chapter 4 test: sensation and perception

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The most complex and highly developed sense for humans is

vision

the _______ refers to the smallest amount of physical energy needed to produce a sensory experience

absolute threshold

an aircraft pilot with only one eye is able to guide the plane during takeoff and landing using the depth cues of...

all of the above

what type of processing takes sensory data into the system through receptors and then sends the data to the brain for analysis of information

bottom up processing

Our sensory receptors play a key role in detecting ________ in the external world.

changes

top-down processing is also known as _________ processing

conceptually driven

It may take your favorite teacher a few seconds to recognize you when you see her in the grocery store. This experience illustrates the importance of

context

the learning perspective suggests that the most important factors in determining our ability to identify a percept are

context, expectation and perceptual sets

according to the gestalt principle of _______, even when we see a line take a 90 degree turn, we still see it as the same line

continuity

each of the senses

converts physical to neural information

Sensation is to ________ as perception is to ________.

detecting a stimulus; recognizing a stimulus

weber's law states that ____ are proportional to the stimulus intensity

difference thresholds

As you view an abstract painting, you eventually see the red as the people and the black as the background, this demonstrates

figure-ground

The study of perception is primarily concerned with how we:

interpret sensory stimuli

subliminal stimulus

is at or below the absolute threshold

Annie is working on a new perfume. Her perfume has hints of lavender and rose. She has just added enough lavender for her to detect a change. What is this an example of?

just noticeable difference

when you walk through the lafeteria at lunch, you see many people seated at tables you perceive those individuals who are sitting near each other as being friends with one another. you are demonstraing what law?

law of proximity

scientific studies of subliminal messages have thus far shown

little to no effect on behaviour

According to the philosopher ________, we learn to perceive the world.

locke

elana can hear the radio even at a much lower setting than her mother. at a given setting elana can detect that there is music playing about half of the time. at the same setting, her mother cannot hear anything. elana could be said to have a __, _______than her mother

lower; absolute threshold

weber's law states that the higher the intensity of the stimulus, the _______ it will have to be _______ to result in a noticeable difference in sensory experience

more; changed

perceptual constancy reflects the understanding of the perceiver that

objects remain the same despite changes in their appearance

the phantom limb sensation indicates that

pain involves the brain's interpretation of neural activity.

interior designers use the principle of illusions to create spaciousness in an otherwise small room by

painting it in light colours

Seeing a face is to sensation as recognizing a friend's face is to

perception

_______ is heavily influenced by an individual's expectations

perception

which term refers to the process of interpreting incoming sensory patterns

perception

As a bird flies towards you, you do not perceive it as growing larger. This is primarily due to

perceptual consistency

which of the following statements is consistent with the gestalt theory of perception?

the mind organizes sensations into meaningful perceptions

illusions are more likely in each of the following conditions except

the stimulus is clear

If you were first presented with a picture of a vase and then presented with the ambiguous image of either faces or a vase, you would be more likely to perceive the vase first. In this case the initial image of a vase served as a/an _________________.

perceptual set

a person who has the most common form of blindness will probably have the hardest time distinguishing between

red and green

the process by which sensory receptors convert stimulation

sensation

Concluding her presentation on sensation and perception, Kelly notes that:

sensation and perception blend into one continuous process

a percept consist of ________ in combination with _______

sensation; associated meaning

tasting a carrot is____ remembering that you hate the taste of carrots is _______

sensation; perception

______ refers to the loss of responsiveness in receptor cells due to constant stimulation

sensory adaptation

robbie has been sitting in a hot tub for 30 minutes. he emerges and immediately jumps into the nearby pool. robbie screams because he feels that the pool water is freezing. what phenomena has caused Robbie's surprise?

sensory adaptation

nerve impulses that carry information about the external world travel along _______ to specialized processing areas in the brains

sensory pathways

______ explains when we are likely to detect weak signals

signal detection theory

when considering how a message travels from its inception to its evaluation, select the correct order of processes

stimulation, transduction, sensation, perception

in bottom up processing, the resulting percept is determined by

stimulus features

top down processing emphasizes all of the following except

stimulus features

Your dog has been lost for three days, and you cannot stop thinking about him. When you hear a bark, you assume that it is Fuzzy because of

top-down processing

the process of ______ is responsible for the conversion of physical energy to neural impulses

transduction

benji often lifts weights. after lifting a ten pound weight, he has to add two pounds to the weight in his next set to detect the difference. according to weber's law, what would benji have to add to the weight to detect the difference if he was lifting 100 pounds of weight

20 pounds

"the whole is more than the sum of its parts"is a statement reflecting

gestalt psychology

learning-based inference is to nurture as _______ is to nature

gestalt theory


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