World War I
Why was the Zimmerman telegram was so offensive to the U.S.?
Against monroe doctrine
Why did WWI involved parts of Asia, the Pacific and Africa?
Asia: japan picks german possessions with ally support Middle East/Africa: arab nationalists help british to topple ottomans German east Africa remains undefeated (germans ran into the interior)
Which country was the first to issue a declaration of war and therefore set off the "chain of alliances"?
Austria-Hungary
Why is the period between 1839 and 1914 is called the Long Fuse?
Based upon fear There were protection alliances Mutual defense treaties- any event could turn into one big war
In mobilizing for war, what did countries do?
Conserve resources (collecting goods and people, rationing) Communication (sell the war: bonds, protect information, propaganda) Coordinate industries (women in workforce, retooling to make...)
What are the four causes of World War I?
Extreme nationalism Imperialism Militarism Alliance system
Why did the United States had trouble remaining neutral?
Germans sink the Lusitania Germany returns to unrestricted submarine warfare A strong feeling of sympathy for allies given information about brutal war tactics (gas) Zimmerman note
What countries were a part of the Central Powers?
Germany Austria-Hungary Ottomans or Turkey
What countries were a part of the Allied Powers?
Great Britain France Russia Italy United States
Why do people consider WWI a "total war"?
Involved all the human and material resources of the countries involved Did not spare civilian populations event though there was fighting along four fronts (armenia genocide most prominent atrocity) Did not follow strict rules of engagement (introduction of new methods of warfare sets off escalation of war toys)
Why is WWI considered the first modern war?
Involved technological advances in weaponry that yielded heavy losses of human lives Use of submarines and airplanes made everything and everyone fair game Battlefield changed from a field of engagement to an extensive system of trenches
Why would Germany asked the Allies for an armistice in 1917?
Large numbers of US soldiers enter war Germany out of steam, shortages of food, medicine, oil, and weapons Media and new weimar republic government wants to end war
What was the name of the international organization that formed in Europe at the urging of President Wilson?
League of Nations
What is the definition of "militarism" Including what it advocated?
Mobilization which means to maintain a stable army and navy Glorification of war which means advocating a constant build up of weapons (Enormous military build-up and glorification of build-up to enhance national pride)
Why was the international organization (from the question above) doomed to fail?
Nations bitterness and resentment will linger long after the war ended US will not participate Decisions of the league were not binding (Resentment and bitterness lingers, no means of enforcement)
Why were President Wilson's proposals turned down by the Europeans?
Not interested in being nice Britain, France, and Italy determined to punish Germany (Clash between idealism and outlook of victorious allies, french revenge, secret treaties)
What groups embraced extreme nationalism ("pan-ism") and where did they want to expand?
Pan-German movement: hope to bring all Germans together under one nation Pan-Slavic movement: led by Russia, aggravated by Serbia; both wanted to bring all Slavs together under one nation Serbia's "Greater Serbia" desire matched with the: black hand attempted to cause civil unrest among other slavs in austria-hungary and the balkan area/discovered they were backed by Serbian government (Germany, Serbia, Russia, Black Hand)
What are the reasons why imperialism caused friction among European countries?
Schleswig-Holstein: 2 danish provinces lost to Germany as part of the austro-prussian ware Alsace-Lorraine: 2 french provinces lost to Germany as a result of the franco-prussian war Poland: repeatedly divided between Austria, Prussia, and Russia *Germany wants to unite all "Germans"*
What are the key points of President Wilson offered a plan for peace (14 points).
Self determination: colonies and areas within Europe to determine their own fate No secret treaties or economic barriers Freedom of the seas Reduce arms (armies and navies) (Self determination, "peace without victory", free treatment of colonial peoples, freedom of the seas)
What were the names of the "fronts", where were they located and/or which armies were fighting on each particular front?
Western: Eastern: Southern: Turkish: