Comm 301 Chapter 1- University of Delaware

Independence

(Don't hold relationships) Hair color and political preference Shoe size and media consumption underwear brand and communication competence

Interdependence

1) credibility and persuasiveness -those more credible are more persuasive 2)marital conflict and probability of divorce -the more conflict in marriage, more chance at divorce If relationships can't explain, then it can't answer why

Concept of Covariation (+ and -)

Different values/ amounts that vary together when 2 or more phenomena vary together, the covary, they are in a relationship, they are interdependent + covariation bigger/bigger or smaller/smaller - covariation is bigger/smaller or smaller/bigger

Self-Correcting Science

Judged by other knowledgeable scientists scientists egos always get in the way of perfect reviews scholarly reviews are critical but thorough

Concept of Empirical Relationships

Numerical quantity Relationships can be strong/weak How strong is strong and how weak is weak

Public Science

Results of science are public and published The process is replicable All universities are required to make research public

Systematic Science

Science builds on itself in a systematic manner stream of research process in finding a result

Independence vs Interdependence

Where there are relationships, there is meaning, there is significance Statistics and numbers tell you where to look for theories on why

Relationships among Phenomena

do these things seem to go together

Objective Science

making your valued judgements known every time we make a decision on research, there are values involved

Covariation vs Causation

property that can be identified with statistics explanation/answer to the why question Causation- smoking and lung cancer Covariation- TV portrayals and awareness of marital difficulty