S. S. Chapter 8 Arrival in Canada
Define and/or explain and give an example of: Monopoly
A monopoly is complete control of the market for a certain good or service. In the end of the fifteenth century, Portugal had a monopoly on trade with Asia.
Define and/or explain and give an example of: Artifact
An artifact is something made by people. The artifacts left behind by the Vikings show us they were the first Europeans in North America.
The French explorer who discovered the St. Lawrence River was
Cartier
What did Columbus discover that excited so much interest back in Europe?
Columbus discovered a new continent to colonize, exploit its natural resources, and trade with.
Its primary purpose was to develop the fur trade in New France
Company of a Hundred Associates
The first governor of New France, he led French forces at the age of 70
Count Frontenac
France had its major territorial wars in North America with
England
the Italian explorer, John Cabot, was employed by the king of
England
Define and/or explain and give an example of: Filles Du Roi
Filles du roi translated to "the King's daughters." These women were recruited to come to New France. Often these women were orphans and had no family in France.
Which country sponsored Cartier's explorations?
France
Name the two military commanders involved in the battle on the Plains of Abraham.
General James Wolfe for the British and Marquis de Montcalm for the French.
Its plentiful cod attracted many Europeans who extablished fisheries
Grand Banks
What is imperialism?
Imperialism is the policy of extending control of a region or regions by one nation. Imperialism usually involves both economic and political control
The Native group most hostile to the Hurons was the
Iroquois
His voyages into the St. Lawrence failed to colonize Canada
Jacques Cartier
Claimed "New Found Land" for England in 1497
John Cabot
Occupied a strategic site and considered impregnable to attack
Louisbourg
Encouraged nations to expand their colonial possessions
Mercantilism
Explain why there was a sudden burst of American exploration in the 1400's?
Monarchs, beginning with the Portuguese and Spanish, wanted to explore "new worlds," gain riches and search for the Northwest Passage.
In what province is L'Anse-aux-Meadows?
Newfoundland
A coureur de bois who traveled into the Hudson Bay region
Pierre Radisson
A British victory resulted in Quebec's surrender
Plains of Abraham
Perhaps the most famous of the coureurs de bois were
Radisson and de Groseilliers
Define and/or explain and give an example of: Raw Materials
Raw materials are natural sources, such as trees or animals. Raw materials are used to make other items. For instance, a tree is used to make paper, furniture and lumber. Usually transforming raw materials into consumer goods increases what is charged for it.
Called the "Father of New France"; established post at Quebec in 1608
Samuel de Champlain
Define and/or explain and give an example of: Scurvy
Scurvy is a terrible, often fatal, disease caused by a lack of vitamin C. Early explorers often got this disease until people found out how to prevent it.
Which native group was an ally of the French?
The Hurons were allies of the French
What was the 'Northwest Passage' and why was it important?
The Northwest Passage was thought to be a sailing route through North America. If it existed, these Europeans thought it would have provided another sailing route to Asia.
Explain the causes of the Seven Years' War. How did it affect Acadia?
The Seven Years' War had its origins in North America. The growing colonies of New England resented the fact that by treaty, they were not allowed to cross the Allegheny Mountains and settle in the rich farm lands of the Ohio Valley. Fighting had already been occurring along the border even before war was declared. The people of Acadia were removed from their homes and sent away with only what they could carry.
the European group that first arrived in North America was
The Vikings
Mercantilism is an economic theory that states
a nation's prime objective is to accumulate wealth
The parties of men that Champlain sent out to explore and live with the Native peoples were
coureurs de bois
The Company of a Hundred Associates was required to
establish farming settlements
After Cartier's third voyage, the French
established a colony
The natural resource which first attracted Europeans to the east coast of North America was
fish
By the end of the sixteenth century, France had developed a trade with its colony in
furs
The most popular pelt in the early fur trade in New France was prized most when made into
hats
Champlain and the French wanted to
have a monopoly in the fur trade
Jean Talon wanted New France to become
more self-sufficient
Wht did the British do to the Acadians' houses?
occupied them
What could the Acadians take with them?
only what they could carry
For the French, the purpose of a colony was to
provide land for settlement
When wintering at Stadacona, French sailors died of
scurvy
Which of the following was the system of land tenure in New France?
seigneurial
The government official in New France who improved the base for economic activities was
the Intendant
In the 15th century, European explorers were first attracted to North America because they were looking for
the Northwest Passage
The British won control of New France in the Battle of
the Plains of Abraham
The pelts of which of the following fur-bearing mammals wer the "rage" in Europe when Champlain was trying to raise money for trading ventures?
the beaver
Colonies could trade only with
their home country
