Ch 5 - Cardiovascular System Medical Terminology For Health Professions ed. 7
Pericardium
Double-walled membranous sac that encloses the heart.
Electrocardiogram
EKG, ECG
Automated External Defibrillation
Electronic equipment that externally shocks the heart to restore a normal cardiac rhythm.
Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia
Episode that begins and ends abruptly during which they are very rapid and regular heartbeats that originate in the atrium or in the AV node.
Angia
Episodes of severe chest pain due to inadequate blood flow to the myocardium.
Systemic Circulation
Includes the flow of blood to all parts of the body except the lungs.
Valvular Prolapse
Inflammation of a heart valve.
Valvulitis
Inflammation of a heart valve.
Phlebitis
Inflammation of a vein.
Carotid Endarterectmy
Surgical removal of the lining of a portion of a clogged carotid artery.
Thallium Stress Test
TST
Cardiomyopathy
All diseases of the heart.
Pulmonary Arteries
Carry deoxygenated blood out of the right ventricle and into the lungs.
Pulmonary Veins
Carry the oxygenated blood from the lungs into the left atrium of the heart.
Septicemia
Caused by the presence of bacteria in the blood, symptoms include fever, tachypnea, and tachycardia.
Thromb/o
Clot.
Fibrinogen
Clotting proteins found in plasma.
Asystole
Complete lack of electrical activity in the heart.
Hemolytic Anemia
Condition characterized by an inadequate number of circulating red blood cells due to their premature destruction by the spleen.
Thrombocytopenia
Condition in which there is an abnormally small number of platelets circulating in the blood.
Valvular Stenosis
Condition in which there is narrowing stiffening, thickening or blockage of one or more valves of the heart.
Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Condition in which venous circulation is inadequate due to partial vein blockage or leakage of venous valves.
Aplastic Anemia
Condition marked by the absence of all formed blood elements.
Ventricular Fibrillation
Consists of rapid, irregular, and useless contractions of the ventricles.
Tricuspid Valve
Controls the opening between the right atrium and right ventricle.
Coronary Thrombosis
Damage to the heart muscle caused by a thrombus blocking a coronary artery.
Leukopenia
Decrease in the number of white blood cells circulating in the blood.
Atheroma
Deposit of fatty plaque on or within the aerial wall.
Cardiac Catheterization
Diagnostic procedure in which a catheter is passed into a vein or an artery and guided into the heart.
Anemia
Disorder characterized by lower than normal levels of red blood cells in the blood.
Cardiac Catheterization
card cath, CC
Coronary Artery Disease
CAD
Arrhythmia
A loss of normal rhythm of the heartbeat.
-Crasia
A mixture or blending.
Chronic Venous Insufficiency
CVI
Ventricular Tachycardia
A very rapid heartbeat that begins within the ventricles.
Atrial Fibrillation
A-fib
Automated External Defibrillator
AED
Automated Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator
AICD
Heartbeat
Ability to pump blood effectively throughout the body.
Heart Murmur
Abnormal blowing or clicking sound heard when listening to the heart of a neighboring large blood vessels.
Thrombosis
Abnormal condition of having a thrombus.
Angiostenosis
Abnormal narrowing of a blood vessel.
Varicose Veins
Abnormally swollen veins usually occurring in the superficial veins of the legs.
Tachycardia
Abornomally rapid resting heartbeat usually at a rate of more than 100 beats per minute.
Bradycardia
An abnormally slow resting heart rate, usually at a rate of less than 60 beats per minute.
Cardiac Arrest
An event in which the heart abruptly stops beating or develops an arrhythmia that prevents it from pumping blood.
Pernicious Anemia
Anemia caused by a lack of protein that helps the body absorb vitamin B12 from the gastrointestinal tract.
Blood Dyscrasia
Any pathologic condition of the cellular elements of the blood.
Aort/o
Aorta.
Arteri/o
Artery.
Coronary Artery Disease
Atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries that reduces the blood supply to the heart muscle.
Hemangioma
Benign tumor made up of newly formed blood vessels.
Thrombotic Occlusion
Blocking of an artery by a thrombus.
Thrombus
Blood clot attached to the interior wall of an artery or vein.
Megaloblastic Anemia
Blood disorder characterized by anemia in which red blood cells are larger than normal.
Angi/o
Blood or lymph vessel.
-Emia
Blood, blood condition.
Hem/o, Hemat/o
Blood, relating to the blood.
Epicardium
External layer of the heart and the inner layer of the heart and inner layer of the pericardium.
Tachy-
Fast, rapid.
Cholesterol
Fatty substance that travels through the blood and is found in all parts of the body.
Pulmonary Circulation
Flow of blood only between the heart and lungs.
Embolus
Foreign object, such as a blood clot, quantity of gas or air, or a bit of tissue or tumor that is circulating in the blood.
Temporal Arteritis
Form of vasculitis with abnormally large cells. that can cause headache, visual impairment, or other symptoms.
Eosinophils
Formed in red bone marrow and then migrate to tissues throughout the body.
Basophils
Formed in red bone marrow, Least common type of WBC.
Neutrophils
Formed in red bone marrow, are the most common type of WBC.
Sickle Cell Anemia
Genetic disorder that causes abnormal hemoglobin, resulting in red blood cells that assume an abnormal sickle shape.
Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Group of bone marrow disorders that are characterized by the insufficient production of one or more types of blood cells due to dysfunction of the bone marrow.
Bundle of His
Group of fibers located within the inter ventricular septum.
Ischemic Heart Disease
Group or cardiac disabilities resulting from an insufficient supply of oxygenated blood to the heart.
Hypertension
HTN
Atherosclerosis
Hardening and narrowing of the arteries due to a build up of cholesterol plaque.
Cardi/o
Heart.
Lymphocytes
Identify foreign substances and germs.
Atrial Fibrillation
Occurs when the normal rhythmic contractions of the atria are placed by rapid, irregular twitching of the muscular heart wall.
Endocarditis
Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart.
Endocardium
Inner lining of the heart. Consists of epithelial tissue.
Arteries
Large blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to all regions of the body.
Aorta
Largest blood vessels in the body.
Aneurysm
Localized weak spot or balloon-ike enlargement of the wall of an artery.
Pulmonary Semilunar Valve
Located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery.
Orthostatic Hypotension
Low blood pressure that occurs upon standing.
Veins
Low-pressure collecting system to return oxygen-poor blood to the heart.
Myocardial Infarction
MI
Carotid Arteries
Major arteries that cary blood upward to the head.
Blood Pressure
Measurement of the amount of systolic and diastolic pressure exerted against the walls of the arteries.
Angioplasty
Mechanically widening or narrowed or obstructed blood vessel.
Thrombolytic
Medication that dissolves or causes a thrombus to break up.
Anticoagulant
Medication that slows coagulation and prevents new clots from forming.
Diuretic
Medications administered to increase urine secretion to rid the body of excess salt and water.
Beta-blocker
Medications administered to reduce the workload of the heart by slowing the heartbeat.
ACE Inhibitor
Medications administered to treat hypertension and congestive heart failure.
Myocardium
Middle and thickest of the heart's three layers.
Myocardial Infarction
Occlusion of one or more coronary arteries caused by the plaque build up.
Hemoglobin
Oxygen carrying blood protein pigment of the erythrocytes.
Peripheral Artery Disease
PAD
Peripheral Vascular Disease
PVD
Thallium Stress Test
Performed to to evaluate blood flow to the heart during exercise by injecting a small amount of thallium into the blood.
Raynaud's Disease
Peripheral arterial occlusive disease in which intermittent attacks are triggered by cold or stress.
Cardiovascular
Pertaining to the heart and blood vessels.
Ather/o
Plaque, fatty substance.
Serum
Plasma fluid after the blood cells and the clotting proteins have been removed.
Monocytes
Provide immunological defenses against many infectious organisms.
Atrial Fibrillation
Rapid irregular twitching of the muscular wall of the atria.
Electrocardiogram
Record of the electrical activity of the myocardium.
Erythrocytes
Red blood cells.
Erythr/o
Red.
Sudden Cardiac Death
Results when treatment of cardiac arrest is not provided within a few minutes.
Transfusion Reaction
Serious and potentially fatal complication of a blood transfusion in which a severe immune response occurs because the patient's blood and the donated blood do not match.
Brady-
Slow.
Arterioles
Smaller thinner branches of arteries that deliver blood to the capillaries.
Capillaries
Smallest blood vessels in the body.
Venules
Smallest veins that join to form the larger veins.
Purkinje Fibers
Specialized conductive fibers located within the walls of the ventricles.
Hematologist
Specializes in diagnosing and treating abnormalities, diseases, and disorders of the blood and blood forming tissues.
Cardiologist
Specializes in diagnosing and treating abnormalities, diseases, and disorders of the heart.
Vascular Surgeon
Specializes in the diagnosis, medical management, and surgical treatment of disorders of the blood vessels.
Plasma
Straw-colored fluid that contains nutrients, hormones, and waste products.
Congenital Heart Defects
Structural abnormalities caused by the failure of the heart to develop normally before birth.
Embolism
Sudden blockage of a blood vessel by an embolus:
Coronary Arteries
Supply oxygen-rich blood to the myocardium.
Atherectomy
Surgical removal of plaque build up from the interior lining of the an artery.
Hemostasis
To stop or control bleeding.
Venae Cavae
Two largest veins in the body.
Ventricles
Two lower chambers of the heart.
Atria
Two upper chambers of the chart.
Leukemia
Type of cancer characterized by a progressive increase in the abnormal white blood cells found in blood-forming tissues, other organs, and in the circulating blood.
Defibrillation
Use of electrical shock to restore the heart's normal rhythm.
Ventricular Fibrillation
V-fib
Phleb/o
Vein.
Ven/o
Vein.
Ventricular Tachycardia
Very rapid heartbeat that begins within the ventricles.
Leukocytes
White blood cells.
Leuk/o
White.
Tissue Plasminogen Activator
tPA