7.1 Bio Workbook
In DNA, A always pairs with ____________, and G always pairs with ____________
T, T
DNA → RNA → ____________
protein
____________ RNA helps form ribosomes
ribosomal
helps form ribosomes
ribosomal RNA
Proteins are made in the cytoplasm on small organelles called ____________
ribosomes
____________ RNA brings amino acids to ribosomes
transfer
brings amino acids to ribosomes
transfer RNA
T/F DNA contains instructions for all the proteins your body makes.
true
T/F Erwin Chargaff demonstrated that in DNA, the amount of adenine is about the same as the amount of guanine.
true
T/F In eukaryotic cells, proteins always remain in the nucleus, but DNA is made at ribosomes in the cytoplasm.
true
T/F James Watson and Francis Crick used X rays to learn about DNA's structure
true
T/F Oswald Avery was the first to conclude that DNA is the genetic material
true
T/F Proteins are made on the ribosomes in the cytoplasm
true
T/F There are 4 types of RNA: mRNA, rRNA, sRNA, and tRNA
true
The amount of A equals the amount of T and the amount of G equals the amount of C is known as ____________ rules
Chargaff's
the amount of A = T, and the amount of C = G
Chargaff's rules
the process in which DNA is copied
DNA replication
used X rays to learn more about DNA's structure
Franklin
found that there exists a substance that could change the characteristics of another organism
Griffith
____________ and Chase confirmed that DNA is the genetic material
Hershey
confirmed that DNA is the genetic material
Hershey and Chase
____________ contains the nitrogen base uracil
RNA
discovered the shape of DNA
Watson and Crick
Chargaff's rules state that (a) the amount of adenine equals the amount of thymine. (b) the amount of adenine equals the amount of guanine. (c) the amount of thymine equals the amount of guanine. (d) the amount of cytosine equals the amount of thymine.
a
If one strand of DNA is CAGGTTACG, the opposite strand is (a) GTCCAATGC. (b) GTCCTTAGC. (c) CAGGTTACG. (d) GTCCTTACG
a
The types of RNA include (a) messenger RNA. (b) nuclear RNA. (c) cytoplasmic RNA. (d) all of the above
a
Differences between DNA and RNA include which of the following? (1) RNA consists of one nucleotide chain. (2) RNA contains the nitrogen base uracil instead of thymine. (3) RNA contains the sugar ribose instead of deoxyribose. (a) 1, 2, and 3 (b) 1 and 2 (c) 2 and 3 (d) 2 only
b
The subunits of DNA are nucleotides consisting of (a) a sugar, a carbon group, and a nitrogen-containing base. (b) a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen-containing base. (c) a sugar, a phosphate group, and an oxygen-containing base. (d) a lipid, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen-containing base
b
Which of the following statements concerning DNA is correct? (1) DNA contains instructions for all the proteins your body makes. (2) The shape of DNA is a double helix. (3) The central dogma of molecular biology states RNA → DNA → Protein. (a) 1 only (b) 1 and 2 (c) 2 and 3 (d) 1, 2, and 3
b
The order of experiments proving that DNA is the genetic material is (a) Avery → Griffith → Hershey and Chase. (b) Hershey and Chase → Griffith → Avery. (c) Griffith → Avery → Hershey and Chase. (d) Griffith → Hershey and Chase → Avery.
c
DNA → RNA → Protein
central dogma of molecular biology
The structure of DNA was identified by (a) Rosalind Franklin. (b) Erwin Chargaff. (c) Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase. (d) James Watson and Francis Crick
d
Griffith showed that a substance could be transferred to harmless bacteria and make them ____________
deadly
DNA stands for ____________
deoxiribo nucleic acid
the shape of DNA
double helix
T/F Because of Chargaff's rules, if the order of bases on one strand of DNA is known, the order of bases on the other strand can be predicted
false
T/F For many decades, scientists thought that proteins were the genetic material
false
T/F If one strand of DNA is GAATTC, the opposite strand would be CTTAAG.
false
T/F In DNA replication, half of the parent DNA molecule is conserved in each of the two daughter DNA molecules
false
T/F RNA is much larger than DNA.
false
T/F RNA uses the instructions in DNA to make a protein.
false
T/F The shape of DNA is similar to a spiral staircase, and is referred to as a double helix
false
T/F mRNA is a copy of the genetic instructions from the DNA
false
The DNA molecule has a double ____________ shape
helix
____________ RNA copies the genetic instructions from DNA in the nucleus, and carries them to the cytoplasm
messenger
copies the genetic instructions from DNA in the nucleus, and carries the instructions to the cytoplasm
messenger RNA
subunit of DNA
nucleotide