Chapter 17 Eye and Ear

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auditory meatus

Auditory canal

eustachian tube

Auditory tube

conjunctiva

Delicate membrane lining the eyelids and covering the anterior eyeball.

cornea

Fibrous transparent layer of clear tissue that extends over the anterior portion of the eyeball.

choroid

Middle, vascular layer of the eye, between the retina and the sclera.

accommodation

Normal adjustment of the eye to focus on objects from far to near.

optic disc

Region at the back of the eye where the optic nerve meets the retina.

ossicle

Small bone of the ear; include the malleus, incus, and stapes.

sclera

Tough, white outer coat of the eyeball

cerumen

Waxy substance secreted by the external ear (earwax).

anterior chamber

area behind the cornea and in front of the lens and iris.

refraction

bending of light rays by the cornea, lens, and fluids of the eye to bring the rays into focus on the retina

pupil

black circular opening in the center of the iris through which light passes as it enters the eye

auditory canal

channel that leads from the pinna to the eardrum

iris

colored pigmented membrane surrounding the pupil of the eye

malleus

first ossicle of the middle ear; malleus means hammer

auricle

flap of the ear; the protruding part of the external ear, or pinna

aqueous humor

fluid produced by the ciliary body and found in the anterior chamber.

labyrinth

maze like series of canals of the inner ear

typanic membrane

membrane between the outer and middle ear; eardrum

incus

second ossicle (bone) of the middle ear; incus means anvil

cochlea

snail-shaped, spirally wound tube in the inner ear; contains hearing-sensitive receptor cells

vitreous humor

soft, jelly-like material behind the lens in the vitreous chamber; helps maintain the shape of the eyeball

retina

the light sensitive nerve cell layer of the eye, containing photoreceptor cells

stapes

third ossicle of inner ear, stapes means stirrup

macula

yellowish region on the retina lateral to and slightly below the optic disc; contains the fovea centralis, which is the area of clearest vision


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