Chrystal's Psychology Study Plan
fundamental attribution error
Mrs. Parker visits a neighbor's home for the first time. The house is cluttered and poorly kept. Mrs. Parker does not consider that her neighbor may be juggling two jobs, a lengthy commute, and the demands of childcare. Instead, she simply concludes that her neighbor is a slob. Mrs. Parker is illustrating the:
B
Nick is typically relaxed, patient with others, and has few difficulties dealing with stress in his life. Nick has a typical Type _____ personality.
proximity
One is more likely to fall for the girl or boy "around the corner," rather than the girl or boy across town. This example supports the role of _____ in interpersonal attraction.
just-world hypothesis
People are often surprised when bad things happen to good people. This reaction BEST supports the:
attributions
People develop _____ when they generate an explanation for human behaviors and characteristics, as well as situations.
foot-in-the-door
People may be more willing to grant a large favor if they have already granted a smaller one. This phenomenon is known as the _____ technique.
external
People reflect the self-serving bias when they make _____ attributions for their failures.
internal
People reflect the self-serving bias when they make _____ attributions for their own successes.
obsessive-compulsive
People who suffer from _____ disorder are so preoccupied by unwanted repetitive thoughts and/or actions that they are unable to function in their daily lives.
prejudice; discrimination
Racist attitudes are an example of _____, while negative treatment toward others based on race is an example of _____.
reciprocal altruism
Sid believes in the idea of "paying it forward", meaning that if he helps someone now then he will receive help when he needs it in the future. This follows the _____ explanation for helping behavior.
attributions and attitudes.
Social cognition includes the study of:
compulsion
Stan is focused on cleaning his home, which he does for several hours each day. In particular, the fringe on his rugs must be straight on both sides in all five rooms. This takes considerable time, and Stan often repeats his rug-straightening behavior 10 to 12 times each day. This behavior is an example of a(n):
proximity
Sternberg's triangular model of love does NOT include:
integration
Tacitus has moved from Norway to Japan. He has adopted some elements of the Japanese culture but still holds on to his Norwegian heritage and is proud to discuss his culture with those who are interested. In this example Tacitus is demonstrating:
depression
The "3 Ds" of psychological abnormality do NOT include:
150
The DSM-5 lists about _____ disorders.
approach-avoidance
The _____ conflict is when you face a choice or situation that has both favorable and unfavorable characteristics.
rest and digest
The activity of our _____ response helps us overcome a stressful situation once the emergency has ended.
fight or flight
The activity of our _____ response to stressful situations is the result of a coordinated effort of the sympathetic nervous system and endocrine system.
parasympathetic system
The activity of our _____ system helps us overcome a stressful situation once the emergency has ended by decreasing our heart rate and blood pressure.
narcissistic
The hallmark of _____ personality disorder is an exaggerated sense of self-importance.
social psychology
The study of human cognition, emotion, and behavior in relation to others is called:
panic disorder
The symptoms of _____ resemble those of a heart attack.
the bystander effect
The tendency for people to avoid helping in an emergency is called:
cognitive dissonance
The tension that results when a behavior contradicts with an attitude is known as:
stressor; stress
The term "_____" refers to a specific stimulus, whereas the term "_____" refers to an individual's response to it.
money
The top source of stress is:
posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Ben is a firefighter who is constantly exposed to deadly situations. After a recent house fire where he was unable to rescue a woman before the building collapsed, Ben has experienced disturbing nightmares and flashbacks, along with feeling extremely hot and having difficulty breathing. Ben is MOST likely experiencing:
just-world hypothesis
Blaming a victim for the crime, such as blaming rape victims for how they dressed or acted, is due to the:
major depressive disorder
Carrie has had trouble sleeping for the past 2 weeks. She has no energy and feels "blue." Carrie may be suffering from:
autism spectrum
Cassandra is a child who has difficulty communicating and interacting with other people. She often exhibits repetitive patterns of behavior such as rocking or making loud noises. When she finds a topic or activity that she is interested in, it is hard to get her to stop focusing on it. Cassandra suffers from _____ disorder.
voluntary changes in one's behavior at the request of an individual without true authority
Compliance refers to:
Commitment
Consummate love = Romantic love + _____.
mostly genetic
Contemporary psychologists believe that the origin of schizophrenia is:
generalized anxiety disorder
Darren is always worried and uneasy. He also suffers from tension headaches and muscular stiffness. Darren may suffer from:
the bystander effect
Diffusion of responsibility may help explain:
negative
Elise has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. She has recently demonstrated significant social withdrawal symptoms. This is a _____ symptom of schizophrenia.
borderline
Emotional intensity and instability are associated with _____ personality disorder.
personality
Enduring, rigid, and disabling patterns of unusual behavior are characteristic of _____ disorders.
parasympathetic
Erin has returned home from a root canal procedure at her dentist's office. The stressful situation she had dreaded is over. Erin's _____ nervous system is now taking over as her body returns to a normal, relaxed state.
psychological disorder
A _____ is a set of behavioral, emotional, and cognitive symptoms that are significantly distressing and disabling in terms of social functioning, work endeavors, and other aspects of life.
avoidance-avoidance
A choice between two unattractive options is called a(n) _____ conflict.
romantic
A dating couple who are not yet engaged are MOST likely experiencing _____ love.
antisocial
A person who regularly engages in criminal behaviors is probably MOST likely to be diagnosed with _____ personality disorder.
door-in-the-face
A small request is more often granted after a larger one is first refused. This phenomenon is known as the _____ technique.
door-in-the-face
A telephone sales associate offers a caller two bottles of a workout supplement for $89.00. The caller refuses. The caller agrees when the associate then offers a single bottle for $45.99. The sales associate used the _____ technique.
express kindness and generosity
According to the text, what is the BEST way to increase the uplifts in your life?
assimilation
After moving to the United States, Aalam avoids spending time with his family or doing things that demonstrate his cultural norms and Muslim faith. Instead, he has tried to adopt a "typical" American teenage lifestyle. In this example Aalam is demonstrating:
anxiety
Agoraphobia is an example of a(n) _____ disorder.
foot-in-the-door
An Internet retailer finds that customers are more likely to make big-ticket purchases if they can first be induced to make a smaller purchase. This example demonstrates the _____ technique.
deceitful, remorseless, and aggressive.
An individual with antisocial personality disorder is often:
an uplift
Ann's mother compliments her on her school grades. Ann is experiencing:
increase
As the amount of time one spends with an individual rises, one's liking for that person tends to:
burnout
Baron drinks alcohol every night after his shift as a police officer. He is having trouble sleeping and gets stressed just thinking about a job he used to love. Baron may be experiencing:
stereotypes
Beliefs about people who differ from oneself that are based on group membership are called:
major depressive disorder
Feeling worthless, having difficulty concentrating, and changes in appetite are symptoms of:
an uplift.
Henry's girlfriend has sent him a sweet text, which ends with a smiley face emoji. This puts a smile on Henry's face. Henry is experiencing:
empty
In terms of Sternberg's triangular model, a couple in a long-standing, "loveless" marriage is experiencing _____ love.
daily hassle
In the 1990s, Alanis Morissette sang that "a traffic jam when you're already late" is ironic. While it actually may not be ironic, this situation is indeed a(n):
hallucination; delusion
Irene hears voices inside her head, which are referred to as a _____. She believes they are the voices of FBI officials attempting to monitor and record her thoughts. These beliefs are referred to as a _____.
approach-approach
Jerome is experiencing _____ conflict when he is trying to decide between two possible career paths he is equally passionate about.
posttraumatic stress disorder
Kal lost his daughter to cancer when she was only 6 years old. For the last several years he has frequent recurring memories and nightmares about her, and extreme emotional distress when he drives by the hospital where she had her treatments. It is likely that Kal has:
mindful meditation
Kristi is using _____ to help her "be more in the moment" and reduce her stress levels.
approach-avoidance
Laura is experiencing _____ conflict when she realizes the only time her favorite yoga teacher's class is now available is at 6 a.m., which is when Laura is usually waking up to start her day.
role
Laxmi is a mother. The responsibilities and expectations associated with this position constitute a social:
emotion-focused
Looking for the "silver lining" in a challenging situation is an example of _____ coping.
binge-eating disorder
Maddie binge eats. However, she neither purges nor engages in excessive exercise. Maddie may have:
empathy
Madison always gives money and food to homeless people because she is deeply saddened by their situation. This follows the _____ explanation for helping behavior.
passive behavior
Martin Seligman suggested that when people are depressed they often demonstrate learned helplessness, which tends to produce:
dysfunction
Max is troubled by his intrusive, obsessive thoughts and frustrated by his behavioral compulsions. Moreover, his behavioral compulsions are interfering with work. His boss has become frustrated with the frequency with which Max is late in completing projects, and Max is in danger of losing his job. Max's case illustrates the _____ associated with psychological abnormality.
consummate
Walter and Iris have been happily married for 40 years, and the passion has only decreased slightly. They are experiencing Sternberg's _____ love.
stigma
When Ross Szabo returned to his school after being hospitalized due to his bipolar disorder, other students stared and spread rumors about him. Some of Ross' friends stopped hanging around him. When a psychologist came to the school to give a presentation on psychological disorders, students thought the topic was funny and laughed. The reactions of the other students indicated that Ross was facing _____ associated with his disorder.
emotion-focused
When bad things happen to him, Joe lists all the good things in his life for which he is thankful. Joe's practice exemplifies _____ coping.
manic
When experiencing _____ symptoms, Ross Szabo felt energetic, excited, and "high on life." Unfortunately, he also found it impossible to focus on anything. He stated, "My brain was a television, and someone was just flipping the channels."
Secondary
When one decides how to respond to a stressor, one is making a(n) _____ appraisal.
lower
When we have more perceived control over a situation, our stress hormone levels tend to be _____.
bipolar disorder
Which disorder is NOT one of the anxiety disorders listed in DSM-5?
That guy is an idiot. Everyone thinks so!
Which statement is a summary of the false consensus effect?
did not study for an exam because he believed that he would receive a failing grade whether he studied or not
Youssef suffers from major depressive disorder and is exhibiting signs of learned helplessness. An example of learned helplessness was when Youssef:
separation
Yu Yan has moved from China to the United Kingdom. She tries to interact only with other Chinese immigrants, and she avoids practicing English or adopting elements of British culture. She is finding it more and more difficult to stay employed or make friends. In this example Yu Yan is demonstrating:
Compulsions; obsessions
_____ are actions, while _____ are thoughts.
emotion focused
_____ coping may best help Ricardo cope with the death of his father.
Learned helplessness
_____ is a tendency for people to believe they have no control over the consequences of their behaviors, resulting in passive behavior.
Rusbult's investment model of commitment
_____ may help explain why people stay in destructive relationships.