Oral Pathology Exam #1 Chapter 1,2,3

define linea alba

"white line" that extends anteroposteriorly on the buccal mucosa along the occlusal plane. may be bilateral. mostly found in individuals with a clenching/bruxism habit

define coalescence

the process by which parts of a whole join together, or fuse, to make one

define internal root resorption

triggered by pulpal tissue reaction within the tooth. the pulpal area can be seen as a diffuse radiolucency beyond the confines of normal pulp area

what is a lingual thyroid nodule

undescended, trapped remnants of thyroid tissue. can be found on the midline of the dorsal surface of the tongue, posterior to circumvallate papillae in area of foramen cecum. sessile 2-3 cm in width

define well circumscribed

used to describe a lesion with borders that are specifically defined.. can see the exact margins

define pustule

variously sized circumscribed elevations containing pus

where can a traumatic bone cyst be found

will appear as a radiolucency that scallops around the roots of a tooth

how is a diagnosis simply made

with data collection

define corrugated

wrinkled

an elevated serum alkaline phosphate level is significant in the diagnosis of what disease

Paget disease

define papule

a small, circumscribed lesion usually less than 1 cm in diameter. it is elevated and protrudes above the surface of normal tissue

define erythema

an abnormal redness of the mucosa or gingiva

define macule

an area that is usually distinguished by a color different than that of surrounding tissue.. it is flat and does not protrude above the surface of normal tissue. example: freckles

define external root resorption

arises from tissue outside the tooth.. example: periodontal ligament

define pedunculated

attached by a stemlike or stalklike base similar to that of a mushroom

who has a predilection for periodical cemento-osseous dysplasia (cementoma)

black women in their 30's. this is asymptomatic and is found in a vital tooth

what are the 8 areas within the diagnostic process

clinical, radiographic, historical, laboratory, microscopic, surgical, therapeutic and differential

what are fordyce granules

clusters of ectopic sebaceous glands. appears as yellow lobules in clusters. commonly observed on vermillion border of lips/buccal mucosa. no tx

define multilocular

describes a lesion that extends beyond the confines of one distinct area. described as many lobes or parts that are somewhat fused together.. can resemble soap bubbles

define diffuse

describes a lesion with borders that are not well defined, making it impossible to detect exact parameters of the lesion

define erythroplakia

describes a oral mucosal lesion that appears as a smooth red patch or granular red and velvety patch. less common than leukoplakia. 90% of cases of erythroplakias are epithelial dysplasia or squamous cell carcinoma

define sessile

describing the base of a lesion that is flat or broad instead of stemlike

describe mandibular tori

outgrowths of normal dense bone found on lingual aspect of the mandible. no predilection for sex

define pallor

paleness of the skin or mucosal tissues

what is a black hairy tongue

papillae are brown or black in color due to chromogenic bacteria. contributing factors can be tobacco, foods, hydrogen peroxide, alcohol and chemical rinses

what is an ectopic geographic tongue

same patches from geographic tongue but found on mucosal surfaces

define vesicle

small, elevated lesions less than 1cm in diameter that contain serous fluid

what are other names for a lingual mandibular bone concavity

static bone cyst or Stafne bone cyst

define unilocular

having one compartment or unit that is well defined or outlined as in a simple radicular cyst

define bulla

a circumscribed, elevated lesion that is more than 5mm in diameter. it usually contains serous fluid and looks like a blister

define fissure

a cleft or groove, normal, showing prominent depth

define leukoplakia

a clinical term for a white plaque like lesion of the oral mucosa that cannot be rubbed off or diagnosed as a specific disease

define nodule

a palpable solid lesion up to 1cm in diameter found in soft tissue. can occur above, level with or beneath surface skin

define a lingual mandibular bone concavity

a radiolucent area that is oval in shape and is found anterior to the angle of the ramus and inferior to the mandibular canal

define scalloping around the root

a radiolucent lesion that appears to extend up the PDL and between roots.. example: traumatic bone cyst

define lobule

a segment or lobe that is part of a whole, these lobes sometimes fuse together; example: lobulated torus palatinus

describe retrocuspid papilla

a sessile nodule on the gingival margin on the lingual aspect of mandibular cuspids

white hairy tongue

elongated filiform. result in an increase in keratin production or a decrease in normal desquamation

what are other names for geographic tongue

erythema migraines and benign migratory glossitis

what is a geographic tongue

erythematous patches surrounded by a white or yellow border found on the tongue. can be exacerbated from stress although there is no known cause. pt may complain of burning sensation. no tx

what is the predilection for lingual thyroid nodules

females going through hormonal changes

what is a median rhomboid glossitis

flat or slightly raised oval or rectangular erythematous area in the center of the tongue. can be associated with a chronic infection with Candida albicans. no tx necessary although antifungals may be used

what is another name for an amalgam tattoo

focal argyrosis

what is a fissured tongue

found on the dorsal surface of the tongue that has deep fissures or grooves. cause is unknown, can involve genetic factors. 5% of population

describe torus palatinus

found on the hard palate. exophytic growth of compact bone which is observed on the midline of hard palate. it is inherited and grows gradually. occurs mostly in women

define leukoedema

generalized opalescence on buccal mucosa. most commonly observed in black individuals. if mucosa is stretched it becomes less prominent

what are lingual variscosities

prominent lingual veins which are usually found on the ventral and lateral surfaces of the tongue. red/purple clusters most commonly found in older individuals

define root resorption

radiographically, the apex of the tooth appears shortened or blunted/irregularly shaped. occurs as a response of stimuli, which can include a cyst, trauma, or tumor

define papillary

resembling a small, nipple like shaped projection or elevation found in clusters