World History 8-5
_____________ was probably the best general in the late Roman Empire
Belisarius
__________ defeated the ______________ in Italy
Belisarius Ostrogoths
What was the Hippodrome?
A huge amphitheater for chariot races and other entertainment
Pope Leo III outlawed use of ________ as ___________.
icons idolatry
The Eastern empire had inherited a vast quantity of _________ __________ which Justinian wished to simplify.
legal materials
Most of Constantinople's appearance in the Early Middle Ages was due to Justinian's program of ___________ in the _______ _________
rebuilding sixth century
Legal
relating to law; founded on law
This began a _________________ between the two branches of Christianity.
schism, or seperation
codification
the action or process of arranging laws or rules according to a system or plan
Name four challenges the Eastern Roman Empire was left with:
1) To much territory 2) An empty Treasury 3) A decline in population 4) Renewed threats
Nika Revolt
A devastating riot that took place in early medieval Constantinople, in the Eastern Roman Empire. It threatened the life and reign of Emperor Justinian
Macedonians
A South Slavic ethnic group native to the region of Macedonia.
Icon
A conventional religious image typically painted on a small wooden panel and venerated itself as sacred by Eastern Christians
Schism
A split or division between strongly opposed sections or parties, caused by differences in opinion or belief
Justinian I
Also known as Justinian the Great and Saint Justinian the Great in the Eastern Orthodox Church, was Byzantine emperor from 527-565
Under this line of emperors who ruled from 867 to 1081, into what four areas did the Byzantine Empire expand?
Bulgaria, Islands of Cyprus and Crete, and Syria
By the eighth century the smaller Eastern Roman Empire had become the ____________ _____________
Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire was both a __________ and ____________ state.
Christian Greek
Until the 12th century, ______________ was the greatest center of commerce in Europe during the middle ages.
Constantinople
As a result _______________ turned to Europe for military help which lead to the Byzantine involvement in the ______________ which lead to the downfall of the ___________________.
Emperor Alexus I Crusades Byzantine Empire
Latin was replaced by _________ in the Eastern Roman Empire
Greek
The MOST serious challenge to the Eastern Roman Empire came from the rise of __________
Islam
Name FOUR areas Justinian controlled in his Empire?
Italy, part of Spain, North Africa, and Asia Minor
_________________ wrote defenses of the use of holy images.
John of Damascus
When he became emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire, _____________ became determined to reestablish the Roman Empire in the Entire Mediterranean world
Justinian
How did silk worms get to Justinian's Empire?
Munks smuggled them from China to the Byzantine Empire
The Body of Civil law was written in __________ the last product of eastern Roman Culture to be written in this language.
Latin
Under what new dynasty of emperors didnyhe Byzantine Empire endure and even expand?
Macedonian
In 1071 a Turkish army defeated Byzantine forces at _____________.
Manzikert
Hippodrome
The sporting and social centre of Constantinople
John of Damascus
Saint John of Damascus; also known as John Damascene was a Syrian monk and priest
Name four areas of the world and the products they produced that were sent to Constantinople:
Silk from China Spices from India and Southeast Asia Jewellery and Ivory from India Wheat/ Furs from Southern Russia
_________ __________ truly held the Byzantine Empire state together.
Spiritual values
What does excommunicated mean?
Take away the rights of another's church membership
Ostrogoths
The Eastern branch of the later Goths. They traced their origins go the Greutungi. They migrated from the Baltic Sea and established a kingdom north of the Black Sea during the 3rd and 4th centuries. Their empire stretched from the Black Sea to the Baltic
Michael Cerularius
The Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople from 1043 to 1059 A.D., most notable for his mutual excommunication with Pope Leo IX that led to the Great Schism.
Between what two churches was there a growing split?
The Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church
Enormous
huge;vast;immense
Empress Theodora
The empress of the Byzantine Empire and the wife of Justinian. She was the most influential and powerful empress.
Patriarch
The head of the Eastern Orthodox Church originally appointed by the Byzantine emperor
The Body of Civil Law
The modern name for a collection of fundamental works in jurisprudence, issued from 529 to 534 by order of Justinian I.
Idolatry
The worship of physical idol as a god
Possibly, the greatest threat to the Byzantine Empire came from the ___________________ Turks.
advance of the Seljuk
The most important contribution of Justinian I was the _____________ of Roman law
codification
Pope Leo IX the head of the Catholic church in Rome said he was the sole head of the church, but the patriarch of the Eastern Orthodox church disagreed and so they both ____________________ each other
formally excommunicated
