BCOMM Test 2

Hiring/Placement Interviews

One-on-one Panel Group Lunch/dinner interview Sequential Stress Online

Toulmin's rhetoric strategy

Claim Data Warrant

What makes a good subject line

Clear Brief Specific

major types of interview questions

Common Behavioral Random/Creative

Tell me about yourself

Common first question. Answer: talk about your work background, skills, and interests and relate them to how well they fit the job.

Internal communication

Communication between people inside the business

Feedback in writing

Focus on the product Determine how much feedback is need Inquire about the format of the feedback Know that "common proofreading marks" are Not common Not understood Not easy to email

Screening

Phone Online - more and more . Job fairs Texting Messaging through a platform like LinkedIn

texting best practices with recruiters

Response promptly (within 12 hours) Proofread carefully Remember EVERYTHING is an interview

Steps of paraphrasing

1. Sentence stem 2. recall content and time 3. translate key content into own words 4. confirm accuracy *order can change

message appearance

1.Subject line 2.Greeting & Opening 3.Body 4.Closing 5.Sign-off

Logos in business writing

Logos - Be logical By appealing to logic, writers persuade

Direct strategy messages

Routine Messages • Neutral Messages • Good News • Reader Needs (unlikely or unable to read the whole message) • Position of Hierarchical Power

SPIKES method

S Setting up the interview or appointment P Assessing recipient perception & prepare I Obtaining the person's invitation K "Need to know" giving information E Empathy - addressing the patient's emotions S Strategy and summary

Different types of interviews

Screening Hiring/Placement

STAR

Situation Task Action Result

emphasis

Special importance, value, or prominence given to something.

Organization

Standard Elements Intro, body, conclusion Correct approach Direct or indirect Clear pattern

Why cite sources?

To give credit to the original author and to use other people's work without plagiarizing. -Citation are helpful to anyone who wants to find out more about your ideas and where they came from. -Not all sources are good or right. It distinguishes your ideas from other sources. -It shows the amount of research you have done and strengthens your work.

behavioral interview

Type of interview that focuses on how applicants previously handled real situations.

Semi colon

a punctuation mark (;) indicating a pause, typically between two main clauses, that is more pronounced than that indicated by a comma. Theresa was late to the meeting; her computer had frozen and she was stuck at her desk until a tech rep came to fix it.

situational interview

a structured interview in which the interviewer describes a situation likely to arise on the job, then asks the candidate what he or she would do in that situation

confirmation bias

a tendency to search for information that supports our preconceptions and to ignore or distort contradictory evidence

block format

all parts of a letter (including paragraphs) begin at the left margin

written communication

any communication that must be read

Content

appropriate for the document answers the central questions who, what, when, where, why, how

white space

areas on a page with no text or graphics; designed to provide a visual break and to give other elements on the page a greater impact; also known as negative space

nonverbal communication

communication using body movements, gestures, and facial expressions rather than speech

verbal communication

expressing ideas to others by using spoken words

external communication

flows between people inside and outside the organization

oral communication

includes face-to-face discussion, telephone conversations, and formal presentations and speeches

Parallelism: Lists

is easier for the reader to process. The reader's eye (and ear) is primed for the pattern of the information

Who determines if a source/message sender is credible?

it is the receiver of the message who in the end determines how credible the message is

open and close an email professionally

open with proper salutations close with a signature

formal writing

professional expression emphasizes rules, regulations, and order

Jargon

special words or expressions that are used by a particular profession or group and are difficult for others to understand.

Five steps for evaluation

1. Understand the assignment. 2. Evaluate how well the writing carries out the assignment. 3. Evaluate assertions. 4. Check facts. 5. Look for errors.

Providing feedback

1. Model being a good learner. 2. Balance receiver's feelings with needed feedback. 3. Ask your receivers how to give them feedback

Sans Serif Font

A style of text that lacks hooks (or feet) on the ends of the letters. Most desirable for projection since the text is easier to read

Serif Font

A type face whose characters have small lines or flourishes at the end points of letters. Serif fonts include Times New Roman, Georgia, and Palatino.

Indirect strategy

An organizational strategy that describes placing the main idea later in a message, after the details, explanation, or evidence; used when the writer expects the reader to be uninterested, unwilling, displeased, or hostile.

Bureaucratic writing style

Attached is the latest delivery data represented in topographical forms pursuant to the directive ABC123 of the air transportation guide supplied by the Federal Aviation Administration in September of 2008.

Indirect messages

Bad News • Readers Resistant • Explanations Needed Reasons Matter (unlikely to be read if in the middle) • Less Hierarchical or Organizational Power

What are the 10 Cs of business communication

Complete Concise Clear Conversational Correct Coherent Credible Complete Courteous Considerate

Style

Content Organization Word Choice Grammatical Structures

Four areas for revision

Content Style Organization Readability

Egocentrism

the inability to see the world through anyone else's eyes

Ethos in business writing

Ethos - Be credible By appealing to credibility,writers make their claims more believable

Active voice

Expresses an action done by its subject. Use active-voice for clear expression. Zombies killed Bob

What are fallacies in writing?

Fallacies or rhetorical tricks deceive your audience with their style, drama, or pattern, but add little to your document in terms of substance

casual writing

Familiar, everyday expressions doesn't emphasize hierarchy or social rank

six basic qualities of good business writing

Follows the rules Is easy to read attracts the reader meets the reader's expectations is clear and concise is efficient and effective

Reading a document

Grasp the meaning Come away with feeling Get the main idea mostly

Informal writing style

Here's the delivery data for last month.

colloqial writing

Informal, conversational style May use slang or local expressions

Direct Opening

Know your audience They get confused with multiple points? Make one point. They like short messages? Send short messages.

Written Communication Advantages

Message can be revised several times Permanent record that can be saved Message stays the same even if relayed through many people Receiver has more time to analyze the message

Pathos in business writing

Pathos - Appeal to emotions By appealing to emotions,writers persuade

Analyzing a document

Pay close attention Come away with more recall of the facts Be able to question or challenge the concepts

Formal Writing Style

Please note the attached delivery data for July 2009.

PARL

Problem Actions Results Learning

Oral Communication Advantages

Questions can be asked and answered Feedback is immediate and direct More persuasive

Readability

Reader comprehension Use Grammarly

Sociocentrism

The assumption that one's own social group is inherently superior to all others.

Passive voice

The subject of the sentence receives the action. Use passive-voice to be tactful, to de-emphasize bad news, or hide who committed the action. Bob was killed by zombies.

Conversational tone

The tone used in most business communication; it uses plain language that sounds businesslike without being stuffy at one extreme or too laid-back and informal at the other extreme.

Colon :

This is what I think: you need to revise your paper.

pt 2

Three main options: 1. Appreciation - specific thanks and appreciation 2. Coaching - growth oriented responses 3. Evaluation - comparing

headings

Titles that are often bold and in a larger and different font than the body text.

Why is it important to evaluate your sources

Users must be able to critically evaluate the appropriateness of all types of information sources prior to relying on the information

What is plagiarism?

Using another person's work without giving proper credit to that person

Visual Hierarchy

Using design techniques to carry the viewer's eye from one component to the next; helps the audience process information in design and what is most important

How do you determine when to use informal v. formal/bureaucratic style

We want to save time and focus on the content and application of creative ideas. We don't typically have the luxury to spend time on the creative expression of our creative ideas.

When to Use the Direct Strategy

When the audience will be Pleased • Somewhat interested • Neutral • Unlikely or unable to read the whole message Sender Status: More Hierarchical Power

When to use indirect strategy

When the audience will be: Displeased/disappointed • Uninterested • Hostile • Unlikely to read reasons if in the middle Sender Status: Less Hierarchical Power

Direct strategy

When the purpose for writing is presented close to the beginning of a report Main idea Reasons Pleasant conversation

IM or Text Message Channel

When to Choose: Informal use among peers at similar levels within an organization You need a fast, inexpensive connection with a colleague over a small issue and limited amount of information

Memo Channel

When to Choose: You need to communicate a general message within an organization

Email Channel

When to Choose: You need to communicate but time is not the most important consideration You need to send attachments (provided their file size is not too big)

Letter Channel

When to Choose: You need to inform, persuade, deliver bad news or negative message, and document the communication

Fax Channel

When to Choose: You want to send a document whose format must remain intact as presented, such as a medical prescription or a signed work order Allows use of letterhead to represent your company

Proposal Channel

When to choose: You need to persuade an audience with complex arguments and data

Report Channel

When to choose: You need to document the relationship(s) between large amounts of data to inform an internal or external audience

disadvantages of negative news in writing

You don't know where it "ends up" You can't adjust your methods You can't control the reactions as well You can't determine if it's "bad" or "good" news because you can't get immediate feedback

when to cite and reference

You use direct quotations You use arguable information that is not your opinion You use information that is not common knowledge The opinions and assertions of others Any information you did not generate yourself

bypassing

a communication problem that arises when the same words mean different things to different people All that difference allows for both source and receiver to completely miss one another's intended goal."

paralellism

the use of successive verbal constructions in poetry or prose that correspond in grammatical structure, sound, meter, meaning, etc.