Ethnic Conflicts Project

policy and compensate

The main bodies within the UN in charge of protecting human rights mostly monitor and investigate (study the impacts and extent) of violations. What can't the main bodies in the UN do? They cannot force states to change a ......... or ........... a victim

European Convention on Human Rights.

The video explains "not all human rights instruments are powerless (3:53)." What are examples of organizations that can enforce laws or hear cases? ..........

Universally and transgressors

The video lists two reasons why we continue to see human rights abuses. It is difficult to .......... enforce these rights. It is difficult to Punish ............. (someone who violates a law or moral code).

movement and leave

UDHR Article 13. (1) Everyone has the right to freedom of ........... and residence within the borders of each state. (2) Everyone has the right to ......... any country, including his own, and to return to his country.

religion

UDHR Article 18. Everyone has the right to freedom of thoughy, conscience and ............; this right includes freedom to change his (same term) or belief, and freedom, either alone or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his (same term) or belief in teaching, practice, worship and observance.

education

UDHR Article 26. (1) Everyone has the right to ........... it shall be free, at least in the elementary and fundamental stages. Elementary (same term) shall be compulsory. Technical and professional (same term) shall be made generally available and higher (same term) shall be equally accessible to all on the basis of merit. (2) It shall be directed to the full development of the human personality and to the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. It shall promote understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations, racial or religious groups, and shall further the activities of the United Nations for the maintenance of peace. (3) Parents have a prior right to choose the kind of (same term) that shall be given to their children.

slavery

UDHR Article 4. No one shall be held in ........... or servitude; (same term) and the (same term) trade shall be prohibited in all their forms.

torture

UDHR Article 5. No one shall be subjected to ............ or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.

arbitrary

UDHR Article 9. No one shall be subjected to ............ arrest, detention or exile.

kosovo, Milosevic, KLA, NATO, and war crimes

What were the key events of the .......... conflict? 1989-.......... comes into power and pushes Serbs to abuse Albanians 1998- the ............. causes an uprising against the Serb police which pushes the Serbs to retaliate and begin the ethnic cleansing against the Albanians. This jumpstarts the conflict On Jan. 15, 1999 there was a massacre of Albanians which lead to ............, an alliance between different world powers, taking notice May 28, 1999: the people responsible for the ethnic cleansing, such as Milosevic are charged with ..........

Cambodian, resetting, and Killing Fields

What were the key events of the .......... conflict? After Pol Pot took power he assigned roles to men such as managing laborers or eliminating opposition Set his plan of ........... the country into motion such as changing much of its currency, religious practices, removing People from their jobs, etc. The .......... were filled with the people who died in an effort to consolidate khmer Rouge's power Survivors were put to work by the Khmer Rouge and could not fight back because they were too weak The Khmer Rouge was not completely gone until the early 1990s

Bosnian, Cyrus Vance, concentration camps, NATO, and Dayton peace agreement

What were the key events of the ........... conflict? During 1990 and 1991 Serbs in Croatia started violence and the first deaths of the Bosnian genocide During 1992 ............ negotiated a ceasefire in Croatia and the serbs gained Independence and planned for Massacre of Muslims In 1993 bosnians and croatians fought amongst each other and bosnians and serbs fought against each other The croats opened .......... for Muslims In 1994 The serbs attacked Sarajevo causing ........ to take action which failed and the fighting became more prominent 1995 increased fighting NATO to fire more which causes ............. to be signed ending the Bosnian War

Rwanda, Habyarimana, roadblocks, and FPR

What were the key events of the ........... conflict? The main start of the conflict was shoot down of president .......... The Killing began with the pro- ....... hutu politicians The Hutu government wanted to get rid of the Tutsis and they set up ........... and death squads to kill them On July 4th FPR took over the capitol and its members became main people in the government

Armenian and World War II

What were the key events of the ........... conflict? when the Ottomans faced defeat in .............they blamed the Armenians and soon the Turks caused mass killings of the Armenian people

bosnian and international criminal Tribunal

What were the results of the ......... conflict? The.............. for Yugoslavia was formed Leaders of the conflict were held accountable for their actions

Darfur, displaced and stolen

What were the results of the .......... conflict? People were .......... and fled to nearby camps many response teams tried to help the Sudanese people and their belongings were ....... much of the Darfur Village was destroyed many of Darth Vader's refugees have yet to return to the Villages many of the perpetrators of the conflict have yet to be held accountable

Cambodian and employment

What were the results of the .......... conflict? There was a lack of ................ and an extreme dent in the economy and rebuilding of Cambodia The government was weak but eventually recovered some of the perpetrators were let go instead of properly punished

kosovo, imprisoned, and country

What were the results of the ........... conflict? Many Albanians died and were forced out of their homes albanians were ......... and women were raped Kosovo became its own ........ Took several years to fix damage inflicted on Kosovo

Rwanda, refugees, and countries

What were the results of the ........... conflict? Rwandan citizens were sent to education camps and there were many ....... refugee camps became a growing problem many women and children in the refugee camps were dragged into the conflicts of neighboring ........... Many hutus were Held accountable for the genocide The UN and human rights organization only accused the major people that had a role in the conflict

Armenian, Turks, Allied, and Young Turks

What were the results of the ........... conflict? there were many Armenian refugees When the Armenians try to return to their homes they could not because Either the .......... were living in them or they had been destroyed or ransacked .......... Powers refuse to bring the issue to an international level ............ were tried and held responsible for their actions but only years after the conflict

Northern Ireland, Republicans, UK, equal, reversed, and divide

What were the results of the ..........conflict? Much of security measures, legislation censorship, special Criminal Courts, and heavy-handed policing was biased towards the ......... Northern Ireland's economy was severely damaged and still relies on the ....... there are an ......... amount of Catholics and Protestants in Ireland Nationalists gained more from the war than unionists. Discrimination againsts catholics was ........, but republicans put aside their demand for uniting Ireland and ended up agreeing to ....... it.

hatred and WWII

What were the results of the rape of Nanjing conflict? There was an extremely large death and rape toll There was a deep ....... between the chinese against the japanese Contributed to ......... Some people still believe the massacre did not occur Tani, a prominent Japanese military commander was held accountable for his crimes and so was Iwane Matsui

Matsui Iwane and Chiang Kai-Shek

Who were the major players in the Rape of Nanjing conflict .........- led the Imperial Japanese Army as a major perpetrator of the conflict. ............was a Military and Nationalist leader. He had ordered the removal of mostly all Chinese troops from the city The International Committee was a group of Westerners who had stayed back in Nanjing to aid civilians.

Bosnian, Milosevic, Franjo Tudjman, Cyrus vance, Karadzic, and Mladic

Who were the major players of the ......... conflict ......... was the president of Serbia ............was the president of Croatia ......... was an upstander to the conflict Radovan ......... was the leader of the Bosnian serbs Ratko ......... was the leader of the Bosnian serbs after around 11 American such as Jimmy Carter Bill Clinton and Richard Holbrook Holbrook played a role in interfering with the conflict Alija Izetbegovic -- President of the Bosniaks

kosovo, Milosevic, terrorist, and air

Who were the major players of the .......... conflict ..............-President of Serbia, Strong nationalism, Wanted the Albanians to leave Kosovo, and Used the Serbian military and police KLA- Kosovo Liberation Army, Fought for independence of Kosovo, Made of Albanians, used violence to achieve their goals, and Considered a ........... organization by many nations NATO-North Atlantic Treaty Organization, Wanted conflict to be resolved, Facilitated various peacekeeping talks, Used .......... demonstrations and bombing to show their power and force others to surrender

Rwanda and Robert Kajuga

Who were the major players of the .......... conflict? ............. the leader of Interahamwe killed anyone that did not support his group Interahamwe FPR

Darfur, Bashir, and Reeves

Who were the major players of the .......... conflict? The major players included sudans Armed Forces, janjaweed, president ............ who was charged with genocide, and Professor .......... who was an upstander for sudan

Armenian, Tallats, and CUP

Who were the major players of the ........... conlfict The Turks There was legalized murder done by a secret organization under the ........ direction ........ leadership supervised government officials and force them to kill Armenians

Kosovo, resolved, history, and destruction

lessons to be learned from ......... conflict -conflicts that have been a problem for several years are often not ........ after the fall of one leader or a single event. -Genocides have a long ......... behind them. -This conflict between the Serbs and Albanians teaches you about human nature and people's capacity for ...............

Cambodian, tyrants, single party, and Knowing

lessons to be learned from the ........ conflict -When ........ take over countries, they tend to gain as much power as possible and eliminate as much competition as possible. -When .......... leaders take over countries, they tend to employ the most brutal and unethical practices possible. These happen to be the most effective as well. -.......... history is important so that it does not happen again. If the Cambodian civilians knew of WWII, which had happened 40 years earlier, they probably would have recognized the Khmer Rouge's actions more clearly and have done something about it.

Northern Ireland, Violence, compromise, and different

lessons to be learned from the .......... conflict -.......... is not the solution to conflict -Sometimes you have to .......... to solve a problem (dividing Ireland) -Just because someone is ........ doesn't mean they deserve to be persecuted

bosnian, greed, division, and peace

lessons to be learned from the .......conflict -Don't let ......... get the best of you, because it will only lead to conflict. -War only leads to more .......... -Creating ....... is a lengthy process.

Armenian, Islam, Christianity, and disloyal

Additional Information about the ......... conflict (recent events, global intervention, and geography) ........ in turkey and ........... in Armenia caused between the two groups because the Armenians lived on both sides of a Russian and ottoman border they were seen as .......... There was not much Global intervention because people wanted to delete any information about the genocide recent events have shown that the US has been trying to spread awareness for the conflict

Cambodian, poverty, and Vietnamese

Additional Information about the .......... conlfict (recent events, global intervention, and geography) Recent events show that the country is still in .............. and is in a major depression The ................ tried to raise awareness of the genocide and were Able to displace Pol Pot from his throne during the conlifct

Kosovo, Richard Holdbrooke, Kosovo, Geographic, and Serbian

Additional Information about the ........... conflict (recent events, global intervention, and geography) NATO forced Milosevic to withdraw from Kosovo ..............convinced Milosevic to end chaos in Kosovo recent events-White house invited leaders of serbia and kosovo to discuss further peace agreements but leader of ......... charged with war crimes -Milosevic used propaganda to make NATO seem bad. Each side used propaganda against each other Kosovo was the ........ boundary of Orthodox Christians and Ottoman Muslims, Used to be the center of the ......... Empire

Rwanda, Tutsi Rebel Army, and international War crime Tribunal

Additional Information about the ........... conflict (recent events, global intervention, and geography) The conflict was not stopped by global intervention but instead when the .......... pushed the hutus out Many countries did not want to interfere in fear of being pulled into the conflict Belgian soldiers were pulled out of the conflict and French troops arrived but they did not help very much In December of 1994 the UN made an .............. for Rwanda Recent events show that people responsible for the genocide are still being found and held accountable

Darfur, Natural Resources, climate, and fenced

Additional Information about the ........... conflict (recent events, global intervention, and geography) There was a shorted shortage of ............. which caused fighting among the groups there was a harsh ................ for the tribes Farmers ......... Land causing issues between them and the nomads China and Russia supported the government during the genocide the leader of Chad supported the rebel groups recent events have shown the United States has helped keep peace could not do much during the actual conflict

Bosnian, civil war, and America

Additional Information about the ............ conlfict (recent events, global intervention, and geography) The serbs attacked Bosnian towns and cities in order to take control milosevic and Tudjman wanted land 2 achieve a greater Serbia Recent events show dead bodies from the conflict are still found today main leaders of the conflict are being charged with war crimes NATO and the UN interfered with the conflict classifying it as a .............. .......... lead the Dayton peace agreement

rape of Nanjing, Manchuria, Durdin, and Steele

Additional Information about the ............... conflict (recent events, global intervention, and geography) ........ was invaded because of its vulnerable positioning and allowed the invasion of Nanking The massacre was not stopped by global intervention because no one knew it was happening or believed it Two American reporters, ....... and ....... witnessed some of the atrocities committed in Nanking's rape Recently a memorial was made for the massacre, a day of remembrance, and future efforts to increase the friendship between china and japan

Northern Ireland, Potato Famine, Army, United States, Libyan dictator, Britain, and European Union

Additional Information about the .........conflict (recent events, global intervention, and geography) Irish Catholics were angry at the British about the ....................... and even more angry at the Protestants who sided with the British because Britain and Ireland were close together the conflict escalated British ........ had a major role to play in the conflict the IRA how to Port from the ......... and ..........,Muhammad el-Qaddafi, which increased its power and influence The Republic of Ireland is still indebted to ....... Northern Ireland wants to stay in the ........, even though the U.K. wants to leave. Because of this, it seems like there is a possibility for Ireland to reunite.

Armenian, important, special, Christianity, converted, nationalism, Russians, and internal

Describe how the acts of the .......... conflict were carried out. First ......... leaders were killed the ottoman government put extreme strength into killing the Armenian people such as .......... training many of the captured Armenians were tortured The Killing squads removed any influence of ......... including the people many Armenian children were kidnapped, .......... to Islam and given two new families Ottomans used propaganda to convince the public the Armenians were threatening ottoman ........, that the Armenians associated with the ........, and the Armenians were an ......... enemy

Cambodian, Educated, systematically, and speeches

Describe how the acts of the ........... conlfict were carried out Many students were taken out of their jobs and sent to work on farms Much of economy, religious practices, and education were changed under Pol Pot's control ............. people were killed on site Killings were carried out .............. and soldiers would patrol the streets Propaganda was used through ..........

Rwanda, Propaganda, and face-to-face

Describe how the acts of the ............ conflict were carried out ......... what used in radios and so was peer pressure Because the RPF and government signed an agreement the hutus increased anti tutsi propaganda tutsi students were removed from their schools and universities There were massacres from both hutus and Tutsis There was often........... killing including machetes The Tutsis were required to carry around identity cards and extremist doctors refuse to treat Tutsis

Northern Ireland, Catholics, and propaganda

Describe how the acts were carried out in the ........ conflict. Many British soldiers shot innocent ......... during a parade The British tried to excuse violence using ........... and tried to convince the public that they were just trying to control violence from the Catholics The Acts were carried out because the Irish were not afraid of the British and fought back

Bosnian and terrorists

Describe how the acts were carried out in the .......... conflict Acts were carried out through much violence, concentration camps, propaganda in the media, and suppression People of the country were convinced that the violence against the Muslims was justified, through propaganda, because they were .............

kosovo, Nationalism, land, and Guerilla

Describe how the acts were carried out in the .......... conflict The acts were carried out because Milosevic was a strong charismatic leader, .......... of the Serbs, Deep rooted discrimination against Albainians, historically significant ........., and weak KLA Serbs used Discrimination, Destruction of businesses, Ethnic cleansing, and Propaganda Albanians used .......... warfare and Propaganda

rape of Nanjing, Systematic, Propaganda, and superior

Describe how the acts were carried out in the .......... conflict Rape, killing, and torture was used on women especially The comfort-station (a brothel) was ......... as it violated human rights and international laws. Japanese soldiers had competition on who could kill more of the Chinese .......... was used by Children being brainwashed into thinking their race was superior and denial of the massacre happening at all The acts were allowed to be carried out because the japanese believed they were ......... and many were oblivious to what was actually happening The japanese were convinced it was right because the chinese would not surrendered any other way

Darfur, systematic, and Khartoum

Describe how the acts were carried out in the ............ conflict government of Sudan had a .............. approach to aiding those in the region there was much killing and destruction of property The government did not try to stop the perpetrators -the people in the country were unaware of the genocide and ......... (capital of sudan) denied the genocide and used lies and propaganda

inherent and entitled

Human rights are rights .......... to all human beings, whatever our nationality, place of residence, sex, national or ethnic origin, color, religion, language, or any other status. We are all equally ......... to our human rights without discrimination.

drafted

In 1948, the UN General Assembly ................ [wrote] the UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights is important because it defines the meaning of "fundamental freedoms" and "human rights" and declares that these rights should be universally protected. While the UN Declaration defines human rights, it is not a treaty, which means it is not legally binding. Nations can choose to protect or not protect the human rights listed in the document.

Northern Ireland, IRA, Irish, and British

The ......... conflict Who are the perpetrators? Who are the victims? The ........ was seen as Defenders of the Catholics and protected Ireland the victims were the ............ catholics .......... protestants were perpetrators

United Nations and League of Nations

The .................... is an intergovernmental organization to promote international cooperation established in 1945 after World War II in order to prevent another such conflict. The UN replaced the............, an organization that also attempted to promote cooperation among nations after World War I

Eleanor Roosevelt

1. Who wrote the UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights? An international committee chaired by ...........

Bosnian, serbs, Bosnian Muslims, and croats

......... conflict The ........... were the perpetrators and the ...........were the victims The ........ were the victims of the serbs and perpetrators Bosnian Muslims The main differences between the groups were religion and tension from World War 1

Armenian, Armenians and Muslims

.......... conflict The victims were the .......... the perpetrators were The Young Turks or .......... the main differences between them were religious

Darfur, Janjaweed, and tribal

........... conflict The perpetrators were the ........... who were supported by Sudan Armed Forces ......... groups such as Arabs, non-arabs, and black Africans were the victims

Cambodian, Khmer Rouge, and citizens

............ conflict The perpetrators of the Conflict where the ...........controlled by Pol Pot the victims Were the ............ of Cambodia that were seen as a threat to the Khmer Rouge specifically educated people

Kosovo, serbs, Albanians, and religious

............ conflict Who are the perpetrators? Who are the victims? The perpetrators were the .......... The victims were the kosovar ........... The had cultural and ......... differences

Rwanda, hutus, tutsis, Habyarimana, and Interahamwe

.............conflict Perpetrators were the .......... Victims were the .......... Colonization made ethnic differences more important, western ideals of race and such Under ............ the president of Rwanda tutsis were scapegoated and killed ........... was one of the more dangerous youth groups of the hutus because they had more military training The Interahamwe was supported by French forces and the Rwandan government The national revolutionary movement for development was established as a political party and its goal was to advance the Hutu people The ethnic differences between the two groups are not very distinct because they had a common language and culture and lived amongst each other

jRape of Nanjing, japanese, Chinese, ethnic, inferior, and prostitutes

..........conflict Who are the perpetrators? Who are the victims? The perpetrators were .......... soldiers The victims were citizens and surrendered soldiers of ......... origin after the end of the Sino-Japanese War. The differences between them were ......... and racial beliefs The chinese were seen as ....... Chinese women were forced to become ....... and made to provide "comfort" to the Japanese soldiers and military personnel.

bosnian and concentration camps

Should the ......... conflict be considered an act of genocide? This should be considered a genocide because there was a lot of killing of a specific group, many victims were sent to ..........

Darfur and ethnicity

Should the ......... conflict be considered an act of genocide? this is considered a genocide because the non-arabs and black Africans were targeted because of their ........ and many of them were killed and tortured

Cambodian and mass

Should the .......... conlflict be considered an act of genocide? This is a genocide because there was a ........... killing of civilians and there was much torture as well all in return for power

Rwanda and Tutsis

Should the ........... conflict be considered an act of genocide? This is a Act of genocide because ........... were killed in large groups The people of Rwanda were convinced to be prejudiced against the Tutsis

multiple and Northern Ireland

Should the ........... conflict be considered an act of genocide? This is not considered a genocide because ......... groups were targeted and both sides caused conflict

kosovo and gender

Should the ........... conflict considered an act of genocide? Yes it is a genocide because Albanian men were arrested, interrogated, interned, remanded, fired from their jobs and migrated, there were many ............ selective mass killings

Armenian and expand

Should the ............. conlfict be considered an act of genocide? This is a genocide because many Armenians were killed in order for the turks to ........their empire

chinese

Should the rape of Nanjing conflict be considered an act of genocide? This is considered a genocide because thousands of .......... were killed because of their enthinity

The Rape of Nanking, Declaration of Human Rights, Blindness, and positives

What are the three big lessons to be learned from ............? This conflict/genocide was one of the leading forces to create organizations and documents such as the UN and .......... .......... of the people in the form of ignorance can decide the outcome of a conflict. There are always ............ to come out of negatives, and that ethnic conflicts allow us to live the way we do today because of the past experiences of humans as a race, species, and overarching culture.

Bosnian, Josip Broz Tito, and communist

What was the historical background that led to the ......... conflict? .......... United different countries into Yugoslavia after he died nationalist made the public follow their beliefs there was a poor economy because of mixed opinions about marketing democracy failed the country so Yugoslavia turned into a ......... Nation

Northern Ireland, English, planters, and Ulster

What was the historical background that led to the ......... conflict? There was a struggle with Irish leaders and ........... kings much of England turned Protestant there was conflict between the native Catholics and the .........., which were people who were in "unplanted" areas of ....... And specifically Scottish and English settlers

Armenian, Christianity, and Muslim

What was the historical background that led to the .......... conflict? When Armenia converted into ............ it became a target of .......... conquests and when Armenia became part of the Ottoman Empire the Armenians rights were limited and the tension grew

Cambodian, Geneva Convention, Lon Nol, and Pol Pot

What was the historical background that led to the ............. conflict? After Cambodia was granted freedom from France the nation was put under the rule of Prince Sihanouk Under The ............ After Prince Prince Sihanouk, General ......... killed thousands of civilians and the Cambodian government focused on the idea of ethnic cleansing Saloth Sar(...............), a student, got involved with Lon nol's group, overtook the party, called the khmer Rouge, and forcefully overtook cambodia

Darfur, Sudanese ,SLA, and JEM

What was the historical background that led to the ............. conflict? The ........... government was very against the Arab nomads and this caused the two groups to fight the ..... and....... we're two groups that were created an effort to attack the government of Sudan the Sudanese Civil War started the genocide

Rwanda, Hutu and economic

What was the historical background that led to the ............. conflict? The Tutsis were privileged above the hutus There was a .......... revolutionary movement and widespread Tutsis violence in the 1950s Because of the ............ depression in the mid-1980s the class gap between the two groups increased

Rape of Nanjing, china, sino-japanese, and younger

What was the historical background that led to the .............conflict? In 1931 a bomb was set off in ........ and japan decided it was time to attack china During the ..........war because the japanese could not get the chinese to surrender they raped and killed them The ......... generation was made to believe that they were a superior race

Ottoman turks, grew, serbia, and self rule

What was the historical background that led to the kosovo conflict? ........... took over destroyed the Serbian Empire and took over Kosovo Serbs were forced out and albanian population ........... Albaians revolted against ottoman empire and kosovo got annexed by ........ Milosevic came into power and ended kosovo's ..........

Northern Ireland, Bloody Sunday and Dublin

What were the key events of the ....... conflict? The incident of ............ where British soldiers fired and killed many Catholic civil rights demonstrators caused an uprise in conflict There was a bombing in ....... and many people were affected

Darfur, Villages, and rebels

What were the key events of the ......... conflict? The key events of the conflict included multiple acts of Terror from the government of Sudan, primary.......... being destroyed and non-arabs being killed, ........... attacking government, and prosecutors investigating the governments leaders

Rape of Nanjing, Nanking, and international military tribunal

What were the key events of the .......... conflict? 1937-......... was invaded by Japanese There was .......... in 1945 which counted the large death toll in Nanking 1946 and 1947-perpetrators was convicted on March 10 and trials began discussing this violation of human rights

darfur, ethnicity, Unity, and Generalize

three lessons to be learned from the ........ conflict -People shouldn't judge based on ......... and race: It's not fair or right to create a dislike towards someone for the amount of money they have or their place in society. That should not be a reason to dislike a group as a whole. People cannot judge someone based on their ethnicity, and then suppress them for that reason. This occured when non-arabs and blacks were targeted in this ethnic conflict. -Importance of ...........: Darfur had been divided for a long time between nomads and farmers. There was also this major conflict between the Arabs and non-Arabs. If the division was lessened there would be less tension and wars in Darfur. If this region could be more united they would respect each others religions and ethnicities to avoid future conflict. -People shouldn't ..........: The idea or generalization or grouping people together based off of an assumption occurred during this ethnic conflict. The Janjaweed assumed that all non-Arabs and black people were supporting the rebel groups even when they had no evidence. This was an excuse and an awful result of poor assumptions.

rwanda, full, out, and Human

three lessons to be learned from the ............. conflict Realize the ......... conflict: International didn't realize this was an event of years of hate Saw as anger towards death of President Habyarimana Don't pull ........ of a human rights conflict, just so you don't get pulled in Belgium kind of knew what was happening Troop commanders ask for more troops, but got pulled out .......... rights of one people is rights of everyone Ostracization of racial groups can only hurt you as well Filled with hate Tutsi and Hutu spent years killing each other Only pain can be found