TOEFL Guidelines

Be beneficial to Be advantageous to Be detrimental to Be harmful to Be disadvantageous to

few phrases you can use to describe when something is good or bad for something else.

independent writing

essays where students express an opinion and support it based on their own knowledge and experience.

1. Your main idea or your main opinion 2. The first supporting idea 3. The second supporting idea 4. Conclusion.

First of all, an important thing to remember is that regardless of the 5 question styles, the structure of the responses are the same. Normally you could stick to the following

380 to 400 words. Write a bit more if need a really high score 2mins - plan before you start writing 2 mins - for proofreading

Requirements for high score independent writing

1. Intro -- There are certainly both pros and cons of something. --Advantages and disadvantages --Upsides and downsides --Benefits and drawbacks --pros and cons --Positive aspects and negative aspects 2. Pros -- First of all -- First -- At the beginning, -- One advantage is --------THEN DESCRIBE A LITTLE 3. Cons -- However, a major disadvantage is / one of the main disadvantages is ---(and describe it a little) 4. My Opinion - Overall, though, I believe/I guess/I think it is better to

Template for TOEFL Speaking: Task 1. Personal Choice -- Advantages / Disadvantages

1. Make a statement about the change. According to the article, announcement, letter. 2. State two reasons from the reading. 3. Transition to the reasons for. There are two reasons why the man opposes/supports it. 4. First reason. 5. Second reason. Remember that the most important part of your answer should be based on the listening part. Don't waste a lot of time speaking about the reading.

Template for TOEFL Speaking: Task 2. Campus Announcement

1. State the lecture subject and details. ---The lecture is about (subject) which is (detail)... 2. State the first example (3-5 sentences). ---First, the professor notes that ... For example, ... 3. State the second example (3-5 sentences). ---Secondly, he says that ... For instance, ...

Template for TOEFL Speaking: Task 4. Academic Lecture

1. Main Point -- I agree/ disagree with the idea... -- In my opinion, this idea is better... -- I believe that... -- While some may agree or disagree, I believe that... 2. Transition -- I think i feel this way for several reasons. 3. First Reason -- Reason/detail + examples in life 4. Second Reason -- Reason/detail + examples in life

Template for: 1. Personal Choice -- Paired choice -- Multiple choice -- Agree/ Disagree

1. NOTE TO ORGANIZE: take notes on what they hear and read, and use them to organize information before writing 2. CITE: summarize, paraphrase, and cite information from the source material accurately 3. RELATE: write about the ways the information they heard relates to the information they read

goals of integrated writing

The reading and the lecture are both about _____. The author of the reading feels that ______. The lecturer challenges the claims made by the author. He is of the opinion that _____.

introduction template for integrated writing

S1: restate answer S2: restate two reasons **paraphrase yourself - do not repeat words from your paragraph * no new ideas in conclusion

How to write the conclusion for independent writing

S1: HOOK - general theme or topic of essay S2: Main Point - answer to question S3: Transition - why?

How to write the introduction for independent writing

Main idea & points → OUTLINE → reason/eg/details → Intro • organized • flow: linking words • range: vocab, grammar (complex, idioms) • accuracy ______________________________ 1. identify one main idea and some major points that support it 2. plan how to organize the essay (e.g., with an outline) 3. develop the essay by using reasons, examples, and details 4. express information in an organized manner 5. use effective linking words (transitional phrases) to connect ideas and help the reader understand the flow of ideas 6. use a range of grammar and vocabulary for effective expression 7. use grammar and vocabulary accurately; use idiomatic expressions appropriately 8. follow the conventions of spelling, punctuation, and layout

How to write an essay

2 paragraphs S1: Topic - first reason S2 - S4: Explanation - no personal experience S5: Transition S6: personal experience as example ** simple + cpd sentences please ** example are easy to write - 60% of body

How to write the body paragraph for independent writing

From the reading passage, X is described as... The professor illustrates/demonstrates X by giving one/two examples. In the first example,...In the second example,... (Optional) In summary/So/Therefore, .....these examples demonstrate/show X

Template for TOEFL Integrated Speaking 3

The lecture is about... The professor uses two examples to demonstrate... In the first example,...I n the second example,... In summary/Therefore/Ultimately,...

Template for TOEFL Integrated Speaking 4

1. Impt info - How well you select important information from the lecture. 2. relate - How well you relate the lecture points to the reading points. 3. support with details - How well you organize the essay and provide details 4. English - How well you use the English language, including grammar, 4. vocabulary, and writing conventions.

four basic criteria for integrated writing

1. campus announcement, article, letter (45 seconds) ---100 words ---concerns some present or future changes with 2 reasons why 2. convo between 2 students ---one would agree/disagree with 2 reasons TASK: --2 reasons of students --summarize announcement (30 sec prep, 1 min answer)

Structure of TOEFL Speaking: Task 2. Campus Announcement

1. short passage of about 100 words for 45 to 60 secs. 2. lecture ~1.5min 3. You will be asked a question about the lecture you heard. You will have 30 secs to prepare your response 4. 60 secs to record your response.

Structure of TOEFL Speaking: Task 3. General to specific

***1.5 to 2mins about academic term or concept w/ 2 examples or 2 parts Summarize examples Prep: 20sec Speak: 60sec

Structure of TOEFL Speaking: Task 4. Academic Lecture

3 to 5 passages (700 words each) - 12 to 14 questions per passage - 60 to 100 minutes to answer all

TOEFL iBT Reading includes

1. Personal Choice -- Paired choice -- Multiple choice -- Agree/ Disagree -- Advantages / Disadvantages 2. Campus Announcement 3. General to Specific 4. Academic Lecture

TOEFL iBT Writing includes

I believe that it is beneficial to ______, but there can also be some disadvantages. First, _______ However, I believe that there are disadvantages as well. ______ So, I believe that there are advantages and disadvantages to _______

Template for Advantage and Disadvantage Question Type

• I do agree/disagree that _______ • To begin with, _____ • In addition, ______ • Therefore, these reasons are why I agree/disagree that ______

Template for Agree or Disagree Question Type

In my opinion, ____ First of all, ______ Furthermore, _____ Therefore, I strongly/firmly believe that ______

Template for Description or Explanation Question Type

If I ____, I would ____. The first reason is _____ The second reason is ______ So for these two reasons, if ____, I would ____.

Template for IF/Imaginary Question Type

• To me, I prefer ____ to/over ____ for two main reasons. • The first reason is _____ • The second reason is______ • Therefore, these reasons are why I prefer to ____ rather than ____.

Template for Preference Question Type

1. State the topic (... is defined as ... / The article addresses/discusses something; The article tells us about.../We learn from the article about...) In your answer, you need to explain the title (what the article discusses). 2. Give the reading detail — explain the definition - What the passage defines (which the passage defines as.../the reading states that...) Be careful, the reading can be not only a definition but also an explanation or description. Spend only about 10-13 secs on for points 1 and 2. ________________________________________ 3. Transition to the examples (The professor provides an example / The professor talks about something to illustrate/illustrates it with; The lecturer provides an example/two examples / The lecturer elaborates on this by providing an example/two examples). 4. Explain what example or examples (two) are provided in the audio. (Somebody provides an example of ... to illustrate this; First of all, he mentions...; In addition, he says ...) This is the majority of your speech. Most of your score in this task comes from the lecture summary. Include all the details or as many as you can. They are all relevant. You should spend about 37 secs explaining and describing how the lecture illustrates an example. 5. Last 3 secs — conclusion (And so, this/these example/examples clearly illustrate(s)...) Some think that the conclusion is unnecessary, however, others the believe that it is a little bit of insurance for you because not only do you draw a line

Template for TOEFL Speaking: Task 3. General to specific

To begin with, the author argues that _____. The article mentions that ____. This specific argument is challenged by the lecturer. He claims ____. Additionally, he says ______. - Secondly, the writer suggests ______. In the article, it is said that _____. The lecturer, however, rebuts this by mentioning ______. He elaborates on this by bringing up the point that ______. - Finally, the author posits that _____. Moreover, it is stated in the article that ____. In contrast, the lecturer's position is _____. He notes that _____. You don't need to write a conclusion.

body paragraphs template for integrated writing

Integrated Writing

combining info heard in class lectures with what was read in textbook etc

1. Answer - How well you address the topic. 2. Support - How well you develop and support your ideas. 3. Connect/Organize - How well you organize the essay and connect your ideas. 4. English - How well you use the English language, including grammar, vocabulary, and writing conventions.

four basic criteria for independent writing