Abnormal Ch 16

Personality Disorder

Deeply ingrained stable, inflexible, and maladaptive patterns of behavior

schizotypal

People with _________ personality disorder display a range of interpersonal problems marked by extreme discomfort in close relationships, odd patterns of thinking and perceiving, and behavioral eccentricities.

schizophrenia

People with one of the "odd" clusters of personality disorders often qualify for an additional diagnosis of:

avoidant

The diagnostic features of which of the following personality disorder bear the greatest similarity to people who are diagnosed with social anxiety disorder (social phobia)?

Psychodynamic view of Antisocial PD

absence of parental love; basic lack of trust

Cognitive-Behavioral explanation for NPD

children treated too positively

Biosocial Theory

interaction of internal & external factors

Dramatic, Emotional, Erratic Behavior

-Antisocial -Borderline -Histrionic -Narcissistic

Schizoid

-Avoid social relationships -Limited emotional expression -Prefer to be alone

Anxious or Fearful Behavior

-Avoidant -Dependent -Obsessive-Compulsive

Antisocial PD

-Compulsive lying -Impulsive -Sexually promiscuous -Can be cruel, sadistic, aggressive, violent -Reckless -Lack remorse -⇧Alcoholism,other substances

Paranoid

-Deep distrust of others -Suspicion -Cold, distant

Histrionic

-Extreme emotions -Attention-getting behaviors -Vanity -Demanding -Unable to delay gratification

Psychodynamic explanation for NPD

-Focus on cold, rejecting parents -Object-relations theorists: grandiosity compensates for early rejection

Narcissistic PD

-Grandiosity -Need for admiration -Lack of empathy -Arrogance

Borderline PD

-Great instability -Major mood shifts -Unstable self-image -Impulsivity -Unstable interpersonal relationships -Bouts of anger & aggression -Self-harm

Biological Explanations for BPD

-Lower Serotonin brain activity -Overly reactive amygdala

biological view of Antisocial PD

-Lower levels of serotonin -Deficient func-tioning in frontal lobes -Lower levels of anxiety and arousal

Schizotypal

-Odd ways of thinking -Behavioral eccentricities -Discomfort in close relationships -Religiosity -Superstition -Dwight

Odd/Eccentric Behavior

-Paranoid -Schizoid -Schizotypal

Contemporary psychodynamic therapy

-Specific focus on relationship disturbances -Addresses loneliness and emptiness

Personality

-Traits may be inherited, learned, or both -Flexible in adapting to new situations

DBT (Dialectical Behavioral Therapy)

-Treatment of choice for BPD -Integrates CBT, mindfulness, and humanistic approaches

Psychodynamic explanation of histrionic

-Unloving, cold parents -Fear of abandonment -Dramatic behaviors developed to get attention & protection

Psychodynamic Explanations for BPD

-dysfunctional family relationships -Lack of early acceptance -Abuse, neglect -Correlation with sexual abuse

Psychodynamic Explanation of ASPD

Absence of parental love leads to... ↓ Child lacks a basic trust of others ↓ Child becomes emotionally detached from all relationships ↓ Child attempts to bond with others through the use of power and destructiveness ↓ and develops ASPD

Personality Disorder

Differs from usual expected behaviors & experiences

Antisocial PD

Disorder most linked to criminal behavior

Narcissistic PD

Exaggerate achievements & talents

Narcissistic PD

Expect constant attention

anal regressive

Freudian theorists suggest that people with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are:

Antisocial PD

General disregard for others' rights

Borderline PD

Impulsive, self-destructive behaviors

Behavioral view of Antisocial PD

Learned through modeling

Histrionic

May dress provocatively

Dramatic

More commonly diagnosed than other PDs

Personality Disorder

Often co-morbid with another disorder

trust

Psychodynamic theorists believe that people who develop antisocial personality disorder have failed to develop a sense of:

anxiety

Research has found that individuals with antisocial personality disorder often seem to experience less___________ than other people, a key ingredient to learning.

Narcissistic PD

Seldom interested in needs/feelings of others

Borderline PD

Struggle with recurrent fears of abandonment

Personality

Unique and enduring pattern of inner experience and outward behavior

histrionic

Use sexual seduction to achieve goals

b

What is the primary distinction between the beliefs of someone with paranoid personality disorder and someone with paranoid schizophrenia? a. The beliefs of someone with paranoid personality disorder are usually delusional, while the beliefs of someone with paranoid schizophrenia are not. b. The beliefs of someone with paranoid personality disorder are not usually delusional, while the beliefs of someone with paranoid schizophrenia are. c. Both individuals will suffer from delusions, but only those with paranoid schizophrenia will suffer from bizarre delusions. d. The beliefs of both individuals are based on real encounters with others, and are accurate perceptions of the real world.

intelligence

Which is not an area listed in the DSM-5 as required to be affected by a personality disorder?

drug therapy

Which of the following treatment approaches is of limited help for sufferers of paranoid personality disorder?

histrionic

Which of the personality disorders was once called "hysterical personality disorder" and involves individuals who are typically described as emotionally charged and seeking to be the center of attention?

Cognitive view of Antisocial PD

attitudes that trivialize others' needs