speech 15,6,8,5
Types of leaders
Designated and Emergent
critical thinking
analyzing the speaker idea , dont just accept
To rebut an argument means to
argue against it
interpersonal relationships
associations between at least two people who are interdependent, who use some consistent patterns of interaction, and who have interacted for an extended period of time
stereotype
assumptions of what people are like, whether true or false- makes us not listen as well
compliance gaining
attempts made by a source of messages to influence a target "to perform some desired behavior that the target otherwise might not perform"
Monroe's Motivated Sequence
attention, need, satisfaction, visualization, action
deterrence
avoid something and not start it, stay away
empathic listening
be there ... feeling .. skilled
experimenting
began to revile a little bit
johari window 2
blind
referent power
charisma, trust, good person, so you follow them
ethical consideration
cite source,respect source,respect audience,respect opponent
He is good at writing and understanding literature; she is a whiz at math and statistics; together they make a great pair. The concept of friendship illustrated here is
complementary.
continuation
continue what they are already doing
Ethos
credibility
Groups of people who have an interest in the actions of an organization are _______.
criteria
critical listening
deep to make a decision , listen ver closely
interdependent
depending on each other
The tension that exists between 2 conflicting or interacting forces is _______.
dialectic
interpersonal communication
direct, face-to-face communication between two or more people
discontinuation
doing it now and want them to stop (drugs)
listening
done with your brain and ears
Pathos
emotional proof
women listen for
emotions or find common interest
enjoyment listening
enjoy, more deeply into it... analyzing due to enjoying it
what we do with logos
evidence/ reasoning to prove something
captive audience
example: classroom or commercials (didn't gather to hear about the particular topic) .. need to give them a reason to listen to you
Egocentrism
excessive self focused
The great Tennessee basketball coach Pat Summit was able to win so often because her team understood what the opponent was trying to do on offense and defense. Pat Summit was a master at knowing what types of plays the other team was going to run during the game. What type of power might she have possessed?
expert power
3 kinds of arguments
fact,value, and policy
"The municipal government, the city, should provide garbage collection—not private haulers." This statement is an example of a question of fact.
false
A complementary relationship is one in which the two people mutually reinforce each other with compliments.
false
A schema is a short method for applying better listening techniques.
false
An inductive argument moves from a general proposition to a specific instance.
false
Listening is the physical act of receiving a sound.
false
Persuasion is defined in the text as the skillful manipulation of people to get them to do something against their w
false
The first step in Monroe's Motivated Sequence is the need step.
false
group cohesiveness
feeling of attachment
control
figured out, influence others, environment ourselves
in a speech the ________ are most important
first and last ... people remerber
The least directive style of leadership is democratic.
flase
factual distractions
focusing too hard on details and no getting the concept
immediate purpose
for now, in this particular presentation (what you intend to accomplish) test use in class room
task-oriented group
formed for a purpose to solve a problem
voluntary audience
gather to hear a particular topic
deductive argument
general to specific or big to small
Bargaining
give and receive "who does what"
continuation example
give speech to this class on a ()college degree - already in here
reward power
give what the members wants
Rebuttal
going against argument
Dyad
group of two
emergent groups
groups resulting from environmental conditions leading to the formation of a cohesive group of individuals(formed by your self)
assigned groups
groups that evolve out of a hierarchy whereby individuals are assigned membership to the group
proposition of value
has evaluation on it , right or wrong , good or bad(think its wrong)
johari window 3
hidden
boomerang effect
if not analyze listeners, goal will turn ( ask for smaller) change in negative effect
basic interpersonal needs
inclusion, control, affection
emergent leaders
individuals who emerge from a group and take charge
Norms
informal rule of interaction (assigned seats)
Power
interpersonal influence
Critical thinking
is important when making judgements about the message being presented
proposition of fact
is or is not, was or was not true or is not
legitimate power
just because role, title, military
maintenance functions
keeping the group functioning property- leader
relationship stages who determined
knapp
expert power
leader b/c acknowledgement or experience
Laissz-Faire leadership style
leader is just there, no leading
Autocractic Leadership
leader is taking charge , control
Democratic leaders
leader leads, but dont force
sights and sounds
letting appearances or voice qualities affect your listening
personal bias
letting your own predispositions , or strong held beliefs
how to detect deceit
listening
active listening
listening with a purpose
Logos
logic proof
3 types of proofs
logos, pathos, ethos
relationship oriented
long-termed and exist to meet needs and inclusion and affection
experiential superiority
looking down on others as if their experience with life is not as good as yours
full /wholeargument
made a claim and backed it up (supported it )
goal (long range goal)
may never know if achieve goal
face to face
most affect mode ( get reaction)
listening
most used activity
persuasive
need to give background
affection
need to have people like and love you (love and like)
conflict
need to have to solve a problem
mental distraction
noise in your head, thinking
noise
not always noise, its interference between message being sent and message received
automatic
often when danger
self-centered functions
only benefits that individual doing it
unique relationships
only you and someone know share something special
johari window 1
open area
complementary
opposite
enthymeme
partial syllogism
complementary and symmetrical relationships
partners are different in ways that fit together (if one is logical, the other is emotional, etc.)
group roles
pattern of interaction or behavior exhibited over time
Integrating
people look alike, very close, ask where your friend is
hearing
physical activity
attractiveness
physical attractiveness
scheme
place you file things away
"The University should add public speaking as a graduation requirement" is an example of a proposition of
policy
Punishment Power
power to withhold or force you to do it
pseudo listening
pretending to listen
semantic distractions
react too emotionally (trigger word) really anger or really happy( words themselves)
ethical listener
recognize, monitor, respond adapt
similarity
same
rituals
same between someone
affectionate and support communication
say nice things and support
fear appeal
scaring audience
proposition of policy
should or shouldn't (support about it )
symmetrical
similar
Bonding
some legal, public announcement, marriage, renting, commitment, more difficult to tear apart
Responsiveness
someone is interested, eye contact
inductive argument
specific to general or small to big
terminating
stage of romantic relational dissolution in which couples end the relationship
Avoiding
stage of romantic relational dissolution in which couples try not to interact with each other
adoption
start something new
longterm memory
stored away (name and places, school material)
narrative
stories
Intensifying
stronger, trusting, share more
men listening for
takes action, solve the problem
behavioral flexibility
the ability to alter behavior to adapt to new situations and to relate in new ways when necessary
information literacy
the ability to figure out the type of information you need, find that information, evaluate it, and properly use it
Hearing
the act of receiving sound
self-disclosure
the process of making intentional revelations about your self that others would unlikely to know
Listening
the process of receiving, constructing meaning from, and responding to spoken and/or nonverbal messages
compliance-resisting
the refusal of targets of influence messages to comply with requests
relational deterioration
the stage in a relationship in which the prior bond disintegrates
task functions
things that help to do task research to solve a problem
status
thinking that someone is above or below you
initiate
to start, always careful, surface topics
A syllogism is a deductive argument with a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion.
true
A symmetrical relationship is one in which the two participants are highly similar.
true
Accurate citation of sources is an ethical consideration in a persuasive speech.
true
An example of a role is when a particular person in the group nearly always breaks the tension by making a joke or lightening up the discussion.
true
Bargaining is when two parties attempt to reach an agreement about what each should give and receive in a relationship or transaction between them.
true
Critical listening challenges the speaker's message and evaluates its accuracy, meaningfulness, and utility.
true
Emotional proof for an argument is also known as pathos.
true
Hearing is difficult to avoid because it is physiological
true
If you give a presentation to convince your audience to start a new behavior, your purpose is adoption.
true
Interpersonal communication includes dyadic (two-person) and small-group communication (where everyone is communicating with everyone else).
true
Leadership involves communication that influences the group to move toward its goals.
true
Listening is important in maintaining relationships.
true
Noise can be both physical and internal.
true
Respect for your audience as an ethical consideration discourages tricks, lies, distortion, and exaggeration.
true
The Johari Window is used as a model of self disclosure.
true
group think
trying to hard to be cohesive and not letting your self think- not good
personal idioms
unique forms of expression and language understood only by individual couples
johari window 4
unknown
error in sylligism
usually flawed generalization
Inclusion
wanting to be apart of something
William Schutz cited three basic interpersonal needs that we satisfy through others: the need for inclusion, the need for affection, and the need for control.
True
short-term memory
working memeory, we interpert
selective attention or automatic
you chose or it may chose you
Which of the following statements is true?
When communicating, college students spend over half their lives listening.
Which of the following would be a good example of self-disclosure?
You tell the person that you meet that your parents were originally from Mississippi.
Which of the following is most likely an example of an assigned group?
a group of students asked by the principal to clean the playground
persuasive presentation
a message designed to strategically induce change in an audience (number line) strongly - against
designated leader
a person who is elected or appointed as leader when the group is formed
Leadership
a process whereby an individual influences a group of individuals to achieve a common goal
Johari Window
a visual representation of components of the self that are known or unknown to the self and to others
Long-range goals
achievements that may take three to five years to accomplish ( real world, comes back to you )
Defensiveness
active threatened and feeling as through you must defend what you said and done
physical distraction
actual noise
essential interpersonal communication behaviors
affectation supported, influence, unique
Which of the following statements illustrates a task function statement?
"I think Tara's point is well made."
proximity
(n.) nearness, closeness
prove /support something back when ?
Aristotle- taught people how to be presusave
circumscribing
In this stage start to avoid, dont talk about the difference things
Syllogism (deductive reasoning)
3 part augment (generalization, example, conclusion)( major, minor,conclusion)
small group
3-9 members working together, collective of people
Which of the following is the best example of behavioral flexibility?
A single mother, she is affectionate with her children at home and a real professional at work.
Stagnating
In this stage of coming apart, the relationship is at a standstill. The two begin to avoid interaction and take care to side step controversy
Paraphrasing
Putting into words the ideas or feelings you have perceived from the message
who discovered interpersonal needs
Schutz
Differentiating
The first stage of coming apart, the differences between the individuals are highlighted and become forces that limit or slow the relationship.
The statement "I think Sarah's point is well made and we should look at it more closely" is an example of a supporting statement.
True
