EMT Ch 19 Chapter Test

Which of the following signs of inadequate breathing is more prominent in children than in​ adults?

All of the above (Grunting respirations, Nasal flaring, Seesawing of the chest and abdomen)

Your patient is a​ 30-year-old female who may have overdosed on antidepressant medications. On your​ arrival, she is lying supine on her bed with her head on a pillow. She is unresponsive to painful stimuli and is snoring. She appears to be pale and her skin is cool and clammy. What should you do first​?

Remove the​ patient's pillow.

Which of the following is the most proper dose of inhaled medication the EMT can assist the patient with​ administering?

The number of sprays directed by medical control

While assessing the airway of a pediatric​ patient, you will notice that it is different than that of an adult. Which of the following is one of those​ differences?

The trachea is​ smaller, softer, and more​ flexible, allowing it to be more easily obstructed.

Which of the following is a possible side effect of a prescribed inhaler for respiratory​ problems?

Tremors

Which of the following respiratory rates should be cause for alarm in a​ 2-month-old child?

16​ breaths/min

When ventilating a child with inadequate​ respirations, which of the following is the maximum rate at which artificial respirations should be​ delivered?

20 per minute

While caring for a​ 3-year-old child, you should be concerned if his respiratory rate exceeds​ ________ breaths per minute.

30

Which of the following respiratory rates is considered an abnormal respiratory rate for an​ adult?

8​ breaths/min

Which of the following may be seen just prior to respiratory​ arrest?

Agonal respirations

Your patient is a​ 15-year-old male with a history of multiple prior hospitalizations for asthma. Upon your​ arrival, the patient responds only to painful stimuli and is making very weak respiratory effort. Which of the following should you do​ next?

Assist the​ patient's ventilations with a​ bag-valve-mask device and supplemental oxygen

Which of the following inhalers would not be used to reverse an asthma​ attack?

Beclomethasone

Your patient is a​ 24-year-old woman with asthma who is struggling to breathe and is very agitated. She has cyanosis of her lips and nail​ beds, and is cool and clammy to the touch. When you attempt to assist her ventilations with a​ bag-valve mask​ device, she becomes combative and repeatedly pushes the mask away from her face. Which of the following is the best​ option?

Begin transport immediately and contact medical control for advice.

Which of the following best defines inadequate​ breathing?

Breathing that is insufficient to sustain life

​A(n) ________ device works by blowing oxygen or air continuously at a noninvasive pressure to prevent a​ patient's alveoli from collapsing.

CPAP​ (Continuous Positive Airway​ Pressure)

You are on the scene of a​ 5-year-old patient who is in respiratory distress. The mother states that the patient has been making a​ "seal bark"-sounding cough for the past 24 hours. The child is very scared. The patient has stable vital signs. He is leaning forward in the tripod position and is drooling profusely. After performing your primary​ assessment, what is your best treatment​ option?

Calm the child as much as possible and provide​ high-concentration oxygen.

Which of the following is the primary cause of​ COPD?

Cigarette smoking

Which of the following does not occur during​ inspiration?

Diaphragm relaxes.

What is the primary effect on the body when an EMT assists a patient with a prescribed inhaler if the patient is short of​ breath?

Dilation of the air passages

You are on the scene of a​ 3-year-old patient who is in respiratory distress. The mother states that the patient has been making a​ harsh, high-pitched, barking cough for the past 24 hours. The child is very scared and upset. He is crying inconsolably. The patient has​ tachypnea, but his vital signs are normal otherwise. He is leaning forward in the tripod position and is drooling profusely. What condition do you​ suspect?

Epiglottitis

Your patient is a​ 6-year-old male who appears very​ anxious, is using increased effort during​ expiration, and has a fever. He is wheezing and has a respiratory rate of 34. The​ patient's skin is very warm and dry. He does not have any cyanosis. The child is drooling and his mother states that he complained of a sore throat and pain on swallowing earlier in the afternoon. Which of the following conditions is most likely causing the​ patient's distress?

Epiglottitis

Which of the following is proper when assisting a patient with the use of a prescribed​ inhaler?

Have the patient hold the inhaled medication in his lungs as long as possible.

What is the best way to determine that you are getting adequate ventilation with a​ bag-valve mask?

Look for chest rise and fall.

In which of the following circumstances is medical direction necessary when assisting a patient with the use of a prescribed​ inhaler?

Medical control is necessary in all situations in which an EMT assists with a prescribed inhaler.

Contraindications for the use of continuous positive airway pressure​ (CPAP) can include which of the​ following?

Nausea and vomiting

Your patient is a​ 60-year-old female with a sudden onset of severe difficulty breathing. She has no prior history of respiratory problems. Which of the following should be done before applying oxygen by nonrebreather​ mask?

None of the above (Obtain a history of the present illness, Listen to the​ patient's breath sounds, Check the​ patient's oxygen saturation level)

Which of the following patients with difficulty breathing should not receive supplemental​ oxygen?

None of these patients should have oxygen withheld. (An infant whose eyes may be damaged by excessive oxygen administration, A patient whose oxygen saturation level is​ 100% on room air, A patient with a chronic lung disease who may have a hypoxic drive)

You are ventilating a​ 6-year-old child and note that his heart rate has decreased from 70 to 54. Which of the following is not​ appropriate?

Notify medical control that the​ patient's condition has improved.

Which of the following patients does not necessarily have inadequate​ breathing?

Patient with an irregular respiratory rhythm

You are first on the scene of a​ 61-year-old female in need of assistance with her respirations. You have a pocket mask with supplemental oxygen. How can you determine that your artificial ventilation is​ effective?

Patient's pulse returns to normal.

What condition is when there is an infection in one or both lungs caused by​ bacteria, viruses, or​ fungi?

Pneumonia

You are called to the scene of a​ 45-year-old nonsmoker male with a history of asthma in respiratory distress. You find him lying supine on the couch. The patient is lethargic but can answer all your questions appropriately. He is​ diaphoretic, and complains of being​ cold, coughing, and having difficulty breathing for the past 3 days. His vital signs are blood pressure of​ 110/70, heart rate of​ 116, respiratory rate of​ 24, oxygen saturation of​ 93%, and temperature of 100.6°F. You hear rhonchi in the left lobes and he is coughing up​ yellow-tinged sputum. What condition do you​ suspect?

Pneumonia

In what condition does fluid accumulate in the​ lungs, preventing them from breathing​ adequately?

Pulmonary edema

Which of the following is a sign of adequate artificial ventilations in a pediatric​ patient?

Pulse rate increases.

When the lung collapses without injury or any other obvious​ cause, it is called which of the​ following?

Spontaneous pneumothorax

What is not one of the symptoms of a pulmonary​ embolus?

Sudden calmness

Which of the following statements concerning expiration is true​?

The diaphragm moves upward.

When you hear wheezes while auscultating your​ patient's breath​ sounds, which of the following is most likely the​ cause?

The lower air passages in the lungs are narrowed.

Which of the following is a benefit of using​ small-volume nebulizers for the treatment of respiratory​ problems?

They allow greater exposure of the​ patient's lungs to the medication.

Which of the following sounds is high pitched and almost​ musical, and may be heard in lower respiratory​ obstruction?

Wheezing

When should the EMT most likely expect to hear wheezes in a patient complaining of shortness of breath secondary to an asthma​ attack?

While breathing out

​Today, patients with cystic fibrosis are surviving​ to:

adulthood.

A patient who has​ shallow, slow,​ irregular, gasping breaths is said to have​ ________ respirations.

agonal