Ch.7 femur and pelvis
How much does the pubis make up of the acetabulum?
1/5
The longitudinal plane of the femur is about ___ degrees from vertical.
10 degrees
The angle of the neck to the shaft on an average adult is approximately ___.
125 degrees
For an AP pelvis projection, how much do you rotate the lower limbs?
15-20 degrees
The anterior angle of the head and neck in relation to the body of the femur is how much?
15-20 degrees
The leg must be rotated how much to place the femoral neck parallel to the IR.
15-20 degrees
How much do you rotate the leg for an AP proximal femur?
15-20 degrees internally
What four bones make up the pelvis?
2 hip bones, sacrum and coccyx
How much of the acetabulum does the ilium make up?
2/5
How much of the acetabulum does the ischium make up?
2/5
What is the SID for the danelius-miller method?
40 inch SID
How much should you abduct both femora from vertical for an AP bilateral frog leg projection?
40-45 degrees
For posterior oblique projection of the acetabulum, how much do you rotate the patient?
45 degrees
What is the KVP range for a Danelius-miller method?
80-85
What are the two important positioning landmarks of the ilium?
ASIS and iliac crest
The three parts fuse together to form an area called what?
Acetabulum
For a lateral femur, how much do you flex the knee?
Approximately 45 degrees
Where is the cavity of the true pelvis?
Area between the inlet and outlet
The ilium is composed of two parts: ____&____.
Body and ala/wing
Where is the CR directed for an axiolatetal inferosuperior projection (cross-table lateral hip)?
CR is perpendicular to the femoral neck and IR
What is another name for the axiolatetal inferosuperior projection?
Danelius-miller method
What projection is performed for a trauma surgery and post-surgery patient, as well as for patients who cannot move or rotate the affected leg for frog leg lateral?
Danelius-miller method
What is the longest and strongest bone of the body?
Femur
What is the depression or pit in the head of the femur called?
Fovea capitis
Directly superior to the ischial spine is a deep notch termed what?
Greater sciatic notch
What large prominence is located superiorly and laterally to the femoral shaft and is palpable as a bony landmark?
Greater trochanter
What are the four essential parts of the proximal femur?
Head, neck, greater and lesser trochanter
What is the largest of the three divisions?
Ilium
What are the three divisions of each hip bone?
Ilium, ischium and pubis
When is the modified axiolateral (clements-nakayama method) used?
In trauma projections, when neither leg can be moved
Oblique plane defined by the brim of the pelvis
Inlet
The trochanters ate joined posteriorly by a think ridge called what?
Intertrochanteric crest
How is each ischium divided?
Into a body and a ramus
The lower portion of the body of ischium projects caudally and medially from acetabulum ending at the what?
Ischisl tuberosity
What is the smaller, blunt, conical eminence that projects medially and posteriorly from the junction if the neck and shaft of the femur?
Lesser trochanter
What ligament is attached to the head of the femur via the fovea capitis?
Ligament capitis femoris
Describe male pelvis
Narrower, deeper, less flared, acute angle, more oval or heart shaped
What part of the femur connects the head with the body?
Neck
If a dislocation of the hips is suspected, do you still rotate the hips internally?
No- perform positioning with minimal movement of affected leg
A large opening formed by the ramus and body of each ischium and by the pubis
Obturator foramen
Where does the lower abdominal organs and the fetus within a pregnant uterus rest?
On the floor of the greater pelvis
Plane defined by two ischial tuberosities and the top of the coccyx
Outlet
What is defined by the superior portion of the symphysis pubis anteriorly and by the superior prominent part of the sacrum posteriorly?
Pelvic brim
Where should the CR be directed to?
Perpendicular to the IR, directed midway between the level os ASIS and the pubic symphysis
Where is the IR directed for the axiolateral inferosuperior projection (cross-table lateral hip)?
Place crease above iliac crest and adjust so that it is parallel to femoral neck and perpendicular to CR.
Where is the crest of the ilium located?
Superior margin extending from the ASIS to the PSIS
The two superior rami meet in the midline to form an amphiarthrodial joint called what?
Symphysis pubis
What makes up the pelvic girdle?
The two hip bones
Cavity that is completed surrounded by bony structures
True pelvis
Describe female pelvis
Wider, more shallow, obtuse angle, rounder & larger
