HUSH chapter 17
The process of making steel developed by Henry Bessemer
involved blowing air through to remove impurities. Adding ingredients to molten iron developed by William Kelly
In the American business community at the end of the nineteenth century
one percent of all corporations controlled one third of all manufacturing
Until its repeal in 1885, the Labor Contract Law
put many new immigrants in debt to American businessmen
In the early twentieth century, a principal goal of "Taylorism" was to
reorganize industrial production by dividing it up into smaller, simple tasks
The Haymarket Square riot of 1886
resulted in the conviction and execution of several anarchists / death of the Knights
During the late nineteenth century, the growth of large corporations was helped by
sales of company stock to the public
In the late nineteenth century, due to the growth of industrial capitalism, American workers
saw a rise in the standard of living, lost control over their work, and were forced to contend with dangerous working conditions
In 1917, automobile production in the United States
saw nearly 5 million cars on American roads
In the late nineteenth century, industry in the United States
saw the government eager to assist in growth
Prior to the Civil War, the steel industry in the United States
saw very little development
In the late nineteenth century, the writer Henry George argued in favor of a
single land tax to replace all other taxes
During the 1870s and 1880s, most of the immigrants to the United States came from
Britain and northern Europe
In the late nineteenth century, the first and most important promoter of Social Darwinism was
Herbert Spencer
At its height in 1886, the Knights of Labor were led by
Terrance V Powderly
In what industry did the Homestead strike of 1892 occur?
The steel industry
One key to Henry Ford's success in the mass production of automobiles was
$290
By 1900, the average yearly income of American workers was
$400-$500, whereas $600 was the minimum to live semi comfortably
Which of the following events did NOT occur during the Homestead strike of 1892?
Amalgamated trade union did not win the strike
Samuel Gompers was the leader of the
American Federation of Labor
In the 1870s, the "internal combustion engine" was developed in
Europe
Which of the following statements about the American railroad industry in the late nineteenth century is FALSE?
It saw congress outlaw railroad combinations
Who among the following was NOT significantly associated with the steel industry?
James J. Hill
Who among the following began to develop an oil empire by taking control of competing oil companies in Ohio?
John D. Rockefeller
The first significant oil production in the United States occurred in
Pennsylvania
In the United States, the steel industry first emerged in
Pennsylvania and Ohio
Eugene V. Debs played a leading role in what labor event?
Pullman Strike
One key to Henry Ford's success in the mass production of automobiles was
The assembly line
The Knights of Labor
began as a secret fraternal organization.
n the late nineteenth century, most American business millionaires
began their careers in positions of wealth and privilege
The late-nineteenth-century sociologist Lester Frank Ward
believed that human intelligence not natural selection shaped society
The Pullman strike of 1894
caused the president to order federal troops to break up the strike
The Pullman strike of 1894 began when George Pullman, owner of the company
cut wages by 25%
To John D. Rockefeller, the great "curse" of business in the late nineteenth century was
cutthroat competition
In his books, Horatio Alger
emphasized the value of personal character in business.
In the late nineteenth century, organized labor failed to make great gains for all of the following reasons EXCEPT
federal and state laws to protect workers, which didn't exist
In the late nineteenth century, Daniel De Leon
founded the socialist labor party in the United States
Edward Bellamy's 1888 book, Looking Backward,
imagined an ideal future where all corporations were united into one trust
During the late nineteenth century, child labor in the United States
increased significantly
The Molly Maguires were a militant
labor union in the coal industry
In 1900, regarding work conditions in American factories,
laborers could expect to work at least 60 hours a week
In 1900, the emergence of research laboratories in American corporations
led to the diversification of research interests
The open-hearth process of making steel
made the production of large dimension pieces possible. Hewitt invented
The Pennsylvania Railroad was created by
the Pennsylvania steel company
In the late nineteenth century, the needs of the American steel industry directly contributed to the further development of all of the following EXCEPT
the automobile industry
According to the ideas expressed by Andrew Carnegie in his The Gospel of Wealth,
the rich had great responsibilities to society
In the late nineteenth century, Social Darwinists argued that people who failed economically in the United States did so because
they were not fit to survive in the market
Orville and Wilbur Wright's first successful airplane flight in 1903
took place near Kitty Hawk, North Carolina
The business structure of Standard Oil is a good example of
vertical and horizontal integration
The business structure of Carnegie Steel was a good example of
vertical integration
The great railroad strike of 1877
was launched in response to a wage cut.
The theory of Social Darwinism
was used to justify the consequences of social Darwinism
During the late nineteenth century, anarchists in the United States
were relatively peaceful, were linked to terrorism in the public eye as well as labor unions
