Chapter 14 - Multiple Choice

An infectious disease is MOST accurately defined as: -a medical condition caused by the growth and spread of small, harmful organisms within the body. -any disease that enters the body via the bloodstream and renders the immune system nonfunctional. -the invasion of the human body by a bacterium that cannot be destroyed by antibiotics or other drugs. -a disease that can be spread from one person or species to another through a number of mechanisms.

-a medical condition caused by the growth and spread of small, harmful organisms within the body. Page 569, Infectious Diseases

Most treatments provided in the prehospital setting are intended to ______. -address the patient's symptoms. -correct the patient's underlying problem. -reduce the need for transport to the hospital. -conform the patient's diagnosis.

-address the patient's symptoms. Page 567, Management, Transport, and Destination

The determination of whether a medical patient is a high-priority or low-priority transport is typically made: -as soon as the patient voices his or her chief complaint. -upon completion of a detailed secondary assessment. -once the patient's baseline vital signs are known. -after the primary assessment has been completed.

-after the primary assessment has been completed. Page 568, Management, Transport, and Destination

You are attempting to a 27-year-old male driver of a car. According to his passenger, the patient had been acting strangely while driving, then slumped forward against wheel, apparently unconscious. The car drove off the road and struck a telephone pole. The patient remains unconscious, and physical assessment reveals only a large hematoma on his right forehead with no other physical signs. Your patient is a diabetic who had been under a lot of stress lately and may have missed meals. This is an example of a: -combination of a psychiatric and trauma emergency. -trauma emergency. -combination of a medical and trauma emergency. -medical emergency.

-combination of a medical and trauma emergency. Page 561, Introduction

The BEST way to prevent infection from whooping cough is to: -get vaccinated against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis. -ask all patients if they have recently traveled abroad. -wear a HEPA mask when treating any respiratory patient. -routinely place a surgical mask on all respiratory patients.

-get vaccinated against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis. Page 575, Common or Serious Communicable Diseases

Hepatitis B is more virulent than hepatitis C, which means that it: -leads to chronic infection after exposure. -is less resistant to treatment. -has a greater ability to produce disease. -is a more contagious type of disease.

-has a greater ability to produce disease. Page 573, Common or Serious Communicable Diseases

When caring for a patient with an altered mental status and signs of circulatory compromise, you should: -limit your time at the scene to 10 minutes or less, if possible. -transport immediately and begin all emergency treatment en route to the hospital. -have a paramedic unit respond to the scene if it less than 15 minutes away. -perform a detailed secondary assessment prior to transporting the patient.

-limit your time at the scene to 10 minutes or less, if possible. Page 567, Management, Transport, and Destination

You and your EMT partner arrive at the residence of a 50-year-old man who complains of weakness. Your primary assessment reveals that he is critically ill and will require aggressive treatment. The closest hospital is 25 miles away. You should: -load him into the ambulance, begin transport, and perform all treatment en route to the hospital. -perform a detailed secondary assessment, assess his vital signs, and then transport rapidly. -manage all threats to airway, and circulation and consider requesting an ALS unit. -administer oxygen via nonbreathing mask and obtain as much of his medical history as possible.

-manage all threats to airway, breathing, and circulation and consider requesting an ALS unit. Page 564, Patient Assessment

Assessment of the medical patient is usually focused on the ______. -medical history. -field diagnosis. -nature of illness. -associated symptoms.

-nature of illness. Page 562, Patient Assessment

It is especially important to assess pulse, sensation, and movement in all extremities as well as pupillary reactions in patients with a suspected ______ problem. -cardiac. -respiratory. -neurologic. -endocrine.

-neurologic. Page 565, Patient Assessment

In 2009, the H1N1 virus accounted for over 200,000 deaths worldwide in the form of the swine flu. In 1919, a similar outbreak of the H1N1 occured in the form of the Spanish flu. Starting in Kansas City, the virus spread rapidly worldwide, claiming up to 50 million lives. These are both examples of: -epidemics. -uncontrolled outbreaks. -parasitic infection. -pandemics.

-pandemics. Page 569, Infectious Disease

After sizing up the scene of a patient with a possible infectious disease, your next priority should be to: -take standard precautions. -contact medical control. -notify law enforcement. -quickly access the patient.

-take standard precautions. Page 569, Infectious Diseases

When forming your general impression of a patient with a medical complaint, it is important to remember that: -the conditions of many medical patients may not appear serious at first. -it is during the general impression that assessment of the ABCs occurs. -most serious medical conditions do not present with obvious symptoms. -the majority of medical patients you encounter are also injured.

-the conditions of many medical patients may not appear serious at first. Page 563, Patient Assessment

Ten days after treating a 34-year-old patient with tuberculosis, you are given a tuberculin skin test, which yields a positive result. This MOST likely indicates that: -you contracted the disease by casual contact instead of exposure to secretions. -you are actively infected with tuberculosis and should be treated immediately. -you were exposed to another infected person prior to treating the 34-year-old patient. -the disease is dormant in your body, but will probably never cause symptoms.

-you were exposed to another infected person prior to treating the 34-year-old patient. Page 574, Common or Serious Communicable Diseases

Which of the following patients is at greatest risk for complications caused by the influenza virus? -68-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes. -50-year-old woman moderate obesity. -39-year-old man with mild hypertension. -12-year-old child with a fractured arm.

-68-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes. Page 569, Common or Serious Communicable Diseases

Which of the following is bacterium resistant to most antibiotics and causes akin abscesses? -MRSA -Avian flu -Whooping cough -H1N1

-MRSA Page 575, Common or Serioud Communicaable Diseases

When assessing a patient with a medical complaint, which of the following would MOST likely reveal the case of the problem? -Medical history. -Primary assessment. -Baseline vital signs. -Index of suspicion.

-Medical history. Page 564, Patient Assessment

Which of the following conditions is NOT categorized as a psychiatric condition? -Depression -Alzheimer disease -Substance abuse -Schizophrenia

-Substance abuse Page 561, Types of Medical Emergencies

Most patients with an infectious disease will have ______. -seizures. -a fever. -a low blood glucose level. -abdominal pain.

-a fever. -Page 596, Infectious Diseases

In which of the following situations would it be MOST appropriate to utilize an air medical transportation service? -29-year-old woman who is 18 weeks pregnant, has light vaginal bleeding, and stable vital signs. -61-year-old man with signs and symptoms of a stroke and a ground transport time of 50 minutes. -50-year-old conscious woman with severe nausea and vomiting, fever, and chills of 3 days' duration. -43-year-old man experiencing a heart attack, and the closest appropriate hospital is 15 minutes away.

-61-year-old man with signs and symptoms of a stroke and a ground transport time of 50 minutes. Page 568, Management, Transport, and Destination