Unit 3 MCQ
A volleyball player falls and hits their head on the floor. They attempt to continue practicing, but have trouble maintaining balance. What part of their brain has likely meen most affected?
Cerebellum
_ refers to the large band of neural fibers connecting the two brain hemispheres and carrying messages between them
Corpus Callosum
Damage to the hippocampus would most likely result in _
Difficulty establishing new memories
You are aware that a snake is hissing at you while you're hiking, but you are not aware of the type of snake, as you quickly jumped out of the way and ran back to camp. Later, you are able to describe the size, type, and color of the snake. This ability to process information without conscious awareness best exemplifies what?
Dual Processing
What refers to an effect of life experience that leaves a molecular mark that affects gene expression?
Epigenetics
Damage to which lobe would most likely interfere with the ability to plan for the future?
Frontal Lobe
What were the major findings of Thomas Bouchard's study of twins?
Genetics does play a part - twins still has same fav color, food preferences, etc. despite raised completely diff environments.
If the amygdala of a human is surgically lesioned, what might be the impact on that individual's behavior
Impaired fear-response, poor decision making, not gauging danger
What are the key, associated functions of the left hemisphere?
Logic, speaking, reading, writing, analysis
A researcher interested in determining the size of a particular area of the brain would most likely use what kind of scan/test
MRI, possibly fMRI
The _ region of the brain controls our breathing and heartbeat
Medulla (brainstem - middle of the brain) - Also possibly Autonomic Nervous System
What carries the information necessary to activate withdrawal of the foot from a hot sidewalk?
Motor Neuron
Multiple sclerosis is a result of degeneration in the _.
Myelin Sheath
What are the key, associated functions of the right hemisphere?
Organization, Emotion, Visual, Facial recognition
Which scanning technique measures glucose consumption as an indicator of brain activity?
PET scan
Which branch of the nervous system would later calm Person Q after the cougar ran away?
Parasympathetic
Which is the most influential of the endocrine glands?
Pituitary Gland
They hypothalamus is a/an _ center for the brain
Reward
Person Y lost their vision at a young age. When they were much older, they received a corneal transplant that allowed them to see again. After so many years of not being able to see, they had a very difficult time interpreting visual information such as faces and expressions. Their visual problems most likely came from processing difficulties in the _.
Right Hemisphere
Which neurotransmitter is most likely in short supply if someone does not feel like getting out of bed, has lost their appetite, and feels tired for most of the day?
Serotonin
Roger Sperry, cut corpus callosum, if the hemispheres were not connected,they functioned independently of one another, which he called a/an _
Split Brain
Person Q was jogging on a path in the woods. As they went around a curve, they noticed a cougar on the path ahead. Immediately, the jogger's pupils dilated, they began to perspire, and their heart accelerated. These changes are most closely related to the function of the _.
Sympathetic Nervous System
Neurotransmitters cross the _ to carry information to the next neuron.
Synaptic Gap
Which part of the brain is sometimes referred as the brain's "train hub," because it directs incoming sensory messages (except smell) to their proper places in the brain?
Thalamus
Surgical stimulation of the somatosensory cortex might result in what kind of false sensations?
Touch, temperature, pain
Opiate drugs, such as heroin, are classified as _.
agonists
Significant damage to the _ will most likely cause a person to fall into a deep coma from which a person will be unable to wake up
cerebral cortex
Hormones are _ released into the _.
chemical messengers; bloodstream
What is the purpose of the myelin sheath?
covers the axon of some neurons and helps speed neural impulses
An individual can move their hand to fill out a scantron because of the _ located in the _ lobe of the brain, allowing them to activate the proper muscles
motor; frontal
A PET scan best allows researchers to examine __.
problems at the cellular level using a radioactive form of glucose; complex systemic diseases
What does Brain plasticity refer to?
the brain's ability to change and adapt as a result of experience- or to repair and recover from damage
If an individual is having trouble with cognitive tasks related to learning and memory, which neurotransmitter is most likely to be involved with the problem?
Acetylcholine
What is the brief electrical charge that travels down an axon called?
Action Potentials (Neural Impulses)
Epinephrine and norepinephrine increase energy and are released by the _.
Adrenal gland
If one were admitted to the hospital after experiencing a mild tingling on the right side of their face and a sudden inability to speak, by using MRI, a doctor would likely find a _ in which hemisphere?
An abnormality in the brain tissue in the left hemisphere
The most noticeable difference between human brains and other mammalian brains is the size of the _.
Association Areas
If a person sustained damage to Broca's area what symptoms might they most likely demonstrate
Cannot produce speech, but can still understand others. Motor Speech Area
