SAMMY'S MGT 349 PRETEST REVIEW

CH 10: Compare and contrast bounded rationality, rationality, and garbage can models of decision making.

Bounded rationality is the idea that rationality is limited, when individuals make decisions, by the tractability of the decision problem, the cognitive limitations of the mind, and the time available to make the decision. Rationality is the quality or state of being rational - that is, being based on or agreeable to reason. Rationality implies the conformity of one's beliefs with one's reasons to believe, and of one's actions with one's reasons for action. the garbage can model is an irrational model of decision-making, which assumes that problems, solutions and participants are disconnected and exist as separate organizational streams.

CH7: The adverse psychological, physical, behavioral, or organizational consequences that may occur as a result of stressful events is known as a. Distress b. The stressor c. The strain response d. Anxiety disorder

a. Distress

CH7: The person-environment approach to stress emphasizes the a. Fit between external and internal role expectations b. Belief that effort will lead to performance c. Notion that perception and cognitive evaluations of situations differ and accordingly stress is mostly determined by perception d. Idea that fit between a person's self-image or concept and their ideal generates large stress when there is lack of fit

a. Fit between external and internal role expectations

CH8: In nonverbal communication, the study of body movements, including posture, is known as: a. kinesics b. proxemics c. paralanguage d. posturics

a. Kinesics

CH7: The approach to stress that is based on the concept of homeostasis is known as a. Physiological b. Psychoanalytic c. Social psychological d. Psychological-cognitive

a. Physiological

group decision making techniques: Delphi

a. The greater outcome and quality of decision Technique options resulting from the group process.

CH 10: Formulating a set of decision rules for making inventory re-ordering decisions is an example of programmed decision making. a. true b. false

a. True

CH 10: Heuristics are shortcuts in decision making that save mental activity. a. true b. false

a. True

CH7: Eustress is positive stress a. True b. False

a. True

CH8: A communication medium low in richness might be good for sending numeric or factual data. a. true b. false

a. True

CH 10: An organization should do or provide all of the following except ____ if it wants to encourage employee creativity. a. close supervision b. participative decision making c. peer support d. flexible organizational structure

a. close supervision

47. Structured questions are always considered closed type questions. a. true b. false

a. true

Behavioral based questions are based on the premise that past behavior predicts future behavior. a. true b. false

a. true

CH 10: A method to prevent groupthink is to bring in outside experts to evaluate the group process. a. true b. false

a. true

CH 10: Illusions of unanimity is considered to be a symptom of groupthink. a. true b. false

a. true

The Harvard Research on Interviewing showed that college graduates should use impression management techniques. a. true b. false

a. true

CH 10: What are the advantages and disadvantages of group decision making?

advantages: "Two heads are better than one." diversity of views. More knowledge and information through the pooling of group member resources. Increased acceptance of, and commitment to, the decision. Greater understanding of the decision Disadvantages: time consuming. Groupthink(irrational or dysfunctional decision-making outcome.), Domination and group polarization

What can you do to prepare for the questions you may be asked in an interview?

analyze types of positions for which you are applying; what skills are required? Analyze your background; what skills relate to job objectives? Be prepared to provide examples, "Tell a story"

group decision making techniques: Group

b. An undesirable group decisional phenomenon Polarization that results from within group pressure.

CH8: The evoking of shared or common meaning in another person is called: a. interpersonal communication b. communication c. a response pattern d. the message

b. Communication

CH8: Passive-aggressive behavior is a form of defensiveness that begins as subordinate defensiveness and ends up as: a. scapegoating b. dominant defensiveness c. a defensive tactic d. a power play

b. Dominant defensiveness

CH7: An Employee Assistance Program is an organizational approach to stress reduction at the primary prevention level. a. True b. False

b. False

CH8: A perceptual screen is one's view of the world and its influence on interpersonal communication. a. true b. false

b. False

CH 10: In the rational model, the decision maker strives to: a. satisfice b. optimize c. select the alternative agreeable to the majority d.apply a heuristic

b. Optimize

CH7: Job design, goal setting, and career management would be organizational stress prevention strategies applied at which stage of prevention? a. Escalating b. Primary c. Reduction d. Secondary

b. Primary

CH8: Seating arrangements and dynamics can be examined in a/an _____ study. a. paralanguage b. proxemics c. kinesics d. attitude

b. Proxemics

CH7: The two major categories of 'role stress' at work include a. Role conflict and role overload b. Role conflict and role ambiguity c. Role ambiguity and role overload d. Role overload and ethical conflict

b. Role conflict and role ambiguity

CH 10: The majority wins rule in group decision making is an example of: a. a group heuristic b. a social decision making scheme c. groupthink d. the nominal group technique

b. a social decision making scheme

CH 10: The right side of the brain is best used for which type of activity or decision? a. flowchart work processes b. develop visions and strategic plans c. day to day operations d.tax preparations

b. develop visions and strategic plans

A thank you letter should be sent within 48 hours. a. true b. false

b. false

CH 10: Group polarization results in group members moving from extreme attitudes toward more moderate attitudes. a. true b. false

b. false

CH 10: Time constraints don't prevent managers from using group decision techniques. a. true b. false

b. false

CH7: The Yerkes-Dodson law suggests the relationship between stress level and performance arousal is a. U-shaped b. Linear and negative c. Bell-shaped d. Depends on the person

c. Bell-shaped

CH 10: Which decision making model is the most realistic in portraying the managerial decision process? a. rational b. garbage can c. bounded rationality d. incremental

c. Bounded rationality

CH8: Studies have shown that using computer mediated communication tends to result in an increase in: a. depression b. stress c. flaming d. proxemic behavior

c. Flaming

CH7: Which of the following is NOT considered to be a source of stress at work? a. Task demands b. Interpersonal demands c. Psychological demands d. Role demands

c. Psychological demands

CH8: An effective method to reduce or overcome barriers to communication due to gender differences is to: a. frequently use metaphors b. attempt to use more technical terms with precise meanings c. seek clarification meaning d. use face-to-face communication

c. Seek clarification meaning

group decision making techniques: Groupthink

c. Tendency of group's position to shift to more extreme options than individuals alone would do.

CH7: The stage in preventive stress management designed to heal individual or organizational symptoms of distress and strain is called a. Primary prevention b. Secondary prevention c. Tertiary prevention d. Job redesign

c. Tertiary prevention

CH 10: The research by Henry Mintzberg regarding intuition and managerial roles suggests that: a. managers rarely use intuition b. in most cases, managers use a systematic step by step approach to decisions c. managers make judgments based on hunches d. intuition has not been shown to be very effective as an antidote to over analysis

c. managers make judgments based on hunches

CH8: What percent of the meaning in a message can be conveyed by nonverbal communication? a. 10 to 20% b. 25 to 40% c. 45 to 705 d. 65 to 90%

d. 65 to 90%

CH8: Polyphasic activity is known as: a. the study of space in nonverbal communication b. the study of seating arrangements c. limiting your activity to only one at a time d. doing more than one thing at a time

d. Doing more than one thing at a time

group decision making techniques: Brainstorming

d. Gathering independent judgments through Iterative process and combining them into a group decision even though persons are not in a face- to face situation.

CH7: A personality that tends to be resistant to distress is a. Over-dependent b. Type A in nature c. Couner-dependent d. Hardy

d. Hardy

CH7: Self-reliance is a health, secure, ____ pattern of behavior. a. Over-dependent b. Counter-dependent c. Psychologically distant d. Interdependent

d. Interdependent

CH8: One way communication in contrast to the two way communication: a. is especially more accurate for complex tasks b. solicits interaction c. allows for reflective listening d. is faster

d. Is faster

CH7: Which of the following is NOT a mind-body change associated with stress? a. Redirection of blood to brain and large muscle groups b. Increased sensory alertness c. Release of glucose into the bloodstream d. Normal physical fatigue

d. Normal physical fatigue

CH7: A manager who presses employees for both very fast work and high quality work would likely cause a. Inter-role conflict b. Intra-role conflict c. Person-role conflict d. Role ambiguity

d. Role ambiguity

CH8: Providing the time to identify and isolate the listener's personal responses and exclude them from the dialogue is one of the purposes of: a. paraphrasing expressed thoughts and feelings b. clarifying implicit thoughts and feelings c. reflecting core feelings d. silence

d. Silence

CH 10: Which of the following is NOT one of the explanations for the escalation of commitment? a. cognitive dissonance theory b. optimism c. illusion of control d. high or low self-monitoring

d. high or low self-monitoring

group decision making techniques: Synergy

e. An open, non-evaluative group problem solving technique that produces the greatest number of options.

What are the most important things you should do to prepare for an interview?

research company, know the facts of the company, formulate list of intelligent questions, hang around the building how staff dresses, as well as body language

CH8: Identify the elements of the communication model and provide an example of each.

sender: message encoded. receiver: feedback decoded. channel: how message is sent.