Exam
Proton
positively charged particle
Elements within the same group or family have similar ______
properties
Which subatomic particles are found in the atoms nucleus?
protons and neutrons
A cation always has more ____
protons than electrons
Mass is a measure of the ____ of matter
quantity
Energy
the ability to do work
Heterogenous mixture
A mixture that is not uniform throughout
homogenous mixture
A mixture with a uniform composition throughout
The isotope of 15N has a net ruin number of _______
8
Which correctly describes physical properties A. Characteristics that can be observed or measured without changing the composition of a substance B. The state of a sample, such as solid, liquid, or gas C. Properties that can be measured when burning a substance in the air D. The composition of a compound
A
Select which describe volume A. The volume of a cube is equal to length x width x height B. Is a 3D quantity C. Is a type of qualitative physical property D. Is the amount of space a substance occupies E. Vol of a sphere = 4/3 x pi x r
A, B, and D
Which are True A. Some elements have been synthesized by scientists B. Elements are building blocks of matter C. All elements are stable and do not break down over time D. Some elements are isolated from natural sources on earth
A, B, and D
Which are true A. Metals conduct electricity B. Metals conduct heat C. Metals are all silver in color D. Metals are shiny
A, B, and D
Which are examples of physical changes A. Mixture is separated into its components B. Sample is heated and it melts C. Electricity is used to change water into H and O2 gases D. A fuel is burned in air to form co2 and h20 E. Water evaporates slowly over time
A, B, and E
Which are true of a chemical formula A. Uses subscript numbers to show the relative proportions of the elements in the compound B. A subscript present in a chemical formula applies to all elements preceding it in the formula C. A mixture is represented with a chemical formula D. Describes the composition of a compound using the symbols for the elements that make up the compound E. A chemical formula does that does not contain subscript numbers consists of a one-to-one ratio of the events that are present
A, D, and E
quantitative observation
Based on number
qualitative observation
Based on quality of matter
Physical Changes in Matter
Change in form or appearance
Using an oil drop apparatus, Robert Millikan determined that the ______ of the _______ was 1.6022 x 10^-19 coulombs
Charge, electron
When nonmetals form ions they _____
Form anions and gain electrons
When nonmetals form ions they ______
Form ions and gain electrons
gas symbol
G
To achieve the stability of a noble gas, elements in group VIIA _____ an electron to be like the closest noble gas
Gain
When nonmetals form ions they ________
Gain electrons form anions
Process of naming acids that do not contain polyatomic ions A. Write suffix -ic B. Write word acid C. Write stem name of the non hydrogen element in the acid D. Write prefix hydro
D, C, A, B
The law of definite proportions predicts that a sample of pure iron(II) oxide (FeO) mined in northern Canada would have the same ______ as a sample of pure iron (II) oxide mined in the western United States
Iron to oxygen ratio
Celsius to Kelvin
K=C+273.15
Sodium symbol
Na
Iodine is a _______
Nonmetal
Metalloids have properties similar to ____
Nonmetals and metals
Which of the following elements will form 2- ions? A. Chlorine B. Oxygen C. Bromine D. Sulfur N. Nitrogen
Oxygen and Sulfur
The mass number of an isotope can be described as the sum of the number of ____ and ____ in that isotope
Protons and neutrons
Rutherfords gold foil experiment provided evidence for _______
Dense, positively charged mass in the center of an atom
T/F : the relative atomic mass shown on the periodic table is the sun of the masses of all isotopes of an element
Fakse
T/F : the relative atomic mass shown on the periodic table is the sum of the masses of all isotopes of an element
False
In general, metals ___ electrons to form ____ when they form ions, giving them the same electron count as the nearest noble gas
Lose, cations
The total number of protons and neutrons in an isotope gives the isotopes _____
Mass number
A ___ consists of two or more ____ and may vary in composition
Mixture, pure substances
An example of matter is correctly described by which? A. Energy is an example of matter bc it Uc u pies space and has mass B. A textbook is an example of matter bc it occupies space and has mass C. Heat is an example of matter because it occupies space and mass D. Sunlight is an example of matter because of its capacity to transfer heat
B
Which are monatomic anions? A. CN- B. O2- C. Cl- D. O2^-2
B and C
Which correctly describes the isotopes of an element? A. All atoms in a natural sample of the element contain the same number of neutrons B. All atoms in a natural sample of an element contain the same number of protons C. All atlms in a natural sample of an element contain the same number of electrons
B and C
which equations represent chemical formulas A. H2O(I) -> H2O(s) B. 2H2(g) + O2(g) -> 2H2O(g) C. C(s) + O2(g) -> CO2(g) D. CO2(s) -> CO2(g)
B and C
Which are general properties of the noble gases A. Reactive B. Stable C. Easily form ions D. Inert
B and D
Which describes density A. When comparing equal masses of two different substances, the substance with the greater volume has the greater density B. The density of a substance changes with changing temperature C. The density of a substance depends on the amount of substance that is present D. The density of an object is the ratio of its mass to its volume
B and D
Which are anions A. 15 p, 15 e, 16 n B. 16 p, 18 e, 16 n C. 23 p, 23 e, 27 n D. 17 p, 18 e, 18 n
B and D More electrons than protons
An atom in which the number of electrons is different from the number of protons is an ____
Ion
law
The behavior of matter that is so consistent that it appears to have universal validity
absolute zero
The lowest possible temperature in the universe
Put the following in order of increasing mass 1 ug 1 mg 1 Gg 1 Mg 1 dg
Ug, mg, dg, Mg, Gg
Silicon is a ______
metalloid
A sample of matter that consists of a combination of two or more pure substances is called a _______. The combination may vary in its __________.
mixture & composition
A neutron is a subatomic particle that is found in the ______ of an atom
nucleus
A ____ is the smallest unit of an element that has the chemical properties of that element. Two or more of these units can be bound together in a discrete arrangement form a _______
atom, molecule
Polyatomic ions are ions that contain two or more _____
atoms
In an atom that is neutral, the number of protons is _______ the number of electrons
equal to
liquid to gas
evaporation
kinetic energy
energy of motion
The law of conservation of mass states that in a chemical reaction _____
mass will remain constant when reactants turn into products
Magnesium is a _____
metal
The inner transition elements are shown below the main blocks of the periodic table, however, these elements belong ______
after lanthanum and actinium
gas to liquid
condensation
gas to solid
deposition
The density of solid gold at room temp is 19.3 g/mL. Given a 45 mg sample of gold, what is the volume in mL
2.3 x 10 ^-3 mL 45 mg = .045 g .045 g / 19.3 g per mL = .0023
The number of protons in an atom of the element calcium is ____
20
Solve for the mass of a 3.5 x 10^5 cg sample in units of kg
3.5 kg
Potassium has an isotope with 20 neutrons. What is the mass number?
39
Which describes an atomic nucleus A. The nucleus is composed of protons and neutrons B. The size is small compared to the overall size of the atom C. The nucleus takes up the most space in an atom
A and B
Which are homogenous mixtures A. A well mixed sample of sugar water B. Pure water containing no additional components C. A red sports drinks with sugar, salt, and food coloring D. A jar of chunky salsa
A and C
Which of the following statements describes the nuclear model of the atom? A. Most of an atoms mass is found in the nucleus B. Electrons are found throughout the entire volume of the atom, including the nucleus C. An atom has a uniform density throughout the entire atom D. An atom is mostly empty space
A and D
Which choices describes an ion A. 25 p, 20 e, 29 n B. 35 p, 35 e, 44 n C. 47 p, 47 e, 58 n D. 8 p, 9 e, 8 n
A and D Ions have diff numbers of electrons than protons
Select all that correctly state a metric conversion A. 1 kg / 10^3 g B. 1 Mg/10^-3 g C. 10^-6 ug / 1 g D. 10^-2 cg / 1 g E. 1 ng / 10^-9 g
A and E
Scientific Method
An approach to asking questions and seeking answers that employs a variety of tools, techniques, and strategies
combinatorial chemistry
A series of related chemical compounds is systematically prepared and tested for effectiveness
element symbol
A short hand version of an element's longer name
Aqueous
dissolved in water
In order to determine the relative atomic mass of an element, one should ______ A. Use the mass of the most abundant isotope as the average B. Calculate the straight average of the masses of all isotopes C. Take a weighted average of the masses of all isotopes using their abundance
C
Which correctly display the relationship between 1 milligram and 1 gram A. 1Mg/10^-3g B. 10^3 g / 1 mg C. 10^-3 g / 1 mg D. 1 g/10^3 mg E. 1 g/10^-3 mg
C and D
Which describe chemical properties A. Can be observed directly in all cases B. A characteristic that can be measured or observed without changing the composition of the substance C. Can be defined by what chemical changes it can undergo D. Can be defined by the composition of the substance
C and D
Which represent chemical properties A. Melting point B. Density C. Reactivity with water D. Flammability E. Solubility in water
C and D
Hypothesis
A tentative explanation for the properties or behavior of matter that accounts for a set of observations
Solution
A type of homogeneous mixture that is typically composed of a substance in lesser amount dissolved in a substance in greater amount
Dalton's Atomic Theory, but not our modern atomic theory, atoms are described as ______
small and indivisible
solid to gas
sublimation
Steps to naming the compound Co(CH3CO2)3
1. Identify the cation as cobalt and the anion as acetate 2. Identify the charge of acetate as -1 3. Write the name if the cation cobalt and determine its charge as 3+ 4. Write the Roman number III 5. Write the name of the anion acetate
solve for the volume of a 1.5 x 10^6 cm^3 object in units of liters
1.5 x 10^3 L 1 cm^3 = .001 L 1.5 x 10^6 cm^3 = 1.5 x 10^6 = .001 L = 1500 L 1500 L = 1.5 x 10^3 L
Solve for the mass of 85.4 kg in units of pounds
1.88 x 10^2 85.4 kg = 188.27160 lb
Selenium symbol
Se
Silicon symbol
Si
liquid to solid
freezing
Celsius to Fahrenheit
(C x 1.8) + 32
Fahrenheit to Celsius
(F-32)/1.8
aqueous symbol
(aq)
The mass number and atomic number for iodine-128 are ______ respectively
128 and 53
Neutron number for 25Mg is
13 Atomic # + neutron # = mass #
List the temps in order of increasing temp 48° F 48° K 48° C
48°K, 48° F, 48° C
Which are True A. The elements in each column of the periodic table share similar properties B. Each column in the periodic table is called a group or family of elements C. The periodic table is used by chemists to classify mixtures D. The elements in each of the periodic table share similar properties
A and B
Which are true A. Solids, liquids, and gases are examples of physical states of matter B. The physical state of a substance depends on the identity of the substance and the external conditions applied C. The arrangement of particles is independent of the physical state of the substance D. At room temperature, the physical state of any substance is a liquid
A and B
Mixture
A physical combination of two or more elements or compounds
Which about density are true A. A substance with a large mass/vol is less dense than a substance with a small mass / vol B. A solid object with a greater density than a liquid substance will sink in the liquid C. When mercury (d=13.6 g/mL) and water (d=1 g/mL) are mixed, the mercury floats in water D. If mass and density of a pure substance are known, the volume can be calculated for the substance E. In general gases have very low densities because gas particles spread out and occupy large volumes
B, D, and E
Which express units of volume A. mL^3 B. yd^2 C. qt D. cm^3 E. L
C, D, and E
What is the formula for cobalt (II) hydroxide
Co(OH)2
Common properties of elects on the periodic table are emphasized by the arrangement of elements within ______
Columns and rows
JJ Thomson's cathode ray experiment was important for its discovery of _____
Electrons
Which of the following subatomic particles are NOT found in the nucleus of the atom? Protons Electrons Neutrons
Electrons
potential energy
Energy possessed by an object because of its position or state
8 grams of methane gas is burned with 32 g of oxygen gas inside a strong, sealed vessel that prevents the escape of the heat, water and carbon dioxide produced. The mass of the flash and it's contents before the reaction will be _____ the mass of the flask and it's contents after the reaction
Equal to
Theory
Explains why observations, hypotheses, or laws apply under many different circumstances
The alkaline earth metals are found in which group?
Group IIA
Solid
Has a fix shape, has its own volume, has particles that are fixed in place
liquid symbol
L
The relative atomic mass of lithium is 6.941 amu. There are two isotopes of lithium, Li-6 and Li-7. Which is more abundant?
LI 7
Sulfur symbol
S
solid symbol
S
Tin symbol
Sn
Gas
Takes the shape and the volume of its container, has particles that are widely separated and move independently of one another
Liquid
Takes the shape of the filled portion of its container, has its own volume, has particles that are randomly arranged and free to move about
green chemistry
The development of chemical processes that prevent pollution and reduce the amount of natural resources used to manufacture various consumer, research, and industrial products
boiling point
The temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas
melting point
The temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid
T/F : All samples of a given pure substance of the same composition regardless of their origin
Trie
T/F : an atomic mass unit is defined using the mass of a particular isotope of carbon
True
A substance composed of two or more elements combined in definite proportions is called a ______
compound
the law of ________ predicts that samples of the same compound always contain the same proportion of component elements
definite proportions
Electron
negatively charged particle
Neutron
no charge
