Chapter 7)
What is the water AI (Adequate Intake) for a 40 year old man?
3.7 liters per day
Body fluid is the liquid portion of our cells and tissues. What percentage of our body weight is fluid?
50-70%
Depending on the environmental temperature, one could survive how long without water?
A few days
An electrical signal stimulates changes in the muscle cell membrane that lead to an increased flow of this mineral and triggers muscle contractions.
Calcium
This mineral works with sodium to maintain extracellular fluid balance.
Chloride
This is a serious condition that develops when fluid losses exceed fluid intake.
Dehydration
Osmosis is the movement of water towards solutes. This movement will continue until the concentration of solutes is what?
Equal solute on both sides of the cell membrane
This is the name for water outside of cells and makes up 1/3 of body fluid.
Extracellular
This condition occurs when blood potassium levels are high.
Hyperkalemia
This is the command center for fluid intake and is a cluster of nerve cells.
Hypothalamus
This stimulates the thirst mechanism.
Increased concentration of solutes in the blood
This organ removes excess sodium from the body and helps with blood pressure regulation.
Kidney
This mineral is found in both plants and animals and has a role in creating energy for cells.
Phosphorous
This mineral is the major intracellular negatively charged electrolyte. About 85% is stored in our bones.
Phosphorous
Hyponatremia is associated with decreased blood levels of this mineral.
Sodium
To regulate fluid balance, this positively charged ion is exchanged across cell membranes with potassium.
Sodium
This is the primary source of dietary chloride.
Table salt
Which of the following statements concerning electrolytes and the regulation of fluid balance is true?
Water flows toward a higher concentration of electrolytes
Metabolic loss
Water formed as a byproduct of the breakdown of carbohydrates, proteins and fats
Insensitive water loss
Water loss through continuous evaporation from skin and lungs
Sensible water loss
Water loss through urine output and sweating
Body fluid levels vary according to gender and age. Water comprises a larger percentage of total body weight in an 80 year old than in a 1 year old.
false