quizes 8-14 syg 1000

The anti-drug campaign in the 1980's encouraged students to "just say no" to put an end to drug use and drug violence. Which type of framing did this campaign use? A.)Referential B.)Diagnostic C.)Prognostic D.)Motivational

.)Motivational

Keshawn used to work for an IT company in Baltimore, but lost his job when his company decided to use workers in New Delhi instead. This is an example of: A.)Polarization B.)Outsourcing C.)Automation D.)The technology gap

.)Outsourcing

lease match the type of authority with its definition: Traditional: Power legitimized on the basis of long-standing customs Charismatic: Power legitimized on the basis of a leader's exceptional personal qualities Rational-Legal: Power that is legitimized by rules, regulations, and laws

1.)Power legitimized on the basis of long-standing customs 2.)Power legitimized on the basis of a leader's exceptional personal qualities 3.)Power that is legitimized by rules, regulations, and laws

Please match the term with its definition: Conventional Crowd: people who come together for a regularly scheduled event Acting Crowd: crowds of people who are focused on a specific action or goal Casual Crowd: people who share close proximity without really interacting Expressive Crowd: crowds who share opportunities to express emotions

1.)people who come together for a regularly scheduled event 2.)crowds of people who are focused on a specific action or goal 3.)people who share close proximity without really interacting 4.)crowds who share opportunities to express emotions

When Jeanette's parents find out her twin brother, Rex, has been sexually active, they tell him to use protection. When they found out Jeanette has been sexually active, they ground her for a month. This is an example of: A.)A double standard B.)A misunderstanding C.)Gender identity D.)Homophobia

A.)A double standard

Please define representative democracy: A.)A government wherein citizens elect officials to represent their interests. B.)A form of government in which a small percentage of the population is represented by popular election, and the rest of the population is represented by those whose office is dependent upon noble birth. C.)A government of a nation that recognizes monarchs but requires these figures to abide by the laws of a greater constitution. D.)A form of government in which power is held by a small, elite group.

A.)A government wherein citizens elect officials to represent their interests.

Why do we have two words for a big city: metropolisand megalopolis? A.)A metropolis is just one city while a megalopolis includes many different cities. B.)A metropolis is characterized by the presence of a subway, while a megalopolis is characterized by a public bus system. C.)A metropolis only has domestic airports while a megalopolis has international airports. D.)A metropolis has less than 2 million people, while a megalopolis has more than 5 million people.

A.)A metropolis is just one city while a megalopolis includes many different cities.

Which of the following best defines a social movement? A.)A purposeful organized group hoping to work toward a common social goal. B.)A collection of rights and laws aimed at the silent majority. C.)A group of people organized at a meeting, such as a town hall or a courtroom. D.)All politicians and elected officials.

A.)A purposeful organized group hoping to work toward a common social goal.

Which of the following best defines the termpatrimonialism? A.)A type of authority wherein military and administrative factions enforce the power of the master. B.)A ruling class that is dependent upon the blood line from the father's side of the family. C.)A military technique which includes the spread of the conquering country's religion. D.)Power that people accept because it comes from a source that is perceived as legitimate.

A.)A type of authority wherein military and administrative factions enforce the power of the master.

Which of the following is not an example of underemployment? A.)After his wife gave birth to twins, Jerry quit his job to help raise them. B.)Following the recession, Ellen lost her fulltime job as a PR assistant and found part-time work as a cosmetic sales associate. C.)After college graduation, Marcus could only find work part-time as a bartender. D.)When John's sales job is outsourced he's forced to take work as a janitor to pay off his student loans.

A.)After his wife gave birth to twins, Jerry quit his job to help raise them.

Chip believes that individuals in crowds behave rationally, and thinks crowds are engaging in purposeful behavior and collective action. What sociological perspective is Chip referring to? A.)Assembling B.)Immersed socialization C.)Value added D.)Emergent norm

A.)Assembling

Hitler was an example of what kind of authority? A.)Charismatic B.)Traditional C.)Rational-Legal D.)None of these

A.)Charismatic

According to Neil Smelser, several conditions must be in place for _________________ to occur? A.)Collective Behavior B.)Social revolt C.)Singular protest D.)Effective interpretation

A.)Collective Behavior

PETA (People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals) is an animal rights group that has over 2 million members across the country and spends millions of dollars on advertising (print, broadcast and social media) in order to spread social awareness about their cause each year. Which theory attempts to explain PETA's success? A.)Resource mobilization theory B.)New social movement theory C.)Collective behavior theory D.)Frame alignment process

A.)Resource mobilization theory

Jenny is given a doll for 2nd birthday, while her brother, Tyrone, is given a fire truck. This is an example of gender: A.)Socialization B.)Stratification C.)Bending D.)Indifference

A.)Socialization

Which of the following is the best definition of social change? A.)The change in society created through social movements as well as external factors like environmental shifts or technological innovations. B.)An act of a bill passing in the House and the Senate. C.)An act of military rebellion. D.)A group of people gathered to protest or rally in favor of a bill or law.

A.)The change in society created through social movements as well as external factors like environmental shifts or technological innovations.

The term doing gender can be defined as: A.)When people perform tasks based upon the gender assigned to them by society and, in turn, themselves. B.)The refusal to participate in any tasks with gender-specific requirements. C.)The prejudiced belief that one sex should be valued over another. D.)Dating a member of the same sex to make a political statement.

A.)When people perform tasks based upon the gender assigned to them by society and, in turn, themselves.

Which of the following is an example of a convergence cluster? A.)A boat of people screaming after Jaws is spotted beside their boat B.)A group of friends traveling to New York City for the weekend C.)A crowd singing the National Anthem before an Orioles game D.)A crowd watching a performance of Hairspray

B.)A group of friends traveling to New York City for the weekend

What is the Kinsey Scale? A.)A religious test which classifies a person's ability to live as a heterosexual. B.)A six-point rating system that ranges from exclusively heterosexual to exclusively homosexual orientation. C.)An instructional manual explaining acceptable homosexual, heterosexual, and bisexual behavior. D.)An in-depth guide to measure whether a loved one is homosexual or heterosexual

B.)A six-point rating system that ranges from exclusively heterosexual to exclusively homosexual orientation.

Davis is low on cash, but really wants an electric guitar. He offers to trade his acoustic guitar, for his friend Bill's electric guitar. Davis is engaging in: A.)Mercantilism B.)Bartering C.)Capitalism D.)Supply and Demand

B.)Bartering

Why has e-waste become an issue, especially in the 21st century? A.)E-waste is a natural by-product of an industrialized nation and cannot be helped. People must resign themselves to its presence and find better ways of purifying water, soil, and air. B.)E-waste not only contains harmful chemicals, but electronics become obsolete every six months or so, which means, every six months people are throwing away perfectly good electronics in order to get the newest one. This has led to an enormous increase in the amount of trash people produce. C.)E-waste is a sign of degrading cultural values. People no longer value creating lasting products or getting products fixed; they would much rather just buy a new one and discard the old one. D.)E-waste is not easily recyclable because often in the same machine there is glass, plastic, and metal. Also e-waste tends to consist of big, heavy machinery that is difficult to dispose of properly.

B.)E-waste not only contains harmful chemicals, but electronics become obsolete every six months or so, which means, every six months people are throwing away perfectly good electronics in order to get the newest one. This has led to an enormous increase in the amount of trash people produce.

Climate change" is a less politicized phrase that has replaced: A.)Recycling B.)Global Warming C.)Pollution D.)Weather Prediction

B.)Global Warming

Apple computers ship their computer parts to India to be made, and station their tech support in India. This is an example of a: A.)Decisive export B.)Global assembly line C.)Xenophobia D.)Global commodity chain

B.)Global assembly line

What was the significance of the famous case Reynolds v. Sims? A.)It gave African Americans the right to vote. B.)It reaffirmed the concept that each person's vote should be counted equally. C.)It established the precedent that felons are not allowed to vote. D.)It gave women the right to vote.

B.)It reaffirmed the concept that each person's vote should be counted equally.

Tasha believes that gender is about the division of labor in the family. In the pre-industrial era, men were the hunter-gatherers and bread-winners, and women were keepers of the home. After World War II, changes in the family structure allowed women to become breadwinners also, altering the roles of the family. From what sociological perspective do Tasha's thoughts come? A.)Symbolic Interactionism B.)Structural Functionalism C.)Cyberfeminism D.)Conflict Theory

B.)Structural Functionalism

A sociologist is studying the dysfunctions caused by the sudden influx of underage asylum seekers. This sociologist is most likely a: A.)Conflict theorist B.)Structural functionalist C.)Feminist D.)Symbolic interactionist

B.)Structural functionalist

What is one reason unemployment statistics are unreliable? A.)Different states define unemployment in different ways. B.)The statistics include only those who are currently looking for work. C.)Those surveyed frequently lie about their employment status. D.)The government only surveys those who have been out of work for a year or more.

B.)The statistics include only those who are currently looking for work.

In 2013, the number of refugees, asylum-seekers, and internally displaced people worldwide exceeded ______ people for the first time since the end of World War II. A.)90 million B.)45 million C.)50 million D.)100 million

C.)50 million

Émile Durkheim described mechanical solidarity as: A.)A practice where jobs are contracted to an outside source, often in another country. B.)A form of socialism under which individuals and cooperative groups exchange products with one another on the basis of mutually satisfactory contracts. C.)A form of social cohesion that comes from sharing similar work, education, and religion, as might be found in simpler societies. D.)A form of social cohesion that arises out of the mutual interdependence created by the specialization of work.

C.)A form of social cohesion that comes from sharing similar work, education, and religion, as might be found in simpler societies.

The term sexuality is defined by the text as: A.)An individual's sense of being either masculine or feminine. B.)The repressed sexual inclinations of society as a whole. C.)A person's capacity for sexual feelings. D.)An individual's biological gender.

C.)A person's capacity for sexual feelings.

The term sexual orientation can be defined as: A.)A person's biological gender. B.)A phase which a person outgrows before entering heterosexuality C.)A person's emotional and sexual attraction to a particular sex. D.)A term that refers to individuals who identify with the behaviors and characteristics that are opposite of their biological sex.

C.)A person's emotional and sexual attraction to a particular sex.

The term sexual orientation can be defined as: A.)A person's biological gender. B.)A phase which a person outgrows before entering heterosexuality. C.)A person's emotional and sexual attraction to a particular sex. D.)A term that refers to individuals who identify with the behaviors and characteristics that are opposite of their biological sex.

C.)A person's emotional and sexual attraction to a particular sex.

The term xenophobia can best be defined as: A.)A hatred of corporate America and the lobbying push. B.)A pronounced fear of globalization destroying one's job. C.)An illogical fear and even hatred of foreigners and foreign goods. D.)A marketing campaign aimed at foreign countries selling American goods.

C.)An illogical fear and even hatred of foreigners and foreign goods.

Kendra believes the U.S. government to be corrupt, and thinks that there should be no governing force to control people's lives. Kendra believes in: A.)Democracy B.)Oligarchies C.)Anarchy D.)Constituional Monarchy

C.)Anarchy

Juan believes that battles such as the French Revolution are necessary for a country to preserve liberty, to maintain or gain land, and will ultimately lead to a more even distribution of wealth among a population. From which sociological perspective do Juan's thoughts come from? A.)Functionalism B.)Symbolic Interactionism C.)Conflict Theory D.)Feminist

C.)Conflict Theory

Which sociological perspective would consider activism such as Occupy Wall Street and Teacher's Union rallies undesirable, because they force political change? A.)Feminist B.)Conflict Theory C.)Functionalism D.)Symbolic Interactionism

C.)Functionalism

Assembling perspective falls under which sociological perspective? A.)Conflict theorist B.)Functionalist C.)Interactionist D.)Feminist

C.)Interactionist

What was the significance of NAFTA? A.)It restricted trade within North American countries by imposing a heavy tax and tariffs. B.)It encouraged trade with North Korea, which had previously been embargoed. C.)It allowed freer trade opportunities for the United States, Canada, and Mexico. D.)It forbade trade with any country that didn't use a capitalist government.

C.)It allowed freer trade opportunities for the United States, Canada, and Mexico.

What is the difference between an oligarchy and a monarchy? A.)Both are elected by a democratic process, but monarchies have the right to override the popular vote. B.)Members of a monarchy do not necessarily achieve their status based on ties to noble ancestry, while members of an oligarchy do. C.)Members of an oligarchy do not necessarily achieve their status based on ties to noble ancestry, while members of a monarchy do. D.)There is no difference - both members achieve status based on ties to noble ancestry.

C.)Members of an oligarchy do not necessarily achieve their status based on ties to noble ancestry, while members of a monarchy do.

What type of nations are the greatest sources of greenhouse gases? A.)Semi-peripheral B.)Peripheral C.)Postindustrial D.)Core

C.)Postindustrial

What is the difference between sex and gender? A.)ex is the extent to which one identifies as being either masculine or feminine, gender is biological characterization of anatomy. B.)Sex refers to sexual orientation, and gender refers to physical or physiological differences between males and females. C.)Sex refers to physical or physiological differences between males and females, while gender is the extent to which one identifies as being either masculine or feminine. D. Sex refers to who a person is sexually attracted to, and gender refers to whom a person chooses to partner with.

C.)Sex refers to physical or physiological differences between males and females, while gender is the extent to which one identifies as being either masculine or feminine.

What is the difference between sex and gender? A.)Sex is the extent to which one identifies as being either masculine or feminine, gender is biological characterization of anatomy. B.)Sex refers to sexual orientation, and gender refers to physical or physiological differences between males and females. C.)Sex refers to physical or physiological differences between males and females, while gender is the extent to which one identifies as being either masculine or feminine. D.)Sex refers to who a person is sexually attracted to, and gender refers to whom a person chooses to partner with.

C.)Sex refers to physical or physiological differences between males and females, while gender is the extent to which one identifies as being either masculine or feminine.

Over the past decades, the turnout of minority voters has: A.)Steadily Decreased B.)Remained Unchanged C.)Steadily Increased D.)Slowly Decreased

C.)Steadily Increased

Terrence and his family own a farm in a remote region of Chile. They farm only enough to produce enough food to feed the family, and pay their taxes. What are Terrence and his family engaging in? A.)Capitalism B.)Mercantilism C.)Subsistence Farming D.)Capitalistic Farming

C.)Subsistence Farming

In recent decades, lobbying has become a powerful force in the political world. Lobbyists frequently meet behind closed doors with senators, lawmakers, and congressmen and women to push influential legislation through the congressional process. Which sociological perspective would be most interested in examining the lobbying movement? A.)Feminist B.)Functionalism C.)Symbolic Interactionism D.)Exchange Theory

C.)Symbolic Interactionism

How did Max Weber define power? A.)The authority to imprison citizens without cause. B.)The legal resources to prosecute and punish. C.)The ability to exercise one's will over others D.)Politically elected influence used to control the masses.

C.)The ability to exercise one's will over others

Some people may think that once you've studied one city, you've studied them all. Which is an example of why these people may be misinformed? A.)London has a subway system and New York City does not. B.)Hong Kong does not have a McDonald's but Detroit does. C.)The banlieues, or suburbs, of Paris are the bad parts of town, almost inside-out compared to Baltimore. D.)The exurbs of Prague are actually in the middle of the city while the exurbs are on the outside of Los Angeles.

C.)The banlieues, or suburbs, of Paris are the bad parts of town, almost inside-out compared to Baltimore.

Which of the following is an example of polarization? A.)A professional career is guaranteed after earning a college degree. B.)The recession has encouraged many workers to earn their associate degrees. C.)The job market is increasing in the lowest economic levels, and is increasing in the highest economic levels. D.)Unemployment is down for those with PhDs and those without a high school education.

C.)The job market is increasing in the lowest economic levels, and is increasing in the highest economic levels.

Which of the following best defines the term globalization? A.)When products are assembled over the course of several international transactions. B.)Long periods of recession followed by sharp economic upturn worldwide. C.)The process of integrating governments, cultures, and financial markets through international trade into a single world market. D.)The process of removing manufacturing and industrial sites from foreign countries and returning them to the United States.

C.)The process of integrating governments, cultures, and financial markets through international trade into a single world market.

The term mercantilism can best be defined as: A.)An economic system in which there is government ownership (often referred to as "state run") of goods and their production, with an impetus to share work and wealth equally among the members of a society. B.)An economic system in which there is private ownership (as opposed to state ownership) and where there is an impetus to produce profit, and thereby wealth. C.)An economic policy based on trade. D.)An economic policy based on accumulating silver and gold by controlling colonial and foreign markets through taxes and other charges.

D.)An economic policy based on accumulating silver and gold by controlling colonial and foreign markets through taxes and other charges.

A sociologist is studying the ways social stratification influences members of a developed country and how they treat the lower-status migrants from less-developed countries. This sociologist is most likely a: A.)Feminist B.)Structural functionalist C.)Cornucopian theorist D.)Conflict theorist

D.)Conflict theorist

Melissa has been working to develop drought-resistance seeds that require little water to grow and which produce grain. She wants to send these to arid parts of the world, where conventional grain is not easy (or even impossible) to grow to improve nutrition for the people in those countries. In sociological terms, Melissa most likely ascribes to: A.)Malthusian theory B.)Demographic transition theory C.)Zero population growth theory D.)Cornucopian theory

D.)Cornucopian theory

Josh sits in his kitchen in the city projects trying to sip his coffee while inhaling the nauseating fumes wafting from the town dump that was relocated to within a mile of his home. He desperately wishes he could move, but he works two jobs just to make ends meet for his family. Josh lives in the poorer part of town; the part that is greatly overlooked by local government officials. What might a sociologist call this phenomenon? A.)Urbanization B.)Gentrification C.)White flight D.)Environmental racism

D.)Environmental racism

What is the first agent of socialization? A.)Friends B.)School C.)The law D.)Family

D.)Family

Tarah is attending a sold-out Counting Crows concert at Madison Square Garden, with thousands of other Counting Crows fans. Tarah is part of a: A.)Public B.)Casual crowd C.)Norm D.)Mass

D.)Mass

The National Organization for Marriage is a group which travels across the country, condemning homosexuality and advocating against new laws allowing gay marriage. What type of movement are they participating in? A.)Revolutionary B.)Alternative C.)Reform D.)Resistance

D.)Resistance

Peggy accepts a job offer as an advertising copywriter. Her boss immediately assigns her campaigns for products such as makeup and cleaning products. Peggy asks for different clients, but her boss tells her she should stick to what she and "her kind" know best. Peggy is experiencing: A.)Sexual orientation B.)Homophobia C.)Masochism D.)Sexism

D.)Sexism

Paris has been studying the demography of the United Kingdom. The U.K. is very similar to the United States or Sweden in that it is industrialized, has relatively long life expectancy, and infant mortality is low. Which stage in the Demographic Transition Theory would the U.K. fall into? A.)Stage 3 B.)Stage 2 C.)Stage 1 D.)Stage 4

D.)Stage 4

Biological determinism is: A.)The prejudiced belief that one sex should be valued over another. B.)An individual's sense of being either masculine or feminine. C.)An extreme or irrational aversion to homosexuals. D.)The belief that men and women behave differently due to differences in their biology.

D.)The belief that men and women behave differently due to differences in their biology.

Neil Smelser's theory of crowd behavior is referred to as ______ theory: A.)Immersed socialization B.)Assembling C.)Crowd intonation D.)Value added

D.)Value added

True or false: A person's sex, as determined by his or her biology, does not always correspond with his or her gender.

True