Chapter 11 A&P2 Part 3

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inflammation of the middle layer of the heart is known as:

myocarditis

which of these layers "does the heart's work"?

myocardium

which of the following accurately describes cardiac output?

none of these are correct

all of the following happen to the cardiovascular system as a result of aging and hypertension except:

none of these are correct. they all happen to the cardiovascular system as a result of aging and hypertension

inflammation of the pericardium is known as:

pericarditis

an example of angeogenesis is:

persistent build up of metabolic waste, causing new vessel growth to increase blood flow

which of the following chemicals does NOT have a positive chronotropic effect?

potassium

the right side of the heart produces_____circulation:

pulmonary

the primary symptom of congestive heart failure is:

pulmonary congestion

which term describes the fact that the heart must pump out the amount of blood it receives?

Frank-Starling law of the heart

given that Norm has a pulse of 136 beats/min and a stroke volume of 80 mL/beat when he works out, what else is true?

Norm's cardiac output is over 10 L/min

the most common cause of right-sided heart failure is:

left-sided heart failure

during right-sided heart failure, blood cannot reach what organ for oxygenation?

lungs

how many chambers does the heart have?

4

which of the following is NOT a wave on an ECG?

Z

when the atria of the heart contracts:

al of these are correct: blood enters ventricles, ventricles are relaxing, and tricuspid valve opens

which of the following are factors that influence the heart rate?

all of these are correct: function of the medulla oblongata in the brain, parasympathetic innervation, and temperature of the body

what conditions my cause left-sided heart failure?

all of these: chronic coronary heart disease, hypertension, and diabetes

a cardiac cycle is one complete:

all of these: contraction, diastole, and relaxation

which of the following is NOT a medication commonly prescribed for right-sided heart failure?

all of these: diuretics, digoxin, and ACE inhibitors

treatment for heart failure involves which of the following?

all of these: surgery, medication, and changes in life style

which of the following describes an arrythmia?

an irregular heart rate and abnormal heart rhythm

what cardiac disorder is characterized by heaviness or pain in the chest caused by a temporary or reversible myocardial ischemia?

angina pectoric

which of the following is NOT a medication commonly prescribed for heart failure?

antibiotics

what is the correct sequence of vessels that blood travels as it leaves the heart?

aorta, arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins, and venae cavae

which of the following statements accurately describes vessel anatomy?

arteries carry blood away from the heart to the capillaries

what are the upper chambers of the heart called?

atrias

what structure carries the electrical impulse from the AV node toward the apex of the heart?

atrioventricular bundle

the atrioventricular valve is also known as the:

bicuspid valve and tricuspid valve

the buildup of excessive fluid within the pericardium is called:

cardiac tamponade

disease of the heart muscle is know as:

cardiomyopathy

disease of the heart muscle is known as:

cardiomyopathy

the pH carbon dioxide and oxygen in the blood are monitored by:

chemoreceptors

left-sided heart failure is also known as:

congestive heart failure

right-sided heart failure caused by pulmonary disorders is called:

cor pulmonale

in right-sided heart failure, the right ventricle cannot push what kind of blood out of the heart?

deoxygenated

the QRS complex of the electrical activity of the heart represents:

depolarization of the ventricles

what is the term used to describe difficulty breathing?

dyspnea

inflammation of the inner layer of the heart is:

endocarditis

what is the term for inflammation of the lining of the heart?

endocarditis

inflammation of the outer layer of the heart is known as:

epicarditis

which of the following is NOT a factor in how resistance affects blood flow?

force of the ventricular contraction

built-up blood in the liver's tissues leads to:

hepatomegaly

left-sided heart failure causes hypertrophy or a(n)___in cardiac muscle:

increase

which of the following is a factor in the local control of blood pressure?

inflammation

how is cardiac muscle specialized to avoid fatigue

it can use a variety of fuels

which statement is FALSE regarding how the structure of the myocardium relates to its function?

it has myocytes with intercalated disks to insulate electrical messages

which of the following best describes the interventricular septum?

it is the wall that seperates the left from the right ventricles of the heart

in left-sided heart failure the left ventricle is unable to sufficiently accommodate oxygenated blood entering from the:

left atrium

the chambers of the heart that contain oxygenated blood are the:

left atrium and left ventricle

which of the following is NOT considered one of the mechanisms that aids in venous return?

pulse pressure

excessive urination at night is called:

renal calculi

what condition may occur secondary to right-sided heart failure?

renal impairment

blood enters into what structure in the heart from the superior and interior venae cavae?

right atrium

if Courtney has a blood pressure of 130/88 mmHg, what else is true?

she is hypertensive

which of the following is the natural or primary pacemaker?

sinoatrial node

which statement does NOT describe how blood is returned to the heart?

smooth muscles massage the veins

which of the following diagnostic tests is used to assess the function of the heart during physical activity?

stress test

the left side of the heart produces____circulation:

systemic

what is the term used to describe rapid breathing?

tachypnea

which of the following happens during atrial systole?

the atria depolarize and contract together, creating decreased volume and higher pressure in the atria than in ventricles

which of the following statements accurately describes the location of or blood flow for the vessel?

the hepatic portal vein lies between two capillary beds

which of the following statements accurately matches the cardiac structure to its description of function?

the mitral valve is on the left side of the heart

as Nick and Kate exercise, which of the following happen?

they experience increased venous return to the heart

what medication is given to break up clots and restore blood flow?

tissue plasminogen activator

what is the anatomy of blood vessels?

veins and arteries have three tunics

effects of aging on the cardiovascular system cause:

vessels to thicken and become less elastic


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