3.3

Which of the following is an example of a post-translational modification? Adding a phosphate group to a polysaccharide Processing of mRNA to remove portions of the mRNA sequence Removing the first 5 amino acid residues from a folded protein All of these

Adding a phosphate group to a polysaccharide (WRONG)

NMR spectroscopy is useful for obtaining which of the following information? Question 3 options: Motions in a protein Quaternary structure of large proteins Primary structure All of these

All (WRONG)

Which of the following reactions is an example of a post-translational modification? Question 1 options: Adding an additional amino acid to the C terminus of a growing protein Addition of an acetyl group to the NH3 group of a lysine not part of a protein Addition of a phosphate group to an OH side chain within a protein All of these

All (WRONG)

Proteoglycan is a major component of which of the following structures? Question 1 options: Human extracellular matrix Wood Molecular chaperones Bacterial cell walls

Human Extracellular matrix

Which of the following techniques provides information about protein sequence (select all correct answers)? Question 4 options: NMR spectroscopy Cryo electron microscropy Mass spectrometry X-ray crystallography

Mass Spectrometry

Which of the following techniques is useful for determining primary structure? NMR spectroscopy Mass spectrometry Cryo electron microscropy X-ray crystallography

Mass spectrometry X-ray crystallography is the used to view 3D sructures NMR Spectroscopy is used to determine small protein structure in motion w/n a soln. Mass spectrometry shows the primary structure

Which of the following terms describes a protein folded into a functional form? Random coil Denatured Native Globular

Native

The microenvironment of an amino acid residue includes which of the following elements? Question 1 options: pH All of these Distant amino acids Nearby amino acids

Nearby amino acids Microenvironment is the surrounding. So distant is not correct. pH is a property of the entire solution.

Ser can be post-translationally modified by a saccharide through which of the following methods? Question 2 options: N-linked All of these O-linked H-bonded

O-linked

Glu can be post-translationally modified by a saccharide through which of the following methods? All of these None of these O-linked N-linked H-bonded

O-linked (WRONG)

An O-linked oligosaccharide is described which of the following statements? An oligosaccharide made up of monomers connected through oxygen atoms An oligosaccharide that is bonded to another oligosaccharide via an oxygen atom An oligosaccharide bonded to an oxygen atom in a protein None of these

PREV 1

For a particular molecule X, which of the following statements describes the microenvironment? Question 5 options: All of these The molecules and functional groups surrounding X The solvent that X is in The functional groups in X

PREV 1

The microenvironment of an amino acid residue includes which of the following elements? None of these Polarity of the amino acid residue Nearby water molecules Distant ions in solution

PREV 1

Which of the following types of monomers is incorporated into peptidoglycan (select all correct answers)? Question 3 options: Nucleotides Saccharides Lipids Amino acids

PREV 124

If a protein is described as being apo, which of the following statements is true? Question 4 options: The protein does not need cofactors The protein lacks one or more required cofactors The protein contains all required cofactors The protein is artificial

PREV 3

Which of the following terms describes the addition of a saccharide chain to an amino acid chain? Question 2 options: Glycosylation Polysaccharide bond Glycosidic addition Peptidoglycan

PREV 4

Cryo electron microscopy can provide which of the following types of structural information for proteins (select all correct answers)? Question 4 options: Primary Quaternary Tertiary Secondary

PREV-Tertiary,Secondary

Which of the following terms describes a protein lacking a necessary cofactor? Question 3 options: Holo Apo Factorless Denatured

PREV4

Which of the following terms describes a saccharide linked to an amino acid chain? Starch Peptidoglycan Glycan Glycogen

Peptidoglycan

Which of the following techniques measures the 3-D position of hydrogen atoms in solution (select all correct answers)? Question 1 options: Cryo electron microscropy Mass spectrometry NMR spectroscopy X-ray crystallography

Prev 4

Mass spectrometry typically provides which of the following types of structural information for proteins (select all correct answers)? Question 1 options: Primary Tertiary Quaternary Secondary

Primary

Which of the following molecules is a type of cofactor? Question 4 options: Subunit Prosthetic group None of these Water

Prosthetic group Cofactors include metal ion, small molecules, and prosthetic groups

Which of the following terms describes an enzyme that catalyzes hydrolysis of peptide bonds? Question 1 options: Peptidase Cutase Bondase Protease

Protease

Mass spectrometry typically provides which of the following types of structural information for proteins? Question 2 options: Side chain interactions Sequence Motifs Backbone rotations

Sequence

Which of the following amino acids can be O-linked to saccharides Asn Ser Tyr Thr

Ser Thr

If a protein is described as being holo, which of the following statements is true? The protein lacks one or more required cofactors The protein contains all required cofactors The protein is artificial The protein does not need cofactors

The protein contains all required cofactors

If a protein (or a portion of a protein) is a random coil, which of the following statements is true? Question 1 options: The protein ties itself into knots The protein can stretch like a spring The protein forms a coil, but only sometimes The protein has no defined 3-D structure

The protein has no defined 3-D structure

Which of the following features is essential in the native structure of a protein? Question 4 options: All of these The protein is able to perform its function The protein is rigid The protein has regular secondary structure

The protein is able to perform its function

N-linked saccharides are found bonded to which of the following locations (select all that apply)? Question 2 options: The backbone oxygen of serine The N-terminus nitrogen atom of a protein The side chain nitrogen of asparagine Any side chain nitrogen of arginine

The side chain nitrogen of asparagine

O-linked saccharides are found bonded to which of the following locations (select all that apply)? The C-terminus oxygen atoms of a protein Either side chain oxygen of aspartic acid The side chain oxygen of serine The backbone oxygen of glycine

The side chain oxygen of serine Olinked are Ser & Thr

A prosthetic group is best described by which of the following statements? Question 5 options: A molecule necessary for a protein to perform its function A protein that must bind some other molecule in order to function A post-translational modification A non-protein molecule that is permanently incorporated into the protein's native structure

A molecule necessary for a protein to perform its function WRONG

Which of the following statements correctly defines a cofactor? Question 1 options: A molecule that assists in fixing misfolded proteins One of the chains of a protein that contains several peptide sequences A non-protein component incorporated into the protein structure A short peptide that helps fold a protein

A non-protein component incorporated into the protein structure

A protease is best described by which of the following statements? Question 2 options: A protein this is cut up by other proteins A protein involved in the synthesis of other proteins A protein that catalyzes hydrolysis of peptide bonds A protein that is not yet completely synthesized

A protein that catalyzes hydrolysis of peptide bonds

Which of the following molecules is an example of glycosylation? Question 5 options: N-linked oligosaccharide All of these Proteoglycan O-linked oligosaccharide

All

How are cofactors and prosthetic groups related? The two terms have nothing to do with each other All cofactors are prosthetic groups All prosthetic groups are cofactors The two terms refer to the same thing

All prosthetic groups are cofactors

The term molten globule refers to which of the following items? A misfolded protein The final, correctly folded protein structure An intermediate state during protein folding A protein missing a cofactor

An intermediate state during protein folding

An N-linked oligosaccharide is described which of the following statements? Question 3 options: None of these An oligosaccharide made up of monomers connected through nitrogen atoms An oligosaccharide that is bonded to another oligosaccharide via a nitrogen atom An oligosaccharide bonded to a nitrogen atom in a protein

An oligosaccharide bonded to a nitrogen atom in a protein

Which of the following amino acids can be N-linked to saccharides (select all correct answers)? Question 5 options: Lys Gln Arg Asn

Asn

Which of the following chemical entities is a type of cofactor? Question 5 options: Metal ion Neither of these Prosthetic group Both of these

Both

Which of the following terms is a type of saccharide attachment to proteins? N-linked O-linked Neither of these Both of these

Both of these

Which of the following terms is a non-protein component that contributes to protein structure? Molten globule Cofactor Molecular chaperone Apo

Cofactor

Post-translational modifications are described by which of the following processes? Question 5 options: Covalent modification to amino acid residues after protein synthesis The replacement of one complete amino acid by another in a protein mRNA splicing A change to the codons that code for a protein

Covalent modification to amino acid residues after protein synthesis

Which of the following techniques provides direct information about 3-D motions in proteins? NMR spectroscopy X-ray crystallography Cryo electron microscropy Mass spectrometry

Cryo electron microscropy( Wrong) Cryo electron microscropy determines 3D structures of complexes and individual proteins by freezing samples NMR determines 3d structure in soln w/ motion. Mass spectrometry is for the secondary structure Xray crystallography is the oldest of 3D viewing. Molecules in same conformation are crystallized and electrons scatter xrays to measure structure

A protein that is misfolded can also be described as which of the following terms? Question 3 options: Denatured Native Confused Degraded

Denatured

Which of the following terms describes a protein that is in a non-functional form? Question 3 options: Prosthetic Denatured Native Globular

Denatured

Which of the following terms describes a protein containing all necessary cofactors? Question 4 options: Denatured Factorless Apo Holo

Holo

Which of the following techniques is least useful for determining tertiary structure? Question 5 options: Cryo electron microscropy NMR spectroscopy Mass spectrometry X-ray crystallography

Mass spectroscopy

Which of the following terms describes the molecules and functional groups surrounding a protein residue? Question 1 options: Globular units Microenvironment Cofactors Domain

Microenvironment

Which of the following terms is an intermediate state during protein folding in which the protein has adopted the general shape of the final structure α-helix Random coil Native Molten globule

Molten Globule

Asn can be post-translationally modified by a saccharide through which of the following methods? None of these O-linked H-bonded N-linked All of these

N-linked

Which of the following methods is correctly matched to a type of structure that it can be used to determine? Mass spectrometry - secondary structure All of these Cryo electron microscopy - primary structure NMR spectroscopy - quaternary structure

NMR spectroscopy - quaternary structure

NMR spectroscopy can provide which of the following types of structural information for proteins (select all correct answers)? Question 3 options: Primary Tertiary Quaternary Secondary

PREV -2,4

Which type of structure describes interactions between side chains of amino acid residues and a cofactor? Question 2 options: Secondary Tertiary Quaternary Primary

Tertiary

X-ray crystallography can be used to learn about which type of structure (select all correct answers)? Question options: Primary Quaternary Secondary Tertiary

Tertiary (Wrong)

X-ray crystallography is useful for obtaining which of the following information? Primary structure Tertiary structure Motions in a protein All of these

Tertiary structure

A molecular chaperone has which of the following functions? To assist proteins in correctly folding To synthesize proteins To add post-translational modifications to proteins To break peptide bonds and degrade proteins

To assist proteins in correctly folding Chaperone proteins helps correct folding of a protein on its way to native structure

When is a protein in its native structure? Question 2 options: When tertiary structure is present When the protein is in the functionally active structure When it is randomly folded When it has a 3-D structure

When the protein is in the functionally active structure

Which of the following techniques measures the 3-D position of atoms in a static arrangement (select all correct answers)? Mass spectrometry X-ray crystallography NMR spectroscopy Cryo electron microscropy

X-ray crystallography Cryo electron microscropy