Lecture 10: Sensory Receptors [Seventy-six entries]

A patient experienced permanent damage to the hair cells in the cochlea. This will interfere with the ability of sound waves to reach the inner ear. - True - False

False

An individual would normally perceive pain when the chemoreceptors are stimulated. - False - True

False

An individual would normally perceive pain when the chemoreceptors are stimulated. - True - False

False

As auditory hair cell stereocilia bend toward the tallest stereocilia ion channels close, thereby preventing receptor potentials. - True - False

False

Inability to perceive rotation of the head, as when indicating "no," occurs when the saccule is damaged. - True - False

False

Nodding your head up and down would stimulate receptors in the utricle. - True - False

False

The anterior semicircular canal responds to motions such as doing a cartwheel. - True - False

False

The lateral semicircular canal responds to motions such as doing a cartwheel. - True - False

False

Chemoreceptors that respond to chemical changes in the external environment are called________. - interoceptors - nociceptors - proprioceptors - exteroceptors

exteroceptors

Cutaneous receptors respond to stimuli that are outside the body, and are therefore also________. - proprioceptors - interoceptors - exteroceptors - special senses

exteroceptors

The posterior semicircular canal responds to motions such as doing a somersault. - true - false

false

What is the medium found in the cochlear duct? - Air - Perilymph - Endolymph - Ectolymph

Endolymph

A cochlear implant may help someone with conduction deafness. - True - False

False

Which structure is a touch or pressure cutaneous receptor? - Pacinian Corpuscle - Merkel's Disk - Meissner's Corpuscle - All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following is true of vestibular nystagmus? - It consists of involuntary oscillations of the eyes. - It may be a symptom of Ménière's disease. - It is a loss of equilibrium. - All of the choices are correct.

All of the choices are correct.

Damage to cutaneous receptors would limit the ability to detect all of the following EXCEPT ________. - Pain - Thermal sensations - Body position - Touch

Body position

When stereocilia are bent toward the kinocilium, the cell membrane will be________. - hyperpolarized - depolarized - releasing increased amounts of neurotransmitter - Both depolarized and releasing increased amounts of neurotransmitters are correct.

Both depolarized and releasing increased amounts of neurotransmitters are correct.

The structure(s) involved in hearing include the ________. (hint: select two) - Organ of Corti - Semicircular canals - Bony labyrinth - Spiral organ

Both the spiral organ and the organ of Corti are correct

What extracellular ion is necessary for release of neurotransmitters for salty and sour tastes? - Mg 2+ - K+ - Na+ - Ca 2+

Ca 2+

Sugar is an example of a stimulus for: - mechanoreceptors - chemoreceptors - photoreceptors - thermoreceptors - nociceptors

Chemoreceptors

Which structure is NOT part of the vestibular apparatus of the inner ear? - Cochlea - Utricle - Semicircular canals - Saccule

Cochlea

The Scala media of the cochlea is filled with________. (Hint: This fluid is high in K+ concentration) - Endolymph - Perilymph - Ectolymph - Mesolymph

Endolymph

Receptors responding to "bitter" stimuli generate receptors potentials through: - G proteins - Ligand gated

G proteins

Receptors responding to "bitter" stimuli generate receptors potentials through: - H+ influx - Blockage of K+ channels - Na+ influx - G proteins - Blockage of Na+ channels

G proteins

Receptors responding to "sweet" stimuli generate receptor potentials through: - G proteins - Ligand gated

G proteins

Receptors responding to "umami" stimuli generate receptor potentials through: - H+ influx - Blockage of K+ channels - Na+ influx - G proteins - Blockage of Na+ channels

G proteins

Olfactory receptor proteins are especially located on the membrane of their non-motile cilia and are coupled to ________. - cAMP - cGMP - Ca 2+ - G-proteins

G-proteins

Olfactory receptors are coupled to ________. - Transducers - Na +/Ca 2+ channels directly - G-proteins - Adenylate cyclase

G-proteins

Receptors responding to "sour" stimuli generate receptor potentials through: - H+ influx - blockage of K+ channels - Na+ influx - G proteins - blockage of Na+ channel

H+ influx

When ________ enter the microvilli of taste cells, depolarization occurs, producing a ________ taste sensation. - Hydrogen ions; sour - Sodium ions; sour - Hydrogen ions; bitter - Sodium ions; sweet

Hydrogen ions; sour

The scala vestibuli of the cochlea is filled with________. - Endolymph - Perilymph - Ectolymph - Mesolymph

Perilymph

Fast adapting receptors are called _____ receptors. - Tonic - Phasic

Phasic

Chemoreceptors that monitor blood glucose levels are also________. See answer. (Free study)

Interceptors

What characteristic does the endolymph of the membranous labyrinth have that is unusual for an extracellular fluid? - It is similar to the perilymph that surrounds the membranous labyrinth. - It has a higher than normal concentration of Na+. - It has lower than normal concentration of Cl-. - It has higher than normal concentration of K+.

It has higher than normal concentration of K+.

The bending of the stereocilia of the organ of Corti opens membrane channels that are permeable to mainly ________, which causes depolarization. (hint: this is an exception of the norm!) - K+ - Na+ - Mg2+ - Cl-

K+

Pushing is an example of a stimulus for: - Mechanoreceptors - Chemoreceptors - Photoreceptors - Thermoreceptors - Nociceptors

Mechanoreceptors

Receptors responding to "salty" stimuli generate receptor potentials through: - H+ influx - blockage of K+ channels - Na+ influx - G proteins - blockage of Na+ channels

Na+ influx

A chemical burn would stimulate this type of receptor. - Mechanoreceptors - Chemoreceptors - Photoreceptors - Thermoreceptors - Nociceptors

Nociceptors

The Scala tympani of the cochlea is filled with________. - Endolymph - Perilymph - Ectolymph - Mesolymph

Perilymph

The cupula is part of the________. - Semicircular canals - Utricle - Saccule - Cochlea

Semicircular canals

Vertigo occurs due to activation of the________. - Utricle - Semicircular canals - Saccule - Cochlea

Semicircular canals

Choose the correct statement regarding sensory receptors. See answer. (Free study)

Sensory receptors transduce different forms of physical energy to nerve impulses.

Tonic receptors are ___ adapting. - Slow - Fast

Slow

Which of the following statements about the cochlea is TRUE? - The scala vestibuli contains endolymph - The scala tympani transmits sounds waves to the oval window - The scala tympani contains perilymph - The scala vestibuli transmits sound waves to the round window - The scala media contains perilymph

The scala tympani contains perilymph

Heat is an example of a stimulus for: - Mechanoreceptors - Chemoreceptors - Photoreceptors - Thermoreceptors - Nociceptors

Thermoreceptors

Slow-adapting receptors are called ___ receptors. - Tonic - Phasic

Tonic

A greater bending of the stereocilia will increase the frequency of action potentials and will be perceived as a louder sound. - True - False

True

Areas of the skin with small receptive fields would have a greater sensory acuity. - True - False

True

As the auditory hair cell stereocilia bend toward the tallest stereocilia, ion channels open, thereby generating receptor potentials. - True - False

True

Damage to the tectorial membrane near the oval window would limit an individual's ability to detect high frequency sounds. - True - False

True

Given its action, damage to the stapedius muscle can cause increased sensitivity to the volume of sounds. - True - False

True

The lateral semicircular canal responds to motions such as spinning in a chair. - True - False

True

The posterior semicircular canal responds to motions such as doing cartwheels. - True - False

True

You arrive at a restaurant and are seated when you immediately notice a strong odor of perfume from a nearby customer. After just a few minutes the perfume odor seems to be gone even though the source remains and you are enjoying some bread and water before your meal. The smell of the perfume went away because of the accommodation of phasic receptors. - True - False

True

Which taste modality involves membrane receptors that are coupled to G-proteins? - Umami - Salty - Sour - All of the choices are correct

Umami

The structures that function in equilibrium are known as the ________. - Vestibular apparatus - Cochlea - Bony labyrinth - Spiral organ

Vestibular apparatus

Which of the following is NOT part of the organ of Corti? - Vestibular membrane - Tectorial membrane - Basilar membrane - Hair cells with sensory fiber

Vestibular membrane

The semicircular canals contain - a basilar membrane - a tectorial membrane - an otolithic membrane - a cupula

a cupula

Which of the following statements about olfaction is TRUE? - adaptation is fast - receptors are chemoreceptors - receptors are bipolar neurons - receptors are G protein coupled - all of the above

all of the above

The macula of the utricle and saccule contains: - a basilar membrane - a tectorial membrane - an otolithic membrane - a cupula

an otolithic membrane

Sensorineural deafness can be caused by all of the following EXCEPT________. - excessively loud noises - build up of wax in the ears - infection of the inner ear - loss of hair cells in the cochlea

build up of wax in the ears

Which structure is NOT part of the vestibular apparatus of the inner ear? - cochlea - oval window - round window

cochlea

The hertz is a measure of________. - distance - frequency - duration - intensity

frequency

Receptor (generator) receptors are: - all-or-none - graded

graded

Sensations are sharpened via________. - two-point discrimination - adaptation - lateral inhibition - phantom limb

lateral inhibition

Vibrations in the stapes directly induce vibrations in the ________. - tympanic membrane - incus - round window - oval window

oval window

Light is an example of a stimulus for: - mechanoreceptors - chemoreceptors - photoreceptors - thermoreceptors - nociceptors

photoreceptors

Age-related hearing impairment is known as________. - presbycusis - presbyopia - conduction deafness - otosclerosis

presbycusis

As ________ increases, the two-point threshold decreases. - receptor number - receptor density - receptor sensitivity - receptor sensation

receptor density

Which of the following statements about gustation is TRUE? - receptors are chemoreceptors - receptors are bipolar neurons - all receptors are G protein coupled - all of the above

receptors are chemoreceptors

Which of the following statements about the cochlea is TRUE? - the scala vestibuli contains endolymph - the scala tympani transmits sound waves to the oval window - the scala tympani contains endolymph - the scala vestibuli transmits sound waves to the round window - the scala media contains endolymph

the scala media contains endolymph

Which of the following statements about the cochlea is TRUE? - the scala vestibuli contains perilymph - the scala tympani transmits sound waves to the oval window - the scala tympani contains endolymph - the scala vestibuli transmits sound waves to the round window - the scala media contains perilymph

the scala vestibuli contains perilymph

Which of the following statements about the cochlea is TRUE? - the scala vestibuli contains endolymph - the scala tympani transmits sound waves to the oval window - the scala tympani contains endolymph - the scala vestibuli receives sound waves from the oval window - the scala media contains perilymph

the scala vestibuli receives sound waves from the oval window

As auditory hair cell stereocilia bend toward the shortest stereocilia, ion channels close, thereby preventing receptor potentials. - true - false

true

Phasic receptors adapt rapidly to maintained stimuli. - true - false

true

Temperature receptors adapt quickly. - true - false

true