Unit 2 Benchmark Study Guide
Describe a patriarchal society.
A society were men rule over everything
The first empire in world history was
Akkadian Empire
site of the Hanging Gardens
Babylon
How did the kingdom of Kush become a successful trading empire?
Because they had very good minerals and goods
administrative organization with officials and regular procedures that helped run the government
Bureaucracy
The Jews believed that God had made a contract with them, called a
Convenant
Hieratic script, a simplified version of Egyptian hieroglyphic writing, was used
For trading
a city in Kush
Meroe
Persian route from Lydia to Susa
Royal Road
How did the Hyksos conquered Egypt' Middle Kingdom.
With their horse drawn chariots
Persian religion
Zoroastrianism
During the New Kingdom, the Egyptian Empire reached its peak. What was one way it showed its power?
by creating large monuments
The Assyrians had the first large armies who carried weapons made of
iron
the pharaoh who later changed his name to Akhenaten
Amenhotep IV
site of one of the world's first libraries
Ashurbanipal
a people known for using terror as an instrument of warfare
Assyrians
Darius's elite cavalry and infantry forces were known as the Immortals because
Because one, died they would get replaced really quickly
What type of tools and weapons did the Egyptians learn from Hyksos?
Bronze
Which leader of the Persian empire expanded it into the largest empire the world had yet seen?
Darius
The term for a large political unit or state, usually under a single leader, controlling many peoples or territories is
Empire
Having been conquered by the Hyksos was not all bad for the Egyptians because the Hyksos taught the Egyptians
How to male weapons out of bronze
invaders who attacked the Egyptian Empire during its final days of power
Hyskos
The empire that Sargon established was continued by his grandson ____ but fell less than 100 years after his grandson's death.
Naram-sin
the Chaldean king who restored Babylon to glory
Nebuchadnezzar II
the period during which the Great Pyramid of King Khufu at Giza was constructed, showing the power of the Egyptian pharaohs
New kingdom
the name of Kush while it was still a part of the Egyptian Empire
Nubia
title of Egyptian monarch who possessed absolute power
Pharaoh
religious teachers whose words became a source of ideals for social justice as they condemned the rich for causing the poor to suffer
Prophets
the leader who established the world's first empire
Sargon
How was the Persian Empire sustained?
Thhe government payed attention to their people
In the patriarchal Mesopotamian society, what was the father's role?
To take care of the house hold
One example of the Assyrians' efficiency and effectiveness as administrators was
Was their good military tactics
Cyrus was called "the Great" because he
because he was very wise
Why did the Egyptians resist Akhenaten's religious reforms?
because it went against their original beliefs
What military strategy did Hammurabi use to conquer lands and create his new Mesopotamian kingdom?
divide and conquer
While the Hyksos attacked the Egyptians from horse-drawn chariots, the Egyptian soldiers were limited to
donkey drawn carts
Hammurabi is remembered for
establishing a collection of laws for Mesopotamian society
Religion provided the Egyptians with a sense of security, and Egyptian rulers were viewed as
gods
What is most unusual about the pharaoh Hatshepsut?
she was a woman
The Egyptians developed an accurate 365-day calendar by basing their year on
the nile
Although the pharaoh Ramses II tried to maintain the Egyptian Empire's strength, he failed because he was unable to hold out against
the sea people.
Unlike other religions of the time, political leaders in Israel
were close to their god
Why did the kingdom of Kush become such a successful trading empire?
Because they had very good minerals and goods there
Identify an example of Assyrians' efficiency and effectiveness as administrators.
Communication
king who extended the Persian Empire to India
Darius
What was the impact of Amenhotep IV's religious reform?
Egypt was furious and demanded for their oñd religion to be put back
a large political unit, usually with a single leader, that controls many territories
Empire
complex system of writing, meaning "sacred writings," that is made up of pictures and more abstract forms
Hyroglyphs
a distinct group organized in tribes that established the religion of Judaism, which later influenced both Christianity and Islam.
Israelites
way in which dead bodies of wealthy Egyptians were preserved from the time of the Old Kingdom
Mummification
The king of the Chaldeans who rebuilt Babylon was
Nebuchadnezzar II
Which Egyptian time period experienced a golden age of stability and expansion?
Old kingdom
Egyptian history is divided into three major periods, known as the
Old kingdom, middle kingdom and new kingdom
migrating groups who domesticated animals for food, shelter, and clothing and who also helped spread language, goods, and technology
Pastoral Nomads
In Hammurabi's code, punishments generally followed the principle of retaliation, or the idea that one must
Pay the price
the empire ruled by Cyrus the Great
Persian Empire
Egyptian society, with the god-king at the top, was organized like (picture in notes)
Pharaoh, Nobles and Priests, then the aritisians and the craftmen, then the farmers, them the slaves for last
part of a large complex of buildings dedicated to the dead
Pyramids
The development of Egyptian civilization was influenced most powerfully by
Ramsés II
Around 2340 B.C., the Sumerian city-states were conquered by the Akkadians under their leader
Sargon
the ruler of a province in the Persian empire
Satrap
Cyrus the Great showed such wisdom and compassion when he conquered Babylon that
The natives there were allowed to have governmental jobs
The Code of Hammurabi paints a portrait of a society in which
every crime was carried out by a law.
The "ten lost tribes" were
scattered Israelite tribes
Which of the following contributed to the efficient system of communication that was crucial to sustaining the Persian Empire?
their well maintained roads, fresh hrses and way stations
