PSYC 3303 - All Quizzes 14, 9, 15
Liqueurs usually contain about ___ % of alcohol
20 to 25
Typical distilled beverages sold commercially with an alcohol content ranging between 40-50% is ____ proof
80 to 100
Today's standard product from many large commercial distilleries is
95% pure ethyl alcohol
Match the kinds of beer with their characteristics
ALE = s lightly warm temperatures are used in the manufacture L A G E R =cool temperatures are used in the manufacture
Studies conducted by Roland Griffiths and Walter Pahnke on psilocybin and mystical experiences found that the psilocybin
Acutely increased mystical experiences
The disease model of alcohol dependence suggests that
Alcohol dependence is a progressive disease characterized by a loss of control over drinking
In the context of alcohol's mechanism of action, identify an effect of alcohol on GABA
Alcohol enhances the inhibitory effects of GABA at the GABA-A receptor
Identify an a ccurate statement a bout ale, which is a form of beer
Flavor of the malt is retained due to the shorter fermentation time
A feature of anandamide is that it
Has marijuanalike effects when administered to animals
An accurate statement about LSD is that it (1)
Has never been definitely linked to even one human overdose death
What happens when heavy alcohol use stops and the alcohol has disappeared from the body of a person who has been drinking alcohol heavily over a prolonged period?
High activity level of the metabolic enzymes continues for 4 to 8 weeks
Arrange the stages of the abstinence syndrome that develops after ceasing alcohol use in the correct order
I. Tremors II. Hallucinations III. Delusions IV. Seizure activity
Most patients with Wernicke's disease, an alcohol-related organic brain disease, also exhibit Korsakoff's psychosis that is characterized by an
Inability to remember recent events or to learn new information
One of the most consistent acute physiological effects of both smoked marijuana and oral THC is a(n)
Increase in HR
Identify a cause for fatigue that accompanies a hangover due to alcohol consumption
Increased activity while drinking
Alcohol dilates the peripheral blood vessels in the CNS, and this
Increases heat loss from a drinker's body
Large doses of psilocybin affect the body by
Inducing headaches that last for no more than a day
Which of the following is t rue of the subjective effects of marijuana?
Infrequent smokers are likely to experience more intense subjective effects
According to studies on twins about alcohol dependence, it was observed that
Inheritance plays a role in alcohol dependence
A characteristic of LSD is that it
Is a sympathomimetic agent
Identify a feature of the San Pedro cactus
Its mescaline content is less than that of peyote
Heavy marijuana smoking over a long period of time could lead to
Less readily reversible impairment of pulmonary function
The safety margin of the surgical anesthesia level and the minimum lethal level of alcohol is _____% blood alcohol
Less than 0.1
Lia is a lean woman weighing 180 pounds. Her friend Melissa also weighs 180 pounds, but she is a fat person. One one occasion, they drank the same amount of alcohol. In the context of the distribution of alcohol in the body, identify a t rue statement about the blood alcohol concentration (BAC) found in Lia and Melissa
Lia will have a lower BAC than Melissa
A t rue statement a bout the abuse potential of marijuana is that
Marijuana selfadministration is THC concentrationdependent
Identify a t rue statement about the history of magic mushrooms
Mexicans had a long history of using magic mushrooms for religious and ceremonial purposes
In the context of peyote use by Native Americans, the
Native American Church of the US incorporated peyote use into its ceremonies
Studies on monkeys have indicated that_____ is a good analgesic, but does not produce good muscle relaxation to sleep
PCP
Ryan, a 20-year-old university student, attended a college party. He and his friends drank a lot of alcohol at the party. One of Ryan's friends, John, was about to pass out after drinking alcohol. In this scenario, Ryan should
Place John on his side so that any vomit is less likely to be aspirated
1- (1- Phenylcyclohexyl) piperidine hydrochloride (PCP) affects the human body by
Producing a loss of sensation within two or three minutes of beginning intravenous infusion
An accurate statement about MDMA is that
The drug increases sociability and euphoria
A true statement about the history of magic mushrooms is that the New Yorker ethnobotanist Gordon Wasson was
The first outsider to participate in a Native American ceremony and eat the magic mushroom
Identify a t rue statement a bout the effects produced by ayahuasca
The monoamine-oxidase-inhibiting properties of harmaline in ayahuasca prevent the degradation of oral DMT
Identify a t rue statement about the behavioral effects of BAC
The rate at which BAC rises is a factor in determining behavioral effects of a person
The 2 major classes of phantastica, the indole and catechol hallucinogens, are grouped according to
Their chemical structures
Identify a t rue statement a bout the distillation process to obtain alcohol
There is a higher percentage of alcohol in the distillate than there was in the original solution
Identify a t rue statement about grain neutral spirits, which contains relatively pure alcohol
They are essentially tasteless
Identify a t rue statement about liqueurs, or cordials
They are similar in some ways to the fortified wines
Data from at least 1 controlled study suggests that DMT is unique among classical hallucinogens in that
Tolerance does not develop to its psychological effects
Identify a t rue statement a bout the pharmacological nature of mescaline
Tolerance to mescaline develops more slowly than to LSD
An accurate statement about LSD is that it (2)
Tolerance to the drug develops rapidly
In the distillation process of whiskey, the distillate contains more congeners because
Whiskey is usually distilled as a lower proof
In the primary metabolic system, the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase converts alcohol to
acetaldehyde
It has been suggested that the accumulation of_______, which is quite toxic even in small quantities, contributes to the nausea and headache during a hangover due to alcohol consumption
acetaldehyde
If a person suffers from alcohol-related fatty liver, the liver uses stored fatty acids for energy when
alcohol input ceases
The street name for PCP sprinkled on plant material such as oregano, parsley, or alfalfa is
angel dust
During the Middle Ages and before, ______ was primarily used as a poison and to dilate the pupils of the eyes
atropabelladonna
is the primary active ingredient in the deadly nightshade, Atropa belladonna
atropine
is made by adding barley malt to other cereal grains, such as ground corn or rice
beer
It was discovered many years ago in Spain that if enough_____ is added to a newly fermented wine, the fermentation will stop
brandy
During the process of fermentation, yeast recombines the carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen of sugar into ethyl alcohol and
carbon dioxide
nucleus forms the basic structure of the catecholamine neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine
catechol
Seeds of A rgyreia nervosa
contain HIGHER levels of d-lysergic acid and have adverse effects due to the presence of toxic cyanogenic glycosides
Seeds of R ivea corymbosa-
contain LOWER levels of d-lysergic acid and had great religious significance in Mexico
The largest-selling imported beer in the US is_______ from Mexico
corona
The group of hallucinogens that have a tendency to produce mental confusion and a loss of touch with reality, and are grouped separately from the phantastica hallucinogens are referred to as
deliriants
An alcohol withdrawal syndrome that includes hallucinations and tremors is known as
delirium tremens
In the context of the disease model of alcohol dependence, a consequence of defining alcohol dependence as a primary disease is that
drinking itself should be recognized as a problem
Benjamin Rush, a prominent Philadelphia physician who authored the first writings indicating negative views on alcohol, found a link between heavy drinking and
jaundice
is a chemical that is closely related to PCP, which has more depressant effects than PCP and fewer prolonged reactions
ketamine
Death resulting from acute alcohol intoxication usually is the result of respiratory failure when the
medulla is depressed
Identify an example of a catechol hallucinogen
mescaline
The primary active ingredient found in the Amanita muscaria m ushroom is
muscarine
A common adverse effect that can occur while under the influence of LSD is the
panic reaction
is a small, spineless, carrot-shaped psychoactive cactus, Lophophora williamsil Lemaire, that was originally consumed orally by indigenous Mexican people
peyote
Phantastica drugs are capable of producing hallucinations and some altered sense of reality, a state that could be psychotic, so they have been referred to as
psychomimetic drugs
Which of the following hallucinogen is classified as an indole hallucinogen?
psylocybin
In terms of beneficial aspects of alcohol on the heart, there has been speculation that_____ might have better effects than other forms of alcohol due to t he presence of antioxidants
red wine
richocereuspachanoii samescaline-containingcactuswhosecommonnameis____,anditisnative to the Andes Mountains of Peru and Ecuador, and has been used for thousands of years as a religious sacrament
san pedro cactus
is a high grade form of marijuana that does not contain seeds and has a THC content of about 11%
sinsemilla
The phenomenon of blending of different senses, such as "seeing" sounds by LSD, is known as
synesthesia
In the context of the abuse potential of cannabis, research studies have found that
the selfadministration of cannabis is influenced by social factors
Match the type of receptors that THC and other cannabinoids bind to with their descriptions
CB1 RECEPTORS t hey are found throughout the body, but primarily in the brain CB2 RECEPTORS t hey are found mainly outside the brain in immune cells
Anticholinergic hallucinations affect the body by
Causing a considerable dilation of the pupils of the eyes
An attribute of CB1 receptors is that the
Cerebellum and hippocampus contain a large number of CB1 receptors
Malt helps in the production of alcoholic beverages by
Converting the starch in cereal grains into sugar
T h e m o s t p o t e n t o f t h e h a l l u c i n o g e n s i s
D-lysergic and diethylamide (LSD)
Identify the features of DMT
(1) It produces alterations of visual, authority, and tactile perception, and (2) It is the active ingredient in Cohoba snuff
Identify the attributes of anticholinergic hallucinogens
(1) They block the muscarinic cholinergic neurons, and (2) They are potent peripheral and central cholinergic blocking agents
Identify the alkaloids present in Datura
(1) tropine, (2) hoyscamine, and (3) scopolamine
Identify the consequences of a significant tax increase on alcoholic beverages by Congress in 1991
I. Beer tax doubled to $18 per barrel II. Tax on bottled wine increased sixfold to about 22 cents per bottle
Identify the personality factors that describe an alcoholic personality
I. Depressed II. Impulsive III. Passive
Arrange the steps involved in the production of light beers in the correct order
I. Mash of barley malt and other cereal grains is fermented at a cooler temperature for a longer time II. Alcohol content is adjusted by adding water III. A beverage with considerably less sugar and only a bit less alcohol is produced
Identify the diseases associated with immune deficits seen in chronic alcohol abusers
I. Pneumonia II. Cholera III. Tuberculosis
identify the cognitive effects displayed by infrequent marijuana users following acute administration of smoked marijuana
I. Slowed cognitive processing II. Loss of sustained concentration III. Disrupted inhibitory control
Acute administration of oral doses ranging from 0.045-0.315 mg/kg psilocybin dose dependently induces
Intense changes in mood, perception, and thought
An attribute of the S alvia divinorum plant is that it
Is known to induce mystical-type effects similar in magnitude to those seen with psilocybin
Identify a feature of ketamine
It can induce hallucinations and delirium in users
Identify a t rue statement a bout the pharmacology of LSD
It is metabolized in the liver and excreted as 2-oxy-lysergic acid diethylamide
Identify a t rue statement a bout LSD experience
2 hours after consuming LSD, changes in perception of oneself occurs
Generalized loss of brain tissue that results from direct alcohol toxicity is associated with____, a global decline of intellect
ALCOHOLIC DEMENTIA
With large enough doses of_____, a behavioral pattern develops that resembles toxic psychosis; there is delirium, mental confusion, loss of attention, drowsiness, and loss of memory for recent events a. Indole hallucinogens
Anticholinergic hallucinogens
An action of alcohol on the brain is to decrease the output of the____ responsible for retaining fluid in the body
Antidiuretic hormone
Match the types of champagnes with their features
BRUT = t he driest champagnes EXTRA DRY= s weet champagnes
Match the species of cannabis plants with their features
C ANNABIS SATIVA I t is primarily used for ITS FIBERS, from which hemp rope is made; it grows as a weed in the US and Canada CANNABIS INDICA I t is grown for its PSYCHOACTIVE RESINS; it is cultivated in most parts of the world CANNABIS RUDERALIS It grows primarily IN RUSSIA and not at all in America
was called STP (street talk was that it stood for serenity, tranquility, and peace) in the 1960's and 1970's
DOM
In the context of the early research conducted on LSD, a lot of the research focused on
Developing model of psychoses and accessing the subconscious mind
An attribute of psilocybin is that
Dried mushrooms contain 0.2-0.5 percent
Identify a factor that contributed to the decline in the use of LSD after the late 1960's
Prolonged psychotic reactions and worries about possible chromosome damage due to LSD
Alcohol taken with or after a meal is absorbed more slowly because the
Protein in the food retains the alcohol with it in the stomach
The primary active agent found in the most well-known psychoactive mushroom, Psilocybe mexicana, is
Psilocybin
Match the types of marijuana consumption with their characteristics
SMOKING -- peak mood-altering and CV effects occur together, usually within 5-10 minutes ORAL CONSUMPTION -- peak effects usually occur at about 90 minutes
Lurid accounts of medieval witches using belladonna are similar to accounts linking use of marijuana, LSD, or cocaine to
Sexual abandon and criminal violence
An effect of alcohol on hormonal systems is that it
Suppresses the production of the male sex hormone testosterone