Bio 112 - 3.3 - Glycolysis

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what happens in the energy investment phase of glycolysis?

2 ATP phosphorylate glucose and produce 2 molecules of two 3-carbon sugars

what does glycolysis begin with? what does it produce?

a single molecule of glucose and it produces two molecules of pyruvate (3 carbons each), 2 ATP molecules and 2 NADH molecules

is glycolysis anaerobic or anabolic? why?

anaerobic because oxygen is not consumed

what is the most oxidized form of glucose

carbon dioxide!

in bacteria, glycolysis, acetyl coA synthesis and the citric acid cycle all take place in the ____________

cytoplasm

in eukaryotes, where does glycolysis take place?

cytoplasm

what is the only location aerobic cellular respiration takes place in bacteria cells?

cytoplasm

what are the 3 phases of glycolysis?

energy investment, cleavage and pay off

what are the inputs of glycolysis?

glucose

what are the inputs of aerobic cellular reparation of glucose?

glucose, O2, little bit of ATP, ADP and Pi (NAD+ and NADH but no net change since whatever goes in comes out)

what are the 4 main steps in aerobic cellular respiration

glycolysis, acetyl coA synthesis, the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation

where does glycolysis take place in eukaryotes?

in the cytoplasm of the cell

in eukaryotes where does oxidative phosphorylation take place?

in the inner membrane

in bacteria, where does oxidative phosphorylation in eukaryotes take place?

in the plasma membrane

what role does NAD+ play in glycolysis?

it is the oxidized form of the carrier, will grab electrons, bring them in, and then will be an output as NADH

what are the outputs of aerobic cellular reparation of glucose?

lots of ATP, CO2 and water

in eukaryotes where does the citric acid cycle take place?

mitochondrial matrix

in eukaryotes, where does acetyl coA synthesis take place?

mitochondrial matrix

is any CO2 formed in glycolysis?

no! because glucose has not fully been oxidized yet

is NAD+ the oxidized or reduced form? how many electrons can it gain/lose?

oxidized form. it can accept 2 electrons

what happens in the cleavage phase of glycolysis?

phosphrylated sugar is split into two 3-carbon sugars

what are the outputs of glycolysis?

pyruvate, ATP and 2 NADH molecules

what happens in the payoff phase of glycolysis?

redox reactions oxidize the sugar, reduce NAD+ to form NADH and form 4 ATP

is NADH the oxidized or reduced form? how many electrons can it gain/lose?

reduced form. it can donate many high energy electrons (has high potential energy)

how much energy does substrate level phosphorylation produce?

small amt of ATP

how is the ATP produced in phase III of glycolysis?

substrate level phosphorylation

what does glycolysis result in?

the partial oxidation of glucose and the synthesis of a relatively small amount of ATP and electron carriers

what is the main purpose of glycolysis?

to generate ATP from glucose

what is the overall goal of glycolysis?

to split glucose into two pyruvate molecules, generate some ATP and high energy intermediates to carry forward to next set of reactions

substrate level phosphorylation?

when an enzyme catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate from a phosphorylated molecule (substrate) to ADP

when do carbon atoms get oxidized?

when they gain oxygen or lose hydrogen (essentially the same thing)


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