IS 350 Chapter 6-? Quizzes

One of the key reasons why organizations must not rely on external providers for thought leadership is that: -They are oblivious to the internal context of the organization -The are too expensive -They could lead the organization to a self-affirming solution -They know the market and competitors

-They are oblivious to the internal context of the organization

In a best practice scenario, who should own major risks? -The CEO -The CTO -A Committee -The CIO

A committee

The basic idea o a/an ______ is that the owner of one application creates a set of access methods that can be called by another application. -function -API -Program -Method

API

______________ manages the authorization and security between the calling and responding functions of APIs, as well as managing audit and information transformations. -API portfolio -API portal -API meditation -API bundle

API mediation

___________ approach includes the management of APIs over their lifecycle. -API meditation -API portal -API bundle -API portfolio

API portfolio

_______ is a tool that gives developers the ability to discover APIs and experiment with them. -API portal -API meditation -API portfolio -API bundle

API protal

The most visionary form of API value derives from opening up company data and services to a much broader and more open ecosystem of developers and organizations to enable them to create radically new products, services, and business models. This is an example of? -APIs for leveraged products and services -APIs for continuous platform innovation -APIs for improvement -APIs for interorganizational innovation

APIs for continuous platform innovation

_________ provide access to a particular piece of computational logic. -System APIs -Algorithm APIs -Business APIs -Experience APIs

Algorithm APIs

Architecture, security & privacy, Data, Operations, and IT Capabilities are part of: -board governance -IT governance -Business Unit governance -Enterprise IT governance

Enterprise IT governance

_________ is a more comprehensive and integrated approach to dealing with risk. -Risk tolerance -Enterprise risk compliance -Enterprise Risk management -Risk posture

Enterprise Risk Management

_______ shape services for a user interface (UI), such as for a mobile app. -Business APIs -System APIs -Experience APIs -Algorithm APIs

Experience APIs

True/False: Collaboration must occur within a firm's boundaries.

False

True/False: IT-Business relationship is a one-dimensional interaction of people and processes.

False

True/False: In the context of business and IT, management of emerging technologies and thought leadership are essentially the same thing.

False

True/False: The IT-Business relationship is affected by a few people working at the same level in the organization.

False

True/False: The exploration of emerging technologies can or should be outsourced.

False

True/False: Traditional Systems Development LIfecycle (SDLC) approach to IT work is appropriate for ETs.

False

True/False: improving thought leadership in IT involves only accessing and utilizing people's ideas.

False

Which of the following is NOT a type of thought leader? -Natural thought leaders -One-hit wonders -learning thought leaders -Functional thought leaders

Functional thought leaders

The most important way to build trust in the IT-Business relationship is through effective _________. -Management -Data -Compliance -Governance

Governance

A well-designed __________ is a key enabler of technology-driven collaboration. -IT governance -IT architecture -organizational structure -IT strategy

IT architecture

__________ is the system of structures, processes, and roles that collectively oversee these two major components of IT work. -project management -IT risk management -IT Governance -IT assurance

IT governance

___________ are multilevel and complex and frequently occur in parallel with each other. -IT governance -IT processes -Business processes -Fiscal budgeting

IT processes

________ can be defined as a set of beliefs that one party holds about the other and how these beliefs are formed from their interactions. -IT-Business relationship -IT governance -Both a and b -none of the above

IT-Business Relationship

Developing an improved information-processing capability, including accurate and visible information, manipulability, exchangeability, and ease of information transfer is a primary goal for all IT functions in supporting collaboration. This is part of: -Communication -Information and Management -Technology integration -Security and privacy

Information and Management

Collaboration of an organization with the world at large is also known as ________. -Coopetition -Inclusive collaboration -Opportunistic collaboration -Mass collaboration

Mass collaboration

The group stressed the importance of monitoring how a model works in practice and making adjustments to ensure all processes integrate smoothly and efficiently. This is an example of: -Execution -Decision making -Monitor and Iterate -Governance

Monitor and iterate

______ is a non-profit AI research company, which aims to carefully promote and develop friendly AI in order to benefit, rather than harm, humanity as a whole. -Git AI -Open AI -AI.net -Free AI

Open AI

Which stage in the API usage framework provides a branded platform and uses APIs to generate sales through both partners and third parties? -Closed API market; limited API use -Open API market; limited API use -Closed API market; broad API use -Open API market; broad API use

Open API market; broad API use

At what stage in the API usage framework do companies gain experience and confidence to become a modular producer of plug-and-play products or services. -Open API market; broad API use -Closed API market; broad API use -Open API market; limited API use -Closed API market; limited API use

Open API market; limited API use

____________ costs consist of what it costs to "keep the lights on" in IT. -Operations -HR -Technology -Strategic

Operations

Which is not a component of successful collaboration? -Process -People -Payment -Program

Payment

General principles for guiding risk decisions are categorized in a Risk Management Framework as: -Policies and processes -Risk propensity -Policies and Standards -Risk Likelihood

Policies and Standards

True/False: A key feature of collaboration and its associated technology is that it provides a company with access to a much broader range of skills, capabilities, resources, and services than have been traditionally available.

True

True/False: If a new technology doesn't attract a business sponsor, it should generally be shelved.

True

True/False: Often, it is difficult for an existing organization to catch up because of its embedded culture, processes, and systems that are designed for its current structure and activities.

True

True/False: Organizations must seek opportunities to communicate why APM initiatives are is underway, what results have been realized, and what the next stages to be accomplished are.

True

True/False: Thought leadership can be fostered both at an individual and a group level.

True

True/False: Today, IT risk management is a low-key activity focused on delivering projects and keeping applications up and running.

True

True/False: While it is supporting the business in dealing with disruptive forces, IT is also in the midst of being disrupted itself.

True

APIs have gained new attention in recent years because technology start-ups have used them to achieve faster time-to-market and create new functionality. What made this possible? -Startups have legacy system -Startups don't have legacy systems -Startups hire new highly-skilled staff -Startups have funding

Startups don't have legacy systems

Ensuring that sets of applications are well aligned with business needs, and positioning the organization technologically to respond to future initiatives is also knows as __________. -Rapid Application Development -Application Portfolio Management -Agile Management -Service Oriented Architecture

Application Portfolio Management

The conflict between the need for truly integrated initiatives and traditional siloed budgets frequently causes budgeting problems. A proposed solution would be: -adoption of enterprise funding models -decentralization of budgets -federal budgeting -none of the above

adoption of enterprise funding models

Often organizations have separate governance structures - one for innovation and strategic projects and another for execution and operations. IT governance helps __________ them. -integrate -unify -align -market

align

Key APM capabilities include: -strategy and governance -reporting and rationalization -inventory management -all of the above

all of the above

Which of the following options are roadblocks to achieving an ideal future state in the face of disruption? -People, processes, and structures -Technology -All of the above -none of the above

all of the above

Why has Artificial Intelligence suddenly gained attention of businesses despite its existence for several years? -new software, powerful algorithms, natural language processing have evolved to human levels -Huge amounts of data that drive AI are now available -powerful hardware is now accessible through cloud computing -all of the above

all of the above

The focus of the _________ portfolio is on the spending for established applications, trying to balance expense against value. -application -project -system -enterprise

application

______________ is the information providing criteria used to group applications for comparison and portfolio management purposes (e.g., business capability provided, life cycle status). -application information -application categorization -technical condition -enterprise architecture

application categorization

Senior leadership should be involved in: -board governance -IT governance -Business Unit governance -Enterprise IT governance

board governance

Governance operates at three levels: -board, functions, geography -board, enterprise IT, business unit -products, processes, ecosystems -teams, leaders, products

board, enterprise IT, business unit

The intersection of which elements are necessary to make thought leadership central to IT-enabled innovation: -Business context and opportunities -Technical environment and technology opportunities -Both a and b -none of the above

both a and b

To get an APM initiative underway, it is necessary to build a/an ____________. -Argument -Project Plan -Application Portfolio -Business Case

business case

What is not a characteristic of the IT-Business relationship? -IT has to keep proving itself -The business is often disengaged from IT work -business expectations of the IT remain constant -business assumptions of IT tend to cluster

business expectations of IT remain constant

Fiscal IT budgets (i.e., those prepared for the CFO) are broken down into two major categories: -capital expenditures -operating expenses -HR expenses -technology expenses

capital expenditures, operating expenses

___________ is a financial management technique that charges consumers according to the volume of IT services consumed (i.e., operations) or work done on their behalf (i.e., new development). -project portfolio management -service catalog -chargeback -pay-per-use

chargeback

Business and IT have different expectations and accountabilities that may lead to lack of trust. This is an example of the ________ of the IT-business relationship. -novelty -level -strength -complexity

complexity

The process of allocating the cost of the services IT provides to others' budgets is called: -budgeting -cost allocation -cost management -IT governance

cost allocation

Experiments and proofs of concept that explore how to make sense of new technologies and ways of working are similar to: -scanning the environment -creating learning options -responding to rivals -creating an innovative culture

creating learning options

________ is the belief that others can be counted on to do what they say they will do. -accountability -credibility -responsibility -trust

creditbility

The most challenging area of governance at present for many companies is: -security -data -architecture -cloud

data

________ are technologies that are acquired by the business for their own specific purposes without reference to formal IT processes. -Push technologies -Pull technologies -Decentralized technologies -Federated technologies

decentralized technologies

_______ management not only helps IT organizations shape demand, but also plan for demand and respond to changes in demand to meet business needs while controlling their IT budgets. -supply -innovation -demand -development

demand

_____________ involves embracing new and different technologies in ways that challenge operational and value assumptions and integrate them with existing technologies to deliver new products, services, business models, revenue streams and/or customer/stakeholder experiences. -Digital capabilities -Digital marketing -Digital transformation -digital strategy

digital transformation

Often ______ is the result of a combination of the new capabilities offered by a technology, complementary products and services that build on that technology, and changes in the expectations of and behaviors in a culture, market, or process as a result. -innovation -disruption -interruption -change

disruption

Moving quickly from assessment to pilot to a decision about broader adoption is a good way to deal with what type of uncertainty? -Technological uncertainty -market uncertainty -Economic uncertainty -governance uncertainty

economic uncertainty

What enables an organization to work with stakeholders, both leadership and subject matter experts, to build a holistic view of the organization's strategy, processes, information, and information technology assets? -Governance and transparency -enterprise architecture -application portfolio management -strategic initiative management

enterprise architecture

Which of the following activities is NOT part of the corporate context within which IT plans and budgets are created: -Establish IT governance -Establish fiscal strategy -Set IT spending levels -Establish strategic goals

establish IT governance

IT-Business relationship trust levels are low due to the lack of clarity around ________ and _______. -expectations; accountabilities -expectations; responsibilities -compensation; accountabilities -strategy; alignment

expectations; accountabilities

Hazards, such as disasters, pandemics, geopolitical upheavals or environmental are examples of: -Sustainable risks -Internal risks -External risks -Criminal interference

external risks

True/False: A total cost of ownership (TCO) initiative and an APM initiative must be kept separate.

false

True/False: APIs allow organizations access to data and chunks of external functionality only

false

True/False: IT's traditional risk-taking approach to technology works well in disruptive environment.

false

Effective IT budgeting is important because it assists with (choose two options): -alignment -governance -fiscal discipline -strategy implementation

fiscal discipline, strategy implementation

In large organizations, IT governance is achieved through an integrated __________ of organizational groups that provide oversight in different areas. -framework -teams -units -leaders

framework

Use of _________ teams creates opportunities to build relationships and stimulate ideas. -multidisciplinary -functional -virtual -small

functional

Effective _________ starts with ownership, which entails responsibilities and accountabilities. -governance -inventory management -knowledge -innovation

governance

____________ is needed to avoid overstating the short-term benefits of delivering the desired capability and understating the long-term costs of maintaining it. -governance and transparency -enterprise architecture -application portfolio management -strategic initiative management

governance and transparency

There is wide recognition that collaboration technology, used properly, can make _______ work more effective. -group -organizational -difficult -individual

group

Focusing on what is important, expecting changes over time, and viewing risk from multiple levels and perspectives are part of: -enterprise risk management -enterprise governance -holistic risk managment -organizational risk managment

holistic risk management

The first step to develop thought leadership is to harvest ________. -Ideas -People -both a and b -none of the above

ideas

Moving to new modes of ________ and _________ is likely to have dramatic impacts on the structure and function of the IT organization of the future. -governance; management -infrastructure; service delivery -innovation; operations -competition; measurement

infrastructure; service delivery

Which of the following is not an obstacle to management of IT applications? -resources -change management -integrated systems -lack of buy-in

integrated systems

The source of criminal interference can be: -internal -internal or external -external -none of the above

internal or external

Which of the following is not a source of internal risk? -people -operations -process -legal

legal

____________ is where algorithms that improve automatically through experience are used for processing and decision-making. -Natural language processing -machine learning -robotics -neural networks

machine learning

IT work involves two major components: -making decisions about what work to do (i.e., strategy) -managing deliverables (i.e., project management) -delivering the work (i.e., execution) -measuring the work (i.e., evaluation)

making decisions about what work to do, delivering the work

Which of the following is NOT a component for IT governance for senior leaders: -clear understanding of how IT decisions are made -clarify business strategies and IT's role in achieving them -measure and manage IT investments -manage HR expectations

manage HR expectations

Four major components are needed to build a strong business-IT relationship: competence, credibility, ________, and trust. -Technical skills -business skills -interpersonal skills -management skills

management skills

Ambiguity about how the market will respond to an innovative new technology or application is called: -technological uncertainty -market uncertainty -economic uncertainty -governance uncertainty

market uncertainty

Circumstances under which governance should be completely re-evaluated include: -changes in the economy -changes in strategy -changes in customers -merger or major change in strategy

merger or major change in strategy

__________ includes a variety of technologies that facilitate conversational interfaces between humans and a machine. -Neural networks -robotics -machine learning

natural language processing

________ aim to mimic brain connections. -Robotics -Machine learning -Natural language processing -Neural networks

neural networks

Which of the following is a source of organizational disruption? -New management -New structural changes -New governance mechanisms -New delivery methods

new delivery methods

Which of the following is not a source of organizational disruption? -New products and services -new risks -new structural changes -new demands

new structural changes

IT managers plan their spending using two different categories: -operations costs -HR costs -strategic investments -technology costs

operation costs, strategic investments

The _______ perspective says that organizations need to "run" the business and this translates into baseline demand for IT. -demand -operational -supply -DevOps

operational

Another key principle of any collaboration program is designing a working environment where underexplored relationships between people data, and applications can become visible) This is called: -planned serendipity -unplanned serendipity -governance -planning

planned serendipity

Tools, technologies, and standards that enable people to share data and to work together seamlessly fro a variety of locations form a ______. -portfolio -application -platform -service

platform

IT _______ are such a significant obstacle to change that some organizations may just give up the effort. -processes -issues -policies -resources

processes

__________ is the unarticulated set of working behaviors, attitudes, and expectations that serves as the glue which keeps teams of diverse individuals working together toward the same goal. -governance -professionalism -management -ethics

professionalism

Management of the ________ portfolio focuses on future spending, attempting to balance IT cost-reduction efforts and investments to develop new capabilities with technology and application upgrades. -application -project -system -enterprise

project

With effective _______________, demands for IT resources are vetted in accordance with governance procedures that result in a justified list of IT investments that satisfy the needs of business leaders. -project portfolio management -service catalog -chargeback -pay-per-use

project portfolio management

_________ are technologies that business functions or application development request to meet their specific needs. -push technologies -pull technologies -decentralized technologies -federated technologies

pull technologies

________ are technologies that vendors are selling to create demand. -push technologies -pull technologies -decentralized technologies -federated technologies

push technologies

Which of the following is not a component of managing emerging technologies? -Identification -Assessment for business and technical potential -rapid implementation across the organization -connection with real business needs and opportunities

rapid implementation across the organization

Organizations rationalize their IT application portfolio by tracking applications over time as they become less important to the business and/or lose technical currency. This is part of: -strategy and governance -reporting and rationalization -inventory management -all of the above

reporting and rationalization

__________ should serve as a high-level overview of how risk is to be managed in an enterprise and can also act as a structure for reporting on risk at various levels of detail. -Risk policy -Risk and compliance management -Enterprise risk management -Risk management framework

risk management framework

Establishing controls, practices, and tools for addressing each type of risk is also known as: -risk profiling -risk mitigation -risk assessment -risk control

risk mitigation

___________ is an ongoing process because levels and types of risks are changing continually. -Risk response -Risk reporting -Risk monitoring -Risk policy

risk monitoring

___________ is where machines do physical work, which can range from manufacturing, to supply delivery in a building, to complex laboratory processing such as blood tests. -robotics -neural networks -natural language processing -machine learning

robotics

In order to separate maintenance and support from new project development, IT managers must: -Separate operations from innovation -integrate both -go to the board for clarity -prioritize

separate operations from innovation

In _____________, discrete IT service offerings are associated with a price per unit. -project portfolio management -service catalog -chargeback -pay-per-use

service catalog

In assessing emerging technologies, _______ refers to indicators of value to a firm's core business. -Metrics -proposition -noise -signal

signal

The first goal of managing disruption is to_________. -Survive -Remain calm -stay relevant -respond quickly

stay relevant

______________ is the organizational mechanism for prioritizing and funding IT investments at the enterprise level. -governance and transparency -enterprise architecture -application portfolio management -strategic initiative management

strategic initiative management

IT organizations' "do more with less," approach focuses on ____ side activities (e.g., virtualization, data center consolidation, benchmarking, contract renegotiation). -supply -demand

supply

A thought leader often connects the dots between their idea and other people's ideas. This characteristic is also called ________. -Alignment -Fit -Synthesis -Integration

synthesis

Ambiguity about the maturity, complexity, or interoperability of any new technology is also called: -technological uncertainty -market uncertainty -economic uncertainty -governance uncertainty

technological uncertainty

___________ is especially critical when working with AI because AI can detect unique and unanticipated patterns in data. -process design -testing and audit -governance and compliance -risk management

testing and audit

A ______ is an authority in a specialized field whose expertise is sought and often rewarded. -Thought leader -expert -CIO -apple genius

thought leader

True/False: Governance procedures reduce overall demand for IT resources, but more importantly they focus limited IT resources on the "right" systems.

true

True/False: IT plans and budgets need attention more frequently than once a year.

true

True/False: It is critical that people and organizations be able to trust what AI technology is able to do.

true

True/False: The API economy can be viewed as a set of business models and channels.

true

A key principle of any collaboration program is the recognition that we don't always know who will make the greatest contribution to a problem in advance. This is also known as: -Surprises -Unknowns -Emergence -None of the above

Emergence

What do IT risk incidents not do? -Dampen an organization's ability to compete -Enable profitability -Damage corporate reputations -Harm constituencies both within and outside companies

Enable profitability

From a __________ perspective, IT is called upon to deliver new capability to enable the business to remain competitive in the marketplace. -operational -development -supply -DevOps

Development

________ are composable services that include logic, such as "customer lookup," or "provide account summary," or "present a consolidated view." -System APIs -Business APIs -Algorithm APIs -Expertise APIs

Business APIs

Discretionary IT decision-making is art of: -Board governance -IT governance -Business Unit governance -Enterprise IT governance

Business Unit Governance

_________ stage in the API usage framework uses APIs to enable a limited number of partners to more broadly share data and functionality -Open API market; broad API use -Open API market; limited API use -Closed API market; limited API use -Closed API market; broad API use

Closed API market; broad API use

_________ stage in the API usage framework uses APIs to help organizations improve internally. -Closed API market; limited API use -Open API market; broad API use -Closed API market; broad API use -Open API market; limited API use

Closed API market; limited API use

_________ is a human activity whereas collaboration technology is the hardware, software, and applications that enable the work of collaboration. -Collaborating -Explaining -Interacting -Meeting

Collaborating

Organizations can build _______ by finding ways to develop business knowledge in all IT staff. -Alignment -Accountability -Competence -Responsibility

Competence

Organizations can build _______ by finding ways to develop business knowledge in all IT staff. -Responsibility -Accountability -Alignment -Competence

Competence

People follow thought leaders because they believe in what they're selling because of their _______. -Expertise -Knowledge -Credibility -Competence

Credibility

________ is the lifeblood of AI. -Processes -Value -People -Data

Data

In assessing emerging technologies, _________ refers to factoids, assertions, and beliefs about a technology that are not meaningful. -Metrics -Proposition -Noise -Signal

Noise

Which of the following is not a component of thought leadership? -Energizing others around new possibilities -Providing market reports -Applying technology for value -Sparking innovation with new ideas

Providing market reports

__________ is central to dealing with disruption and can spell the difference between planned change and survival. -Speed of response -Technological change -Innovation -Merger

Speed of response

_____________ provide a means of communicating and interacting with legacy systems. -Experience APIs -Business APIs -System APIs -Algorithm APIs

System APIs

Which of the following is NOT part of the IT processes (for budgeting): -Function IT budget -Fiscal IT budget -Strategic IT budget -Assess actual spending

Strategic IT budget

Spending on initiatives and technology designed to deliver new business value and achieve the enterprises's strategic objectives is known as: -operations -HR -technology -strategic investments

Strategic investments