Art Appreciation Final
Absolutism
Absolute
the degree to which an image is altered from an easily recognizable subject
Abstraction
structures, usually curved, that span an opening
Arches
illusionistic
Illusionism
representation of a thing, or an abstract quality, such as "freedom," as a person or in human form
Personification
a single photographic image that combines (digitally or using multiple film exposures) several separate images
Photomontage
English art movement formed in 1848 by painters who rejected the academic rules of art, and often painted medieval subjects
Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood
nineteenth-century artistic style that aimed to depict nature and everyday subjects in an unidealized manner; "Realism" is also used to describe a historical movement from the same period, which tried to achieve social change by highlighting, in art and literature, the predicament of the poor
Realism
a period of cultural and artistic change in Europe from the fourteenth to the seventeenth century
Renaissance
the regular or ordered repetition of elements in the work
Rhythm
a social gathering for writers, artists, and musicians, usually hosted by wealthy and influential women
Salon
Which of the following influenced Degas's Blue Dancers? a)Chinese performance b)Korean food c)architectural design d)Japanese art e)African art
d)Japanese art
Match the term with its definition: bird's-eye view a)Painting outdoors b)End of the century c)Application of thick paint d)Seen from above e)Forms derived from living organisms
d)Seen from above
the former Czech Kingdom of Bohemia who moved around; a wanderer; an artist or writer who functions outside the bounds of conventional rules and practices
Bohemian
a printmaking technique where the artist (the engraver) gouges or scratches the image into the surface of the printing plate
Engraving
an intellectual movement in eighteenth-century Europe that argued for science, reason, and individualism, and against tradition, and a time in which there was a movement to secure equal rights for all men
Enlightenment
early twentieth-century art movement that emphasized bold, exaggerated colors and simplified forms to favor creative expression over accuracy
Fauvism
an object that can be defined in three dimensions (height, width, and depth)
Form
an image or art object found by an artist and presented, with little or no alteration, as part of a work or as a finished work of art in itself
Found image or object
categories of artistic subject matter, often with strongly influential histories and traditions
Genre
a unique ratio of a line divided into two parts so that a + b is to a as a is to b. The result is 1:1.618
Golden Section
the surface or background onto which an artist paints or draws
Ground
having massive or impressive scale
Monumental
an artwork that tells a story
Narrative
naturalistic
Naturalism
art that does not depict a recognizable subject
Non-objective
a round opening at the center of a dome
Oculus
having irregular forms and shapes, as though derived from living organisms
Organic
an organization or individual who sponsors the creation of works of art
Patron
the triangular space, situated above the row of columns, on the facade of a building in the Classical style
Pediment
three basic colors from which all others are derived
Primary colors
a picture reproduced on paper, often in multiple copies
an everyday object presented as a work of art
Readymade
movement in nineteenth-century European culture, concerned with the power of the imagination and greatly valuing intense feeling
Romanticism
a portrait or figure represented in outline and solidly colored in
Silhouette
person who poses; for an artist to paint, sculpt, or photograph (See Chapter 3.7, page 509)
Sitter
a rough preliminary version of a work or part of a work
Sketch
feeling of awe or terror, provoked by the experience of limitless nature and the awareness of the smallness of an individual
Sublime
Piet Mondrian was a founder of which movement? a)Constructivism b)Suprematism c)Cubism d)De Stijl e)Minimalism
d)De Stijl
Fragonard's The Swing depicts: a)a competition between two boys for a girl's attention b)an allegory of the victory of the French Republican party c)none of the other answers d)a flirtation between two young lovers e)an environmental message showing the grandeur of nature
d)a flirtation between two young lovers
Vincent van Gogh's Starry Night was painted while the artist was: a)in Tahiti b)at church c) at his estate d)in an asylum e)in prison
d)in an asylum
The subject of Eugène Delacroix's Liberty Leading the People is ________. a)the building of the Statue of Liberty b)the American Revolution c)none of the other answers d)the July Revolution of 1830 in France e)Joan of Arc in battle
d)the July Revolution of 1830 in France
an artwork the form of which is simplified, distorted, or exaggerated in appearance. It may represent a recognizable form that has been slightly altered, or it may be a completely non-representational depiction
Abstract
artwork made of three-dimensional materials, including found objects
Assemblage
a type of design in which balance is achieved by elements that contrast and complement one another without being the same on either side of an axis
Asymmetry
early twentieth-century emphasis on artistic innovation, which challenged accepted values, traditions, and techniques
Avant-garde
European artistic and architectural style of the late sixteenth to early eighteenth century, characterized by extravagance and emotional intensity
Baroque
ancient Greek and Roman; art that conforms to Greek and Roman models, or is based on rational construction and emotional equilibrium
Classical
a work of art assembled by gluing materials, often paper, onto a surface. From the French coller, to glue
Collage
representation of a subject from multiple viewpoints at one time
Composite view
artwork in which the ideas are most important to the work
Conceptual art
Cubist
Cubism
a group of artists originating in the Netherlands in the early twentieth century, associated with a utopian style of design that emphasized primary colors and straight lines
De Stijl
German Expressionist movement (1911 - 14) in Munich; used abstract forms to suggest spiritual content as a contrast to the corruption and materialism of the times
Der Blaue Reiter
German Expressionist movement of artists and printmakers formed in Dresden (1905 - 13) with the aim to defy anything Classical and to use art as a bridge between the past, present, and a utopian future
Die Brücke
an evenly curved vault forming the ceiling or roof of a building
Dome
represented as perfect in form or character, corresponding to an ideal
Idealized
a line not actually drawn but suggested by elements in the work
Implied line
art, usually three-dimensional, with moving parts, impelled by wind, personal interaction, or motors
Kinetic art
Henry Ossawa Tanner was influenced by ________. a)Gustave Courbet b)none of the other answers c)Francisco Goya d)Frederic Edwin Church e)Rococo architecture
a)Gustave Courbet
Match the term with its definition: en plein air a)Painting outdoors b)End of the century c)Application of thick paint d)Seen from above e)Forms derived from living organisms
a)Painting outdoors
Which of the following influenced the art made from 1700 to 1865? a)all of the other answers b)revolutions in France and America c)industrialization d)the Enlightenment e) the Age of Reason
a)all of the other answers
Fin de siècle, French for "end of the century," refers to the art of the: a)end of the nineteenth century b)end of the seventeenth century c)end of the twentieth century d)end of the eighteenth century e)Each answer shown is correct
a)end of the nineteenth century
In the French Academy, which type of painting was considered to be the finest in the hierarchy of genres? a)historical or mythological b)landscape c)none of these genres d)portraiture e)still life
a)historical or mythological
Which painting was included in the first Salon des Refusés (Salon of the Rejected)? a)Édouard Manet's Le Déjeuner sur l'Herbe (Luncheon on the Grass) b)Jean-Honoré Fragonard's The Swing c)all of these paintings were in this exhibition d)Vincent van Gogh's Starry Night e)Jacques-Louis David's The Oath of the Horatii
a)Édouard Manet's Le Déjeuner sur l'Herbe (Luncheon on the Grass)
The following is true of the art movement Dada: a)it began in Switzerland b)Each answer shown is correct c)it emphasized chance and irrationality d)the name was chosen at random from the dictionary e)it was anti-art, and refused to call itself a movement
b)Each answer shown is correct
Match the term with its definition: fin de siècle a)Painting outdoors b)End of the century c)Application of thick paint d)Seen from above e)Forms derived from living organisms
b)End of the century
Where is the Hall of Mirrors? a)the Louvre b)Versailles c)Vierzehnheiligen d)Monticello e)the Musée d'Orsay
b)Versailles
Expressionist artists tried to depict what they ________ rather than what they ________. a)smelled . . . saw b)felt . . . saw c)saw . . . felt d)heard . . . saw e)touched . . . heard
b)felt . . . saw
New North American cities in the late eighteenth century chose neoclassicism as their architectural style because: a)it was the only style of architecture that could withstand the climate b)it represented the ideals to which they aspired c)Thomas Jefferson made it law d)it seemed exciting and exotic e)none of the other answers
b)it represented the ideals to which they aspired
Vasily Kandinsky's Improvisation #30 (Cannons) was inspired by ________. a)thoughts of all the future wars that might occur b)talk of war just before World War I began c)the bombing of the Twin Towers on September 11 d)the desire to wreak havoc on all of the institutions of the art world e)cannons firing during World War II
b)talk of war just before World War I began
The Hudson River School painted ________. a)portraits of New York artists b)New York City c)American landscapes d)none of the other answers e)still lifes
c)American landscapes
Match the term with its definition: impasto a)Painting outdoors b)End of the century c)Application of thick paint d)Seen from above e)Forms derived from living organisms
c)Application of thick paint
Where is Vierzehnheiligen located? a)America b) Italy c)Germany d)Mexico e)France
c)Germany
Late nineteenth-century painters who conveyed the sensations of the modern city and the effects of light are called: a)Surrealists b)Symbolists c)Impressionists d)Post-Impressionists e)Imagists
c)Impressionists
Surrealist artists used techniques that the psychologist ________ had originally pioneered to access his patients' unconscious minds. a)Alfred Kinsey b)Salvador Dalí c)Sigmund Freud d)None of the answers shown e)Lucian Freud
c)Sigmund Freud
The Dada performance of "Karawane" was: a)a lazy attempt to make an artwork by reciting poetry b)a serious elegy on the death and destruction of the war c)a lively, theatrical performance of nonsense words and sounds d)a harsh indictment of hatred, injustice, and oppression e)none of the other answers
c)a lively, theatrical performance of nonsense words and sounds
Les Demoiselles d'Avignon was revolutionary because: a)the space of the background and foreground meld together b)it is not a naturalistic re-creation of the way we see the world c)all of the other answers d) it shows frontal and profile views at the same time e)it includes simplified forms and bodies as geometric shapes
c)all of the other answers
Neoclassical paintings, such as those by Jacques-Louis David and Angelica Kauffmann, ________. a)place an emphasis on civic duty b)convey a moral message c)all of the other answers d)are serious in tone e)are inspired by ancient Greece and Rome
c)all of the other answers
The colors of Henri Matisse's Joy of Life were intended to: a) appear random and chaotic b)confuse the viewer c)express emotions d)look very naturalistic e)make a political statement
c)express emotions
Which of the following tools or materials was the main one Matisse used to make his cutouts? a)charcoal b)hair clippers c)scissors d)oil paint e)masking tape
c)scissors
People of all ages were included in Eugène Delacroix's Liberty Leading the People in order to: a)be politically correct at the time it was created b)please its patron c)show the sacrifice made by the entire community d)illustrate that war has no age e)appeal and directly relate to all viewers
c)show the sacrifice made by the entire community
Artists in the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood were inspired by works from ________. a)Egypt b)Classical Greece and Rome c)the Middle Ages d)the Rococo period e) the Northern Renaissance
c)the Middle Ages
Jacques-Louis David's Oath of the Horatii depicts: a)three women who plot to overthrow their father b)three men being sworn into the Roman Senate c)three brothers who vow to fight for Rome d)three men entering the priesthood e)three brothers who conspire to overthrow Caesar
c)three brothers who vow to fight for Rome
What common characteristics do artworks influenced by the movement of Cubism share? a)they are bright and shiny b)they are made using photography c)there are no artworks influenced by Cubism d)they feature many abstract shapes e)they have very detailed realistic forms
d)they feature many abstract shapes
The artist of Unique Forms of Continuity in Space ________ the art movements and traditions of the past. a)directly followed b)none of the other answers c)revered d)wanted to leave behind e)wanted to improve
d)wanted to leave behind
Alexandre Cabanel's Birth of Venus is an example of a(n) ________ painting. a)none of the other answers b)Impressionist c)Cubist d)Renaissance e)Academic
e)Academic
Neoclassicism recalls subject matter and imagery from which culture(s)? a)Renaissance b)Gothic Germany c)None of the answers shown d)Mesopotamia e)Ancient Greece and Rome
e)Ancient Greece and Rome
Match the term with its definition: organic a)Painting outdoors b)End of the century c)Application of thick paint d)Seen from above e)Forms derived from living organisms
e)Forms derived from living organisms
Which artist shocked critics by creating a painting of poor workers on large-sized canvas? a)Thomas Cole b)Frederic Edwin Church c)Édouard Manet d)Gustave Caillebotte e)Gustave Courbet
e)Gustave Courbet
Who called himself the Sun King? a)Napoleon III b)Napoleon Bonaparte c)none of the other answers d)Claude Monet e)Louis XIV
e)Louis XIV
Balthasar Neumann's Basilica of Vierzehnheiligen is an artwork that exemplifies: a)Symbolism b)Art Nouveau c)Neoclassicism d)Romanticism e)Rococo
e)Rococo
The nineteenth-century European art movement that was concerned with the power of the imagination and that greatly valued intense feelings is called: a)Ionic b)Neoclassicism c)Baroque d)Academic Painting e)Romanticism
e)Romanticism
Kazimir Malevich was part of which movement? a)Cubism b)Constructivism c)Minimalism d)De Stijl e)Suprematism
e)Suprematism
In Eugène Delacroix's Liberty Leading the People, Liberty is ________. a)none of the other answers b)a real woman who led the uprising c)the painter's wife d)a Roman goddess e)a symbol of freedom
e)a symbol of freedom
What innovation in art was Marcel Duchamp not responsible for? a)none of the other answers b)kinetic sculptures c)readymades d)conceptual art e)photomontage
e)photomontage
Salons, such as the one depicted in Pietro Martini's print of 1785, were visited by: a)royalty only b)none of the other answers c)critics only d)academy painters only e)public, painters, and critics
e)public, painters, and critics