chapter 1 quiz

The concept "sociology" was coined in 1838 by

Auguste Comte

Which of the following statements might be made by a sociologist using the gender-conflict approach?

In many ways, men are in positions of power over women.

Which of the following is true about positivist sociology?

It favors quantitative data.

Which of the following is an accurate criticism of the structural-functional approach?

It ignores inequality that can generate tension and conflict.

Which of the following is true about cause-and-effect relationships in the social world?

Most patterns of behavior are caused by many factors.

Which early sociologist received the first doctorate ever awarded by Harvard University to a person of color?

W.E.B. Du Bois

The social-conflict approach sometimes receives criticism for

being openly political.

If you were trying to measure the "social class" of various people, you would have to keep in mind that

it is necessary to specify exactly what you are measuring.

The recognized and intended consequences of a social pattern are referred to as

manifest functions.

Thomas Hobbes's idea that society reflects a selfish human nature illustrates the thinking common at which of Comte's historical stages?

metaphysical stage

Sociologists use the term "social marginality" to refer to

people who are defined by others as an "outsider."

A small number of people that are used to represent a much larger population is called a

sample

The main characteristic of the _____ approach is its view of society as being orderly and stable.

structural-functional

About 1.4 million immigrants enter the United States each year and many (including Arnold Schwarzenegger and Gloria Estefan) have become well known. These facts support the conclusion that

the world's nations are increasingly interconnected.

Comte described the earliest human societies as being at which stage of historical development?

theological stage