ITEC Study Guide

steps involved in computer programming

- Categorizing which parts of a task a digital device can perform. - Describing the task in a precise manner. - Translating the task into the language the computer's CPU can use.

The steps of the program development life cycle (PDLC)

- Defining the problem - Creating the plan - Writing the code - Testing the code - Debugging the code - Documenting the program

An Internet search engine can perform which three of the following basic tasks?

- Display the location of the information stored in the indexes - Create an index of keywords that are found - Search the Internet for information based on the search criteria entered by the user

Which two of the following are commonly used database programs?

- Microsoft Access - OpenOffice Base

3 common software licenses

- Site - Network - Single-User

three statements that are true regarding the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC)

- The SDLC attempts to ensure that the software that is developed meets organizational goals. - The SDLC has six steps and you cannot proceed to the next step until the current step is completed. - The SDLC attempts to ensure that the software that is developed can work as intended on multiple operating systems.

Two advantages of studying computer programming include:

- a basic understanding of computer programming can make you more knowledgeable when selecting software to meet your computing needs. - an understanding of programming allows you to join teams that create new applications or purchase new software.

the steps of the system development life cycle (SDLC)

- system investigation - system analysis - system design - system development - system implementation - system maintenance

Even though computer programming is is an extremely challenging field requiring a great deal of study and a particular mindset, two reasons to study programming is that coders ___ .

- tend to be well compensated - can often make time-saving small programs called macros that increase their efficiency

Even though computer programming is is an extremely challenging field requiring a great deal of study and a particular mindset, two reasons to study programming is that coders ____.

- tend to be well compensated - can often make time-saving small programs called macros that increase their efficiency

the major steps of the software development process

1. Planning 2. Programming 3. Debugging 4. Beta Review

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

A cloud service in which consumers can install and run their own specialized applications on the cloud computing network.

Slide show

A collection of pages arranged in sequence that contain text and images

workbook

A collection of related worksheets

Field

A column in a relational database table

End User License Agreement (EULA)

A legal contract between the software manufacturer and the user of an application

Formula

A mathematical operation used to perform calculations

Rectangle

A procedure in a flowchart

top-down programming

A programming design that breaks down a problem into a series of tasks

Record

A row in a relational database table

JavaScript

A scripting language that uses scripts of HTML code to develop interactive websites and uses the syntax and operators used in Java

Query

A set of criteria used to extract data from a database.

Mouse button or trackpad

A shortcut to create a new folder is to hold down the control key and then click the __ .

Slide

A single page in a presentation program

single-user license

A software license that restricts the use of a program to one user at a time

Boolean Operators

AND, OR, and NOT used in search strings to refine the scope of the search

productivity software

Applications designed to help individual computer users complete tasks more efficiently. Examples are word processors, spreadsheet programs, and database applications.

2GL

Assembly language. An assembler converts 2GL into machine language.

Oval

Beginning or end of a process in a flowchart

function

Built-in formulas included in a spreadsheet program

Speaker notes

Can be added to a presentation to assist with what you are going to say while you are presenting

Spotlight

Click here to search for anything on the MacBook

Status menu

Click here to turn on Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or mute the speakers

Apple Menu

Click this to access System preferences, Sleep, Shut Down, etc.

Information Technology (IT)

Computer hardware and software that an organization uses to increase its performance

System implementation

Converting the old system into the new system

Reports

Data extracted from a database and structured for printing and data interpretation.

Diamond

Decision point in a flowchart

System investigation

Defining the problem, examining alternatives, reporting findings

System analysis

Determining system requirements, preparing system specifications

5GL

Extremely advanced. Uses statements (scripts) rather than algorithms.

Debugging

Finding and fixing problems in your algorithm or program.

3GL

High-level programming language. Uses a compiler to convert into machine language

Cell Reference

Identifies the location of a cell in a worksheet

Decision point in a flowchart

Input/output points in a flowchart

Scripts

JavaScript and VBScript are high-level programming languages that use small programs called ___ to create larger programs.

Time Machine

Mac OS X full backup tool that enables you to recover some or all files in the event of a crash; it also enables you to restore deleted files and recover previous versions of files.

1GL

Machine language. Represented by a series of 1s and 0s.

System maintenance

Performing system audits and continually monitoring the new system

System development

Procuring required system hardware and software, installing, and testing the system

binary

Programmers try to reduce all problems to a binary question

SEO

Search Engine Optimization. The process of improving a page's organic page rankings (rank in search results).

Windows button + S

Shortcut

Control + C and Control + V

Shortcut to copy and paste

Worksheet

Single page in a workbook

4GL

Specifically designed for creating database management programs.

Slide Master

Stores information about the theme and slide layouts of a presentation matches

Cortana

The Windows 10 personal assistant that helps search the Web and your PC, and can also assist with reminders, tasks, and other activities.

object-oriented analysis

The ability to reuse the objects that are created to produce a new computer code

Table

The default view of a relational database. Organized in records and fields.

Primary Key

The field that uniquely identifies each record in a database

Planning

The first phase of the SDLC in which an organization's total information system needs are identified, analyzed, prioritized, and arranged.

Microsoft Edge

The latest Internet browser from Microsoft. It comes with Windows 10.

Program Language Generation

The level of complexity of the programming language, or the degree from which it is separated from machine language itself

pseudocode

The method of shothand writing used by programmers

System Development Life Cycle (SDLC)

The process that ensures that software that is being developed meets organizational goals

Live Titles

When you open the Windows 10 Start Menu, colorful boxes containing constantly updated (when you are online) information appears

Show Desktop

Win+D

Desktop & Screensaver

You found a cute image and want to make it your Wallpaper. After opening the System Preferences menu (above), click ___.

loop

a decision point that asks a question

Command key

a key for combination of keys that activate a command in a computer program

Database Management System (DBMS)

a program used to create, process, and administer a database

Algorithm

a set of specific consecutive statements that describe exactly what steps the computer must go through to execute a task

Data Base Management System (DBMS)

creates, reads, updates, and deletes data in a database while controlling access and security

Flowchart

it makes the algorithm easier to convert to a computer programming language such as java or Python

Jump List

lists of recently opened items, such as files, folders, or websites.

iOS

operating system is found on Apple smartphones and tablets

Utility Program

program that helps to perform maintenance or correct problems with a computer system

In the PDLC, once the plan or algorithm has been created, it is then translated into

programming code

To organize the process of creating or updating an information technology (IT) system for an organization, IT professionals often use the system development life cycle (SDLC). The six steps of the SDLC include system investigation, system analysis, system design, and which three of the following?

system development system maintenance system implementation

Duplicate

A common method of copying a file is to open the File menu and select ___.

System design

Developing several system proposals, recommending or selecting a specific proposal

Arrow

Direction of workflow in a flowchart

When you drag the USB drive's icon to the Trash, the Trash icon changes to a ___ icon.

Eject

Virtual keyboard

If you convert your 2-in-1 laptop into a tablet and wish to type, you should enable your on-screen __.

Programming

The second phase of the software design process, the writing of software instructions in a specific computer language

Beta Review

The second version of the software that is sent out to beta testers who are asked to use the software and report any issues.

Word Processing Program

The type of software applications that are used to create an assortment of documents