Chapter 14 Overview
A person high ____________ in narcissism views himself as superior, unique, and entitled.
grandiose
The contemporary psychodynamic approach to OCPD adds what focus to the Freudian concepts? Choose all that apply.
* Cognitive factors * Prior learning
Which of the following are psychodynamic explanations of narcissistic personality disorder? Choose all that apply.
* Current psychodynamic theorists see it as a failure to form an integrated sense of self. * It was once seen as a failure to progress beyond the early psychosexual stages
According to the cognitive-behavioral perspective, what is the progression of the development of avoidant personality disorder? Place the following in order:
1. Hypersensitivity to shame 2. Misinterpreting neutral or positive remarks 3. Feeling hurt because of the misinterpretation 4. Retreating inward 5. Placing further distance between self and others
Researchers found what percentage of people diagnosed with borderline personality disorder free of symptoms after 10 years?
85%
What is emotional dysregulation?
An inability to regulate emotion
Elton has some long-standing inflexible traits that have caused him to be diagnosed with a personality disorder. He is involved in the legal system but says he intends to outsmart all the fancy lawyers; he is impulsive, lies to and manipulates others; and has no remorse for such actions. Which is the most likely personality disorder he has been diagnosed with?
Antisocial personality disorder
Emily has been hospitalized and diagnosed with a personality disorder. Her sister tells the clinician that Emily spends all her time "pestering" family members and is moody, demanding, and reckless. She talks continuously about not knowing what to do in her life. When Emily is interviewed, she tells the clinician that she feels empty all the time. Which of the following disorders is Emily's most likely diagnosis?
Borderline personality disorder
The personality disorders which focus on behaviors which are dramatic, emotional, or erratic are _______.
Cluster B personality disorders
______________ behavior therapy (DBT) was developed by Marsha Linehan for use with people diagnosed with BPD.
Dialectical
Dr. Allison is a cognitive-behavioral therapist treating Anna for avoidant personality disorder. Which of the following treatment techniques would Dr. Allison be most likely to use?
Graduated exposure Relationship training Skills training
People with Cluster B personality disorders exhibit which of the following characteristics? Choose all that apply.
Inflated self-importance Impulsivity High desire to seek stimulation
Alicia has been diagnosed with an antisocial personality disorder. Which of the following might be some of her symptoms?
Lack of remorse or regret Manipulativeness Failure to conform to social norms
Adam believes he is exceptional, should be treated as special, and is entitled to a promotion at work. He spends a considerable amount of time creating the right impression with people. His boss is getting a little tired of Adam's attempts to gain his approval and the approval of his coworkers. Adam saw a clinician several weeks ago and was diagnosed with a personality disorder. Which one is most likely?
Narcissistic personality disorder
Research suggests that those with dependent personality disorder have an extremely high level of _______.
agreeableness
Shelley's roommate wonders why she never accepts any social invitations. The roommate has also noticed that Shelley is sensitive to rejection and often interprets innocent remarks as ridicule. The roommate knows Shelley has recently seen a psychologist and been diagnosed with
avoidant personality disorder.
In the alternative personality disorder diagnostic system defined in Section 3 of the DSM-5, the number of personality disorder categories has been
decreased.
A personality _______________ may diagnosed when people become rigidly fixed on one particular trait or set of traits.
disorder
People who are perfectionistic, define themselves by their accomplishments, have difficulty completing tasks because they find flaws in their work, set unrealistic standards for themselves, and can be overly moralistic would probably be diagnosed with ______.
obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
Cluster A of the personality disorders of the DSM-5 is the
odd, eccentric cluster.
A person with a diagnosis of ___________ personality disorder may be extremely suspicious of others and always on guard against potential danger or harm.
paranoid
A client is diagnosed with ______ personality disorder because she has odd, eccentric ideas and a confusing and distorted sense of self. She also has difficulty understanding the motivations and behaviors of others, and her personality traits fall along the extremely maladaptive end of the psychoticism dimension.
schizotypal
The term parasuicide describes
suicidal gestures.
Which of the following is true in regard to gender differences in the diagnosis of borderline personality disorder?
Men and women are equally diagnosed.
What are the goals of dialectical behavior therapy? Choose all that apply.
* Increase the client's ability to handle emotional stress * Reduce the frequency of the client's self-destructive acts
DSM-5 diagnostic criteria require that a person's behavior patterns must fit at least two of which of the following areas in order to receive a diagnosis of a personality disorder?
* Interpersonal functioning * Impulse control * Affectivity * Cognition
Which of the following are features of schizoid personality disorder?
* Lack of sexual involvement * Limited range of emotional expression
Which of the following are features of people with dependent personality disorder? Choose all that apply.
* Passivity and agreeing with others * Clinging behaviors * When alone feel despondent and abandoned.
Which of the following are features of a cognitive-behavioral approach to obsessive-compulsive personality disorder? Choose all that apply.
* There are unrealistic ideas of perfection. * The ideal must be achieved. * Feelings of self-worth depend on perfection.
Which of the following symptoms are more typical for women than for men diagnosed with borderline personality disorder? Choose all that apply.
* They have higher rates of eating disorders. * They have higher rates of mood and anxiety disorders
Which of the following are features of people with diagnoses of histrionic personality disorders? Choose all that apply.
* They like to be the center of attention. * They are often flirtatious or seductive. * They may behave theatrically.
A diagnosis of borderline personality disorder involves which of the following behaviors? Choose all that apply.
* Unstable and intense relationships * Difficulty controlling anger * Chronic feelings of emptiness
Which of the following are features of the cognitive-behavioral approach to treating a person with a diagnosis of avoidant personality disorder?
* Using graduated exposure to social interaction. * Teaching clients to articulate the automatic thoughts and dysfunctional attitudes that interfere with establishing relationships.
obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
A disorder in which there are obsessive thoughts and then compulsive behavior.
Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
A disorder that involves rigidity and perfectionism.
Which of the following is true? 1) A first diagnosis of BPD in childhood or adolescence has the worst long-term consequences. 2) A first diagnosis of BPD in old age has the worst long-term consequences. 3)A first diagnosis of BPD in adulthood has the worst long-term consequences.
A first diagnosis of BPD in childhood or adolescence has the worst long-term consequences.
The personality disorder categories of paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal fall into which cluster of the DSM-5?
Cluster A
Which of the following are features of schizotypal personality disorder? Choose all that apply.
Difficulty forming accurate perceptions and cognitions Restricted affect Eccentric ideas Unusual beliefs and experiences
A diagnosis of _____________ personality disorder in the DSM-5 describes a person whose behavior revolves around the seeking of attention, usually in a "theatrical" way, wanting to be on stage, admired, and praised.
Histrionic
Which best summarizes the cognitive-behavioral perspective on the causes of avoidant personality disorder?
Hypersensitivity to shame
A person diagnosed with which of the following disorders is usually seen by others as rigid and stubborn?
Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
Mareka has recently been diagnosed with a personality disorder. Her therapist asks her about how things are going in her life, and Mareka says her neighbor is trying to make trouble for her, her ex-husband is trying to get custody of their children, her employer is looking for an excuse to fire her, her boyfriend is probably cheating on her, and her coworkers are out to get her. Mareka likely has which type of personality disorder?
Paranoid
True or false: The symptoms of those diagnosed with borderline personality disorder improve over time.
True
A person with a diagnosis of _________________ personality disorder tends to be clinging and passive and must rely on others to make decisions.
dependent
Instead of categorical ratings, the alternative system for diagnosing personality disorders, which is being offered on a trial basis in Section 3 of the DSM-5, uses _______ ratings.
dimensional
A personality _______ is an ingrained way of relating to other people, situations, and events, characterized by a rigid and maladaptive pattern of inner experience and behavior.
disorder
Abby's therapist and Abby have developed a hierarchy of social situations that range from not very threatening to very threatening. The therapist's strategy is to start with the least threatening and work up to assist Abby in not being so sensitive to rejection, to improve Abby's sense of unworthiness, and to assist her in having more relationships with others. This is a description of using _____ _____ to treat Abby's diagnosis of avoidant personality disorder.
graduated exposure
Professor Taylor explains to his Abnormal Psychology class that a person with a diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder has not progressed from or is constantly returning to the anal stage of psychosexual development. This is a ______ perspective.
historic psychodynamic
Each of the following are long-term negative consequences of BPD except : 1) financial impairment. 2) work impairment. 3) social impairment. 4) intellectual impairment.
intellectual impairment.
Dr. Fraser says that narcissism is the person's failure to progress beyond the early, highly self-focused stages of psychosexual development. Dr. Fraser is reflecting the
psychodynamic perspective.
A person with a diagnosis of _____________ personality disorder might prefer to work in an isolated situation away from others.
schizoid
Marie has a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder. When she first saw her therapist, she immediately liked her, talked about her to everyone, and could not wait for her next session. When the therapist advised her that she would be relocating and it would be necessary to transfer her to a different therapist, Marie flew into a rage and told the therapist that she hated her and hoped she died. This is an example of
splitting.
A personality ______________ is an enduring pattern of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and others, a pattern that characterizes the majority of a person's interactions and experiences.
trait
Those people with _______ have an internally weak sense of self and can become despondent when they feel someone is humiliating or betraying them.
vulnerable narcissism
