Bone Markings
What does the mandibular condyles articulate with and what joint is formed?
Articulate with the mandibular fossa and create the temporomandibular joint, TMJ.
What does the occipital condyles articulate with, and what joint does that form?
Articulate with the superior articulating surfaces of the atlas vertebrae to form the atlantoocipital joint, which allows movement of the head in the "yes" movement.
What does the sagittal suture do?
Articulates the right and left parietal bones
What 7 bones attribute to the orbital fossa?
Frontal Bone Ethmoid Bone Lacrimal Bone Maxilla Zygomatic Bone Sphenoid Bone Orbital plate of the palatine process
What are the bone markings of the Frontal Bone
Frontal Suture Frontal Sinus Supraorbital Ridges Supraorbital Notches
What are the bone markings of the Palatine
Horizontal Plate Orbital Process
What are the bone markings of the Inferior Nasal Choncae
No bone markings
What are the bone markings of the Nasal Bone
No bone markings
What are the bone markings of the Vomer Bone
No bone markings
What are the bone markings of the Occipital Bone
Occipital Condyles Occipital Suture Sutural Bones Foramen Magnum Jugular Foramen Superior Nuchal Line
What goes through the superior orbital fissure?
Oculomotor Nerve (Cranial Nerve III) Trochlear Nerve (Cranial Nerve IV) Trigeminal Nerve (Ophthalmic Branch) (Cranial Nerve V) Abducens Nerve (Cranial Nerve VI)
What runs through the cribriform foramina?
Olfactory Nerve (Cranial Nerve I)
What goes through the optic foramen?
Optic nerve and ophthalmic artery.
What goes through the foramen lacerum?
Pharyngeal Artery Internal Carotid Artery
What exits at the internal auditory meatus?
The auditory nerve
What goes through the intervertebral foramen?
spinal nerves
What is important about the mastoid process of the temporal bone?
area for muscle attachment
What does the manubrium articulate with and what joint is formed?
articulates with the clavicle and forms the sternoclavicular joint.
What does the fovea dentis articulate with and what joint is formed?
articulates with the dens process of the axis vertebrae to form the atlantoaxial joint, the no joint.
What does the coronoid process articulate with?
articulates with the temporal fossa
What are the bone markings of the Hyoid Bone
attaches via stylohyoid ligaments to the styloid processes of temporal bone Aids in swallowing
What are the bone markings of the Coccyx
3-5 fused bones
What are the bone markings of the Sacrum
5 fused bones
What are the bone markings of the Ribs
7 true pairs 5 false pairs, 3 false, 2 floating Costal cartilage Head Neck Tubercle
What goes through the incisive foramen?
Anasopalatine Nerve
What is the function of the styloid process?
Anchors the hyoid bone
What are the bone markings of the Mandible
Angle Ramus Body Mental Foramen Coronoid Process Mandibular Condyles Alveolar Margin containing alveoli and alveolar process
What does the inferior articulating surface of the atlas vertebrae articulate with?
Articulates with the axis vertebrae
What does the temporal fossa articulate with?
Articulates with the coronoid process of the mandible
What does the mandibular fossa articulate with and what joint does that form?
Articulates with the mandibular condyle of the mandible to form the temporomandibular joint, TMJ
What does the superior articulating surface of the atlas vertebrae articulate with and what joint is formed?
Articulates with the occipital condyles and forms the atlantooccipital joint, the yes joint.
What does the zygomatic process articulate with and what does it form?
Articulates with the temporal process of the zygomatic bone to form the zygomatic arch.
What does the tubercle of the rib articulate with?
Articulates with the transverse process of vertebrae
Where is the frontal process of the maxilla located?
Between the lacrimal bone and the nasal bone
What are the bone markings of the Common Vertebral Structures
Body Pedicles Laminae Vertebral Foramen Intervertebral Foramen 2 Transverse Processes 2 Superior articulating processes and facets 2 Inferior articulating processes and facets 1 Spinous Process
What are the bone markings of the Sphenoid Bone
Body Greater Wings Lesser Wings Sella Turcica Pterygoid Process and Plates Sphenoid Sinus Optic Foramen Superior Orbital Fissure Foramen Rotundum Foramen Ovale Foramen Lacerum Foramen Spinosum
What goes through the foramen magnum?
Brain stem
Which of the 4 curvature sections in the vertebral column are considered secondary (Developed after birth)
Cervical curvature Lumbar Curvature
The curvature of the spine is divided into what 4 sections?
Cervical curvature Thoracic Curvature Lumbar Curvature Pelvic Curvature
What are the bone markings of the Ethmoid
Cribriform Plate Perpendicular Plate Orbital Plate Cribriform Foramina Crista Galli Ethmoid Sinus
What is located on the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone?
Cribriform foramina
What are the bone markings of the Axis Vertebrae
Dens process
What are the bone markings of the Thoracic Vertebrae
Facets (T10-T12) on transverse processes for articulation with tubercle of rib Demifacets (T1-T9) body for articulation with head of rib
What goes through the infraorbital foramen?
Infraorbital nerve and vessels
What goes through the carotid canal?
Internal carotid artery
What goes through the jugular foramen?
Internal jugular vein
What is the importance of the crista galli?
It anchors the Dura matter
What does the palatine process articulate with and what does it form?
It articulates with the horizontal plate of the palatine bone to form the hard palate.
What does the temporal processes articulate with and what does it form?
It articulates with the zygomatic process of the temporal bone to form the zygomatic arch.
What is the importance of the orbital plate of the ethmoid bone?
It is associated with the orbital fossa (eye socket)
Where is the petrous portion located?
Its the ridge above the internal auditory meatus
What are the bone markings of the Lacrimal Bone
Lacrimal Foramen
What are the bone markings of the Sternum
Manubrium Gladiolus Xiphoid Process
What are the bone markings of the Lumbar Vertebrae
Massive bodies Square spinous processes
What are the bone markings of the Temporal Bone
Mastoid Process Zygomatic Process Styloid Process Internal Auditory Meatus External Auditory Meatus Carotid Canal Petrous Portion Juglar Foramen Squamous Region Temporal Suture Mandibular Fossa Temporal Fossa
What are the bone markings of the Maxilla
Maxillary sinus Incisive Foramen Palatine Process Frontal Process Alveolar Margin
What goes through the foramen spinosum?
Middle Meningeal vessels
What are the bone markings of the Parietal Bone
Sagittal Suture
What are the bone markings of the Cervical Vertebrae
Short bifid spinous process Transverse foramen in transverse processes
What is the importance of the ramus of the mandible?
Site for muscle attachment
What goes through the vertebral foramen?
Spinal cord
What are the bone markings of the Atlas Vertebrae
Superior facets for occipital condyles Inferior facets for the exis Fovea dentis
What goes through the supraorbital notches?
Supraorbital nerves and vessels
What are the bone markings of the Zygomatic Bone
Temporal Process
What is anchored to the body of the sphenoid bone?
The greater, lesser wings, and the ptyerygoid process all attach to the body.
What is the orbital process a part of?
The orbital fossa
What does the sella turcica hold?
The pituitary gland
Which of the 4 curvature sections in the vertebral column are considered primary (Born with)
Thoracic curvature Pelvic curvature
What goes through the foramen ovale?
Trigeminal Nerve, Mandibular branch (Cranial Nerve V)
What goes through the foramen rotundum?
Trigeminal Nerve, maxillary branch (Cranial Nerve V)
What goes through the transverse foramen in the transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae?
Vertebral arteries and veins
What is the function of the 2 superior and 2 inferior articulating facets and processes of vertebrae?
allow the vertebrae to articulate with each other
What is the function of the laminae?
fuse to form the spinous process
What goes through the mental foramen?
mental nerve and vessels
What does the horizontal plate of the palatine bone articulate with?
the palatine processes of the maxilla to form the hard palate
