Unit 18 Phys, Immune System Cells

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Dendritic cells

Actively phagocytic cells are the neutrophils, macrophages, and ___________________

Monocytes

Agranulocytes contain small granules that are not easily seen and include the following lymphocytes and _______________

Dendritic cells

Are specialized antigen presenting cells (APCs) that when activated present the antigens to lymphocytes to activate them. Other APCs include macrophages and B cells.

Differential white blood cell count

Blood test to determine the proportion of each type of leukocyte in a blood sample. -Because each type of white blood cell plays a different role, determining the percentage of each type in the blood assists in diagnosing the condition. Also called a Diff.

Histamine

Both basophils and mast cells bind to IgE antibodies which when activated cause these cells to release _____________________________ and heparin.

Monocytes

Fixed (tissue) macrophages are derived from _________________ and remain is a particular tissue; Example: alveolar macrophages, kupffer cells in liver, microglia

Leukocytes

General term for the type of cells of the immune system that are involved in protecting the body against both infectious disease and foreign invaders.

T lymphocytes

General term for the type of leukocytes responsible for cell-mediated immunity.

T lymphocytes

General term for the type of leukocytes that function to kill virus-infected and cancerous cells.

Antigen presenting cells (APCs)

Give the general term and abbreviation in parentheses for cells that process and present antigens to lymphocytes. Include macrophages, mast cells, and B cells.

Eosinophils

Granular leukocytes consist of neutrophils, basophils, and __________

Basophils

Granular leukocytes consist of neutrophils, eosinophils, and __________

Bands

Immature neutrophils are sometimes called _____________________

Pus

In infected tissue name of the thick whitish, yellowish, or greenish fluid that consists of dead neutrophils, macrophages, cell debris, and fluid

Granules

Leukocytes are divided into two categories based on their appearance of _____________ within their cytoplasm

Leukopoiesis

Leukocytes are formed in the red bone marrow by a process of ___________________

Agranulocytes

Name of the category of leukocytes that contain small granules that are not easily seen and include lymphocytes and monocytes

Granular leukocytes

Name the category of leukocytes based on their presence of granules that consist of neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils

Monocytes

Name the type of leukocytes that travel through the blood stream and when they move into tissue will enlarge and become macrophages.

PMNs

Neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils are all considered to be _______________ (give the abbreviation) that can be found circulating in the bloodstream. Note that sometimes neutrophils are also referred to this as an alternate name.

Basophils

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes, or PMNs, are a special family of white blood cells. The family includes immune cells known as neutrophils, eosinophils, and _____________________.

Erythrocyte

Scientific name for a RBC

Leukocyte

Scientific name for a WBC

Erythrocyte

Scientific name for the type of blood cells that contain hemoglobin.

Leukocyte

Scientific term for a white blood cell.

Leukopenia

Term for a low leukocyte count

Leukocytosis

Term for an elevated leukocyte count

Eosinophils

The fourth most common type of leukocyte in a normal blood sample.

Basophil

The least numerous type of leukocyte in a normal blood sample.

Neutrophil

The most numerous type of leukocyte

Diapedesis

The process of WBCs migrating across the endothelial lining of a capillary squeezing between adjacent endothelial cells

Lymphocytes

The second most common type of leukocyte in a normal blood sample.

Monocytes

The third most common type of leukocyte in a normal blood sample.

Megakaryocyte

The type of large bone marrow cell that forms platelets

Eosinophils

Type leukocyte that increase in number during an allergy attack

Monocyte

Type of agranular leukocyte with dark U or kidney-shaped nucleus.

Mast cells

Type of cells that are found in the connective tissue of skin, lungs, and the gastrointestinal tract have a similar function as basophils in that they can release histamine and heparin.

B lymphocyte

Type of leukocyte responsible for antibody-mediated or humoral immunity

Basophil

Type of leukocyte that circulate in the blood and have granules that contain histamine - a vasodilator and heparin - an anticoagulant

B lymphocyte

Type of leukocyte that differentiates into plasma cells and secrete antibodies (immunoglobulins)

Eosinophils

Type of leukocyte that help reduce the severity of allergy attacks by phagocytosing the immune complexes; kill parasites such as flatworms (tapeworms and flukes) and roundworms (pinworms and hookworms).

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes

Type of leukocyte that kill virus-infected and cancerous cells.

Eosinophils

Type of leukocyte that release cytotoxic enzymes during allergic reactions that contributes to inflammation but also reduce severity of allergy attacks by phagocytosing the immune complexes

Neutrophils

Type of leukocytes that can increase in number during an acute bacterial infection. These dead cells along with cell debris, and fluid can accumulate as pus at sites of infections

Monocytes

Type of leukocytes that migrate from blood into tissues where they enlarge and become macrophages that are active phagocytes.

Neutrophils

Type of leukocytes that phagocytose pathogens/cellular debris and secrete the protein lactoferrin, which binds with iron, making it unavailable for use by invading bacteria.

Monocytes

Wondering macrophages are derived from __________________ and roam tissues and gather at sites of infection and inflammation.

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes

___________________________________, or PMNs, are a special family of white blood cells that includes immune cells known as neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils. Note that sometimes neutrophils are also referred to this as an alternate name.


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