MGMT 320 Final

"I'm going to buy a Ford to support the U.S. auto industry" is an example of which component of attitude?

Behavioral

The IT network that allows for the movement of organizational information within that company is known as the organizational structure. T/F

False

Two advantages of decentralization are that managers are encouraged to not solve their own problems, but ask for assistance as soon as possible, and decisions are made slower, since they are discussed at a higher level of management. T/F

False

When a manager is trying to foster innovation, the first thing he or she should do is work to overcome employee resistance. T/F

False

Productivity expert Odette Pollar proposed that "To accomplish more in a day, you must do more and do everything faster." T/F

False "To do more in a day, you must do less- not do everything faster. "

Thought is the process of interpreting and understanding one's environment. T/F

False Perception

When one department store authorized thousands of its sales clerks to handle functions normally reserved for store managers, such as handling merchandise-return problems and approving customers' checks, they gave them more responsibility, a _________ technique.

Job Enrichment

The four major perspectives on motivation include all except_____. a)process b)job design c)job satisfaction d)content e)reinforcement

Job satisfaction

Ann is a teacher who became interested in helping adults in some of the poorer neighborhoods learn how to read. She plans to start a reading center in a low income area to help residents with reading skills at no cost. Ann's center is an example of a(n) _____.

Nonprofit organization

The company dress code and award ceremonies are part of its ____.

Observable Artifacts

A(n) ______ is a system of consciously coordinated activities or forces of two or more people.

Organization

If managers are able to increase job satisfaction, employees may show higher levels of commitment, which in turn can elicit higher performance and reduce employee turnover. This is an example of organizational commitment. T/F

True

When managers and employees within the same department are brought together in cross-functional teams to solve particular problems, this is a team-based design. T/F

True

Compensation, recognition, and status are common ______ in the workplace.

Values

According to expectancy theory, the primary elements that determine how willing an employee is to work hard at tasks important to an organization, those that relate effort, performance, and outcomes, are _____.

expectancy, instrumentality, and valence

Espoused values are _____.

explicitly stated values and norms preferred by an organization

Resistance to organizational change is considered to be the interaction of three causes. These causes can be generally described as employee characteristics, change agent characteristics, and _____.

the change agent-employee relationship

A consultant with a background in behavioral sciences who can be a catalyst in helping organizations deal with old problems in new ways is known as a _____.

Change Agent

According to the integrated model, motivation is affected by both personal factors and ________ ones.

Contextual

The arrangement of having discrete parts of a task done by different people is known as a(n) ____.

Division of labor

Greg, the CEO of Organic Market, wants managers and employees to instruct each other about the organization's chosen values and beliefs. Greg has encouraged the seasoned employees to retell stories about the company legends, and he plans on bringing back the monthly rewards. Greg is endeavouring to ____.

Embed company culture

Which of the following is not a contextual factor of motivation? a)cross-cultural values b)physical environment c)employee personality d)organizational culture e)rewards and reinforcement

Employee personality

According to Chester I. Barnard, an organization is made up of at least one person who strives daily to achieve the organization's goals. T/F

False

Adaptive change is the introduction of a practice that is new to the organization. T/F

False

Because of globalization and information technology, the United States has an advantage in knowledge workers. T/F

False

Before applying, Carlos read the job analysis for the available position, which said that the responsible party reviews contracts for technical accuracy and completeness, and tracks invoices against the executed contracts. T/F

False

Organizational culture appears as five layers: observable artifacts, espoused values, basic assumptions, informal groups, and management groups. T/F

False

Profit sharing bases pay on one's results on the job.

False

Reinforcement theory attempts to explain behavior change by suggesting that behavior with negative consequences tends to be repeated, whereas behavior with positive consequences tends not to be repeated. T/F

False

Thomas, an employee for a government contractor, likes the strict culture that he finds with ABC Industries, which supplies equipment parts to several government bases. There is very little focus on the external environment and little company flexibility due to the type of customers they serve. Since the product they sell needs little improvement and there is virtually no competition, few are risks taken. This is an example of an adhocracy culture. T/F

False

An employee assistance program focuses on self-responsibility, nutritional awareness, relaxation techniques, physical fitness, and environmental awareness. T/F

False Holistic wellness does, which is only one type of employee assistance program

Negative Reinforcement is the application of negative consequences to stop or change undesirable behavior. T/F

False That's punishment

When physically attractive people are also assumed to be smarter and nicer, which perception distortion has occurred?

Halo effect

______ proposed that work satisfaction and dissatisfaction arise from different sets of causes.

Herzberg's two-factor theory

A control mechanism for making sure the right people do the right things at the right time is a(n) _____.

Hierarchy of authority

When a grocery store chain adopts a new practice of its competitors by staying open 24 hours a day, requiring employees to work flexible schedules, it is considered a(n) ______ change.

Innovative

The continuous cycle of improving job performance through goal setting, feedback and coaching, and rewards and positive reinforcement is known as ______.

Performance Management

____________ is (are) defined as those stable psychological and behavioral attributes that give you your identity.

Personality

An emotional or behavioral response to real or imagined threats to an established work routine is known as _____.

Resistance to change

Competence, autonomy, and relatedness are the primary motivations for behavior according to _____.

Self-determination theory

When much of her work was automated with a new computerized system, Brittany became unsure of her ability to do her job. Sara, her boss, has been mentoring her to improve her __________.

Self-efficacy

The Pygmalion effect is also known as ______?

Self-fulfilling prophecy

Empathy and organizational intuition are a part of which emotional intelligence (EI) trait?

Social Awareness

Philip, a shift manager in a factory, has 40 employees on his shift that he directly supervises. The 40 workers who report directly to Philip represent his _____.

Span of control

A hierarchy culture has an internal focus and most values ____.

Stability and Control

The number one reason people quit their jobs is their dissatisfaction with _____.

Supervisors

The chain of command is also known as _____.

The Vertical Hierarchy

A system of shared beliefs and values that develops within an organization and guides the behavior of its members is known as the company's culture or organizational culture. T/F

True

According to the acquired needs theory, those who tend to seek social approval and satisfying personal relationships may have a high need for affiliation. T/F

True

Assuming they have choices, people will make the choice that promises them the greatest reward if they think they can get it. T/F

True

Belittling the importance of the inconsistent behavior is one way to reduce cognitive dissonance. T/F

True

Disruptive innovation is a process by which a product or service takes root initially in simple applications at the bottom of a market and then relentlessly moves up market, eventually displacing established competitors. T/F

True

Employee engagement is defined as an individual's involvement, satisfaction, and enthusiasm for work. T/F

True

Hannah, the youngest owner of a family-owned grocery, wants to make sure her company's culture is embedded in their organization. In a recent tradeshow workshop, she learned that she can do this by having company rites and rituals, continuing to tell stories about company legends, and being a role model to her employees. T/F

True

In sexual harassment, the harasser may be a(n) outsider, coworker, supervisor, or someone of the same sex. T/F

True

Internal dimensions of diversity are those human differences that exert a powerful, sustained effect throughout every stage of our lives: gender, age, ethnicity, race, sexual orientation, and physical abilities. T/F

True

Low self-efficacy is associated with learned helplessness, the debilitating lack of faith in one's ability to control one's environment. T/F

True

Managers hoping to foster innovation must gain allies by communicating their vision. T/F

True

Mutual-benefit organizations are voluntary collectives whose purpose is to advance members' interests, while nonprofit organizations are formed to offer services to some clients, not to make a profit. T/F

True

Radical innovation creates products, services, or technologies that don't exist yet. T/F

True

The acquired needs theory states that three needs—achievement, affiliation, and power—are the major motives determining people's behavior in the workplace. T/F

True

The value of Kotter's steps for leading organizational change is that they provide specific recommendations about behaviors that managers need to exhibit to successfully lead organizational change. T/F

True

Since internals seem to have a greater belief that their actions have a direct effect on the consequences of that action, internals likely would prefer and respond more productively to incentives such as merit pay or sales commissions. T/F

True Referring to internal locus of control

To explain how to initiate, manage, and stabilize planned change, Kurt Lewin developed a model with three stages. They were _______.

Unfreeze, Change, Refreeze

In the ______ stage of Kurt Lewin's change model, managers try to instill in employees the motivation to change, encouraging them to let go of behaviors that are resistant to innovation.

Unfreezing

When the two newly hired analysts compared notes, they found that their interviews had been quite different. Each was long and involved, but the content of the questions varied based on previous employment and education. They confirmed that this company used a(n) ______ interview.

Unstructured

According to expectancy theory, your ______ is low if you don't think a bonus or raise is going to be big enough to justify working evenings and weekends.

Valence

Employers must consider an employment test's ______, whether or not it measures what it purports to measure and is free of bias.

Validity

The question "What was the best idea you ever sold to a supervisor, teacher, peer, or subordinate?" would be used in which type of interview situation?

behavioral-description interview

The organizational development (OD) process has three steps: ____, ____, and ____.

diagnosis, intervention, and evaluation

Employees resist change for all the following reasons except _____. a)individuals' low predisposition toward change b)fear of the unknown or failure c)faith in change agent's intentions d)disruption of group relationships e)peer pressure

faith in change agent's intentions