Quiz 3

A "deficit model" of culture assumes that a society may be "backward" or "lacking" in some way and is typical of ethnocentric thinking. A) True B) False

A

A social status that we are born with or grow into as we mature that required no active choice on our part is an ascribed status. A) True B) False

A

An ______ analysis the attempts to explain cultural practices from an actor-orientated perspective. A) Emic B) Ethnographic C) Etic D) Ethnological

A

As presented in lecture, Russians find the American response to the question "How are you?" insincere because everyone knows no one is ever "fine." A) True B) False

A

During the height of nationalism sentiment in the 1980s in Quebec, it was not uncommon to see the "Stop" painted over on signed in French-speaking neighborhoods or the "Arrêt" painted over in English-speaking areas. This practice effectively turned signs into symbols. A) True B) False

A

The reference to persona the masks used in Greek plays during lecture was an illustration of the ... A) Multiple relationships and roles individuals have as social actors. B) The importance of conforming to social expectations in all circumstances. C) The need for behavioral flexibility in adjusting one's actions to conflicting expectations. D) Tragedy and comedy in theatre.

A

A symbolic association exists between rejection of social norms and degree of bodily constraint. A good example of this would be A) A soldier. B) An Anchorite. C) A policeman. D) A and C only

B

According to lecture, if you go out to dinner with a friend and the friend pays, leaving you feeling obligated to buy him/her dinner the next night so that you do not continue to have an obligation to him/her, what does that say about the quality of your relationship? A) You have a strong, enduring relationship with that person B) You have a weak, possibly distrustful relationship with that person C) This exchange says nothing about the relationship you have with that person D) You will only be able to evaluate the relationship after you have repaid the social debt

B

Rogoff would say that a survey based on extensive interviews of community members to determine what questions to ask used would be an example of a ______ etic. Using that same survey in a different community would be an example of a(n) ____ etic. A) Deficit/Derived B) Imposed/Derived C) Derived/Imposed D) Imposed/Deficit

C

When Rogoff says that "Humans are biologically cultural," she means that... A) Biology and culture are inseparable factors in determining the individual's development. B) Biology and culture are independent of one another. C) Biology is the most important factor in determining the individual's development. D) Culture is the most important factor in determining the individual's development.

A

When a member of a group starts dating someone her friends do not like they can use various methods to express their disapproval and to bring pressure on her. Which of the three would be the most serious? A) Ostracism B) Gossip C) Ridicule D) Sanction

A

Which of the following is one of the four near-universal 'constants' in the social and cultural aspects of drinking? A) The symbolic use of alcohol to define social situations and enhance solidarity. B) The expectation that drinking will result in violent, aggressive behavior. C) The expectation that drinking will result in amorous or sexual behavior. D) All of the above

A

Which of the following statements is NOT true? A) In Michigan, anyone with a B.A.C. greater than 0.10 would be considered a drunk driver. B) Coffee or a strong caffeinated drink will not sober you up faster. C) Your body continues to absorb alcohol for 60 to 90 minutes after you stop drinking. D) Twelve ounces of beer, five ounces of wine and a 1.5 ounce shot of 80 proof vodka all contain the same amount of alcohol.

A

_______ informants are capable of detachment that is looking at their society objectively. A) Analytical B) Crystallized C) Immersed D) Egocentric

A

According to the textbook and lecture, when the Zande boy tripped over a root in the woods, he attributed it to witchcraft. What part of that experience does "witchcraft" explain for him? A) A witch put the root there that day because she knew he would be walking that way B) That root was always there, but that day witchcraft made it so that he tripped C) He was in a trance because he was practicing witchcraft and he didn't see the root

B

Margaret Mead's research in Samoa confirmed G. Stanley Hall's theory that adolescence is to be a time of rebelliousness, emotional crisis or self-centeredness everywhere in the world. A) True B) False

B

Symbols are ____ because they are tangible representations of beliefs and as such permit people to interact physically with what are otherwise abstract notions. A) Signs B) Bipolar C) Artificial D) Universal

B

The fact that people become more relaxed, outgoing and talkative when they've have a glass of wine or a bottle of beer indicates that alcohol is a stimulant. A) True B) False

B

The gender role training view says gender differences appear to be biologically determined as are the tasks assigned to males and females in a society. A) True B) False

B

What do the tesguina-drinking festivals of the Tarahumara, the Roman Saturnalia, the Greek Bacchanalia and the annual Bovine Festival of the Hide of northern Cameroon all have in common? A) Participants engage in extramarital and uninhibited sexual behavior. B) They are a "time out" from the strictures of everyday life during which conventional social norms are suspended. C) They are characterized by excessive drinking and socially disruptive behavior. D) This is the only time of the year when alcohol is consumed in their societies.

B

When Dr. Handrick found himself backing away while talking with a friend from Mexico because he was standing too close is an example of ______. A) Cultural relativism B) Proxemics C) Ethnocentrism D) Language differences

B

When a person has been drinking, his or her behavior is no longer governed by social norms. A) True B) False

B

____ is the term used to describe certain practices, such as the Inuit custom that forbids a boy to eat the meat of the first seal he kills or that forbids men from butchering his first seal, ? A) Ritual B) Taboo C) Ceremony D) Rational Explanation

B

33. Anyone with a B.A.C. greater than 0.08 would be considered a drunk driver in Michigan. Using the chart above, which of the following statements is correct? A) A 120 pound person who has had five 12 oz. beers and drove a car four hours after her last beer would not be considered intoxicated in Michigan. B) A 180 pound person who had six 5 oz. glasses of wine should be ok to drive in Michigan two hours after his last drink. C) The BAC of an 80 pound person would be roughly twice that of a 160 pound person who consumed the same amount of alcohol in the same period of time. D) All of the above (CHART NOT PICTURED)

C

A society that does not have well-integrated, positive and consistent beliefs about alcohol consumption, such as the UK, and experiences more alcohol related problems, is typically a ___________ according to the Fox and Marsh article? A) Primitive Society B) Wet Society C) Temperance Society D) Non-Temperance Society

C

According to Barrett, Benabarre's informants were surprised to discover that they had arranged the cards into social "piles"; this is an example of... A) Ideal behavior C) Latent underlying form B) Fieldwork D) Subjective understanding

C

According to lecture, when the Cheyenne Council of the 44 restored clothes, horses, and weapons to the Arapaho hunters whose belongings had been taken because they had spoiled the hunt—a debt that the hunters could never repay—is an example of which of the following? A) Prestation B) Balanced Reciprocity C) Skewed Reciprocity D) Negative Reciprocity

C

Friends sharing cigarettes is a type of ______ reciprocity. A) Negative B) Generalized C) Balanced D) Skewed

C

In Vygotsky's terms, we studied the ________ development of humans the first half of this course . A) Ontogenetic B) Cultural historical C) Phylogenetic D) Chronological

C

In the syllogism, "All men are mortal. Socrates is a man. Socrates is mortal." the phrase "Socrates is a man" is... A) Conclusion B) Major premise C) Minor premise D) Transitional phrase

C

The "zone of proximal development" refers to... A) Children learning to think through isolation from adults because it forces them to think without help. B) Children learning to think through interaction with other children that are younger than they are C) Children learning to think through interaction with adults and more experienced peers beyond the level at which they could perform without assistance D) Children learning to think through isolation from peers because it forces them to not let peers influence them

C

When a student is pledging to a sorority and is told she must spend all of her free time in the coming week preparing a homecoming float even though she is struggling with her calculus course and has an exam in it and a term paper due on Thursday, she is experiencing... A) Relativism B) Angst C) Role conflict D) Ethnocentrism

C

Which of the following statements about syllogisms as described in Rogoff is not true? A) Syllogisms represent a specialized form of language problems that are characteristic of schooling and literacy. B) The inability of non-literate people such a shepherds in eastern Anatolia to treat syllogisms as logical problems is because they have not learned how to use the inductive method. C) The inability of non-literate people such a shepherds in eastern Anatolia to treat syllogisms as logical problems is because they lack the necessary cognitive ability. D) Syllogisms require a willingness to accept a premise that one cannot verify and to base one's conclusions on it.

C

_______ refers to socially disruptive behaviors associated with the consumption of beverage alcohol. A) Alcoholism B) Drunkeness C) Alcohol abuse D) Remission

C

According to Social and Cultural Aspects of Drinking, how does alcohol help maintain reciprocity within communities and groups? A) Prescription of sociability dictates that alcohol must be shared and exchanged. B) Proscription of drinking alone dictates that alcohol must be shared and exchanged. C) The sharing and exchanging of alcohol serves to establish and maintain interpersonal and social bonds. D) All of the above

D

Based on her experience living in a small village in Iraq, Elizabeth Fernea... A) Came to understand how the women themselves perceived their circumstances and gained insight into their pleasures and satisfactions. B) Was unable to convince her friends in the West that wearing veiling and seclusion of women, symbolized by the abayah, did not necessarily mean that they were forced to live a life of submission and near-serfdom. C) Was unable to convince her women friends in the village that low-cut gowns and brandished freedoms of Western women did not necessarily mean that these women were promiscuous and cared nothing for family and home. D) All of the above

D

Saying "God bless you" when somebody sneezes because "their heart stopped" is an example of a ... A) Rationale B) Custom C) Taboo D) Secondary rationalization

D

When the young woman in the video "Boxed In" was required to check ONE box to define her ethnicity, she chose... A) Caucasian because her grandmother was French Canadian and her grandfather was English Canadian. B) Black because her maternal grandfather was a Black cavalry trooper on the Western Prairies. C) Native American because of her maternal grandmother. D) None of the above.

D

Research on mother-child interaction in France revealed that mothers of ethnic French origin were more likely... A) To draw their infant's attention to the other people in the room. B) To draw their infant's attention to themselves. C) To draw their infant's attention to toys and encourage them to play with them. D) A and C only E) B and C only

E