MGT 101 - Chapter 3 Homework, MGT 101 - Chapter 4 Homework
Optalama, a leading chain of optical stores, follows the practice of conducting surveys to study the strategies used by other optical stores in the city in which it operates. To maintain its position as the market leader, it monitors the other stores' strengths, weaknesses, and advertising and marketing campaigns. In this scenario, which of the following is Optalama most likely using?
A competitive analysis
The workers of ToxoPro Labs, a chemical manufacturing company, are exposed to toxic and hazardous working conditions. Last year, one of its workers died on the job. Nevertheless, the company took a long time to acknowledge any responsibility for the accidents occurring on the job and chose to only compensate the families of the affected workers when they sued the company. Which of the following social responsiveness strategies is the company using?
A defensive strategy
In the context of the specific environment of an organization, which of the following is a difference between supplier dependence and buyer dependence?
A high degree of buyer dependence can lead to opportunistic behavior, whereas a high degree of supplier dependence does not lead to opportunistic behavior. -WRONG
Emerald Inc. is a manufacturer of cosmetics that focuses on delivering high-quality products to its customers. As Emerald is aware of the side effects of parabens on skin and hair, it uses organic preservatives in its cosmetic products. All the cosmetic products that it manufactures are free of parabens. In this way, the company ensures that the usage of its products does not cause allergy to any of its customers. Which of the following social responsiveness strategies is Emerald using in this scenario?
A proactive strategy
_____ is a tactic that typically involves framing issues as public issues; exposing questionable, exploitative, or unethical practices; and creating controversy that is likely to receive extensive news coverage.
A product boycott- WRONG
The quality of RedBread's food came under scrutiny when many of its customers fell ill because of food poisoning. Customers wanted the company's manufacturing and storage facilities to be inspected and graded by quality inspectors. However, the management denied all the allegations and even refused to allow the inspection of its facilities . Which of the following social responsiveness strategies was RedBread using?
A reactive strategy
When ten customers of Niall's Eatery fell seriously ill after dining at the restaurant, the issue was noticed by the public. The public demanded that the restaurant's kitchen be thoroughly inspected and the patients be compensated. However, the management at Niall's Eatery denied all claims that the customers had fallen ill by consuming the food served by the restaurant. Furthermore, the management was against any inspection on the kitchen. Which of the following social responsiveness strategies is the restaurant using?
A reactive strategy
_____ are groups of concerned citizens who band together to try to influence the business practices of specific industries, businesses, and professions.
Advocacy groups
Pam is a manager at Adrent Corp. She is hiring candidates for a new position in the company. While interviewing them, Pam asks each candidate, "What would you do if you see someone in the company taking a bribe?" Which of the following types of tests is Pam using to screen the candidates?
An overt integrity test
Herald Inc. has recently adopted the access card system to monitor employee movement within the company. This requires the employees to hold their identity cards against a RFID (radio-frequency identification) reader at each of the entry and exit doors for access. This process notes the time and date of entry and exit of a particular individual. The managers of the company have started enforcing the use of access cards among the employees. Which of the following concepts is illustrated in the scenario?
Behavioral substitution
In the context of the specific environment of organizations, which of the following is a similarity between the public communications approach and a product boycott?
Both are advocacy group tactics.
Luis designs clothes for Vongowd, an apparel store. Vongowd sells clothes designed by a number of designers. However, Vongowd is Luis's only option to sell his clothes. In the context of the specific environment, which of the following concepts does this scenario best illustrate?
Buyer dependence
The city of Busslia has many cosmetics manufacturers but only one store, Venwanz, that sells cosmetics. All the manufacturers of cosmetics in Busslia are highly dependent on Venwanz to sell their products. In the context of the specific environment, which of the following concepts does this scenario best illustrate?
Buyer dependence
Veghub produces organic vegetables in the city of Relvatti. Tandwan, the only store in the city that sells organic vegetables, purchases vegetables from Veghub and other such organic food producers. Veghub is highly dependent on Tandwan for its business. In the context of the specific environment, which of the following concepts does this scenario best illustrate?
Buyer dependence
_____ is the degree to which a supplier relies on a customer because of the importance of that customer to the supplier's sales and the difficulty of finding other customers for its products.
Buyer dependence
_____ are defined as companies in the same industry that sell similar products or services to customers.
Competitors
_____ is a company's social responsibility to make a profit by producing a valued product or service.
Economic responsibility
Mintribes, a silver jewelry shop that specializes in tribal jewelry, wants to move its store to a location near tourist attractions. To decide on the location, Mintribes's store manager went to some tourist spots to analyze buyer behavior, learn about the products of the existing jewelry shops in those areas, and study the spending pattern of tourists and locals in those areas. Which of the following concepts does this scenario best illustrate?
Environmental scanning
The managers at Alpha Corp. are closely observing trends in the industry. They are trying to identify factors that might have a significant influence on Alpha's business operations. Which of the following concepts is illustrated in the scenario?
Environmental scanning
_____ is the degree of concern people have about an ethical issue.
Ethical intensity
In the context of the specific environment of an organization, which of the following is a difference between opportunistic behavior and relationship behavior?
In opportunistic behavior, either the buyer or the seller benefits at the expense of the other, whereas in relationship behavior, both the buyer and the seller mutually benefit.
In the context of changing environments, identify a true statement about environmental uncertainty.
It is most likely to be low when environmental complexity is at a low level.
Which of the following is an argument put forth by economist Milton Friedman?
It is socially irresponsible for companies to divert time, money, and attention from maximizing profits to social causes and charitable organizations.
In the context of federal regulatory agencies and commissions, the _____ stops companies from engaging in unfair workforce practices.
National Labor Relations Board
Which of the following is a component of the general environment that indirectly affects all organizations?
Political/legal trends
_____ is the social, psychological, cultural, or physical distance of a decision maker from those affected by his or her decisions and is one of the factors that need to be taken into account when determining the ethical intensity of an action.
Proximity of effect
_____ involves identifying and addressing customer needs, trends, and issues before they occur.
Reactive - WRONG
Which of the following exemplifies a political/legal trend in the general organizational environments?
Regulations concerning the disposal of biological wastes
Bagfur is a manufacturer of original leather handbags. Its business has dropped as the use of leather has been banned in a lot of countries. In the context of changing environments, which of the following does this scenario best illustrate?
Resource scarcity
Cheizza, a pizza vendor in the country of Wisbane, believes that the taste of fresh cheese in its pizzas is its unique selling point. However, recently there has been a rise in the number of pizza vendors in Wisbane who have also started using fresh cheese to prepare their pizzas. This has led to a drastic increase in the demand for cheese. However, the amount of milk produced in the country is insufficient to meet the increased demand for cheese. In the context of changing environments, which of the following does this scenario best illustrate?
Resource scarcity
Chocorrect, a gourmet chocolate manufacturer, imports the best quality cocoa for its chocolates from the country Jescavia. However, Jescavia has recently stopped exporting cocoa because of the increase in the demand for cocoa in the country. In the context of changing environments, which of the following does this scenario best illustrate?
Resource scarcity
Paperflamen, the largest manufacturer of notebooks in the country Delonofia, uses softwood trees to produce high-quality paper. However, because of the high demand for paper and shortage of softwood trees in the country, Paperflamen has been facing difficulties. In the context of changing environments, which of the following does this scenario best illustrate?
Resource scarcity
Potanta is a company that manufactures herbal soaps. Over the years, the availability of aloe vera pulp, which is the key ingredient of the company's best-selling aloe vera soaps, has reduced. As a result, the company has to slow down its production of aloe vera soaps, and this affects the company's income. In the context of changing environments, which of the following does this scenario best illustrate?
Resource scarcity
_____ is the abundance or shortage of critical organizational resources in an organization's external environment.
Resource scarcity
Which of the following statements best explains the carrot-and-stick approach of the U.S. Sentencing Commission Guidelines for Organizations?
Smaller fines are imposed on companies that take proactive steps to encourage ethical behavior.
Which of the following stakeholder groups does not engage in regular transactions with a company?
Special interest groups
Homespar is an e-commerce site that sells home décor and kitchenware. It sources all its wooden articles, such as coasters, serving trays, and photo frames, from a rural carpentry firm because the firm charges much lower prices than other carpentry firms. The firm is also reliable in terms of quality and delivery time. In the context of the specific environment, which of the following concepts does this scenario best illustrate?
Supplier dependence
Pencilpop, a stationery store, has been purchasing all its paper products from Tigreto, a wholesaler of paper products, for over a decade. Tigreto gives Pencilpop seasonal discounts and sells its products on a credit basis. Pencilpop does not source its paper products from any other wholesaler because of the low price and the consistent quality that Tigreto offers. In the context of the specific environment, which of the following concepts does this scenario best illustrate?
Supplier dependence
_____ is the degree to which a company relies on a provider because of the importance of the provider's product to the company and the difficulty of finding other sources of that product.
Supplier dependence
Which of the following forms a component of the specific environment of an organization?
The customers
In the context of the postconventional level of moral development, which of the following statements is true of individuals in the universal principle stage?
They stick to their principles even if their decision conflicts with the law.
Which of the following is an objective of ethics training programs for employees?
To enforce flexible ethical standards - WRONG
A(n) _____ is a social responsiveness strategy in which a company accepts responsibility for a problem and does all that society expects to solve that problem.
accommodative strategy
DreamRim Tires manufactured a batch of faulty tires. It apologized to all the customers who purchased the tires and gave them free replacements and a discount coupon for their next purchase. This is an example of a(n) _____.
accommodative strategy
Primo Remo Cars recalled one of its car models after it learned about a defect in its engine. By doing so, it met all the expectations of its customers. This is an example of a(n) _____.
accommodative strategy
Arthur started an organic food store with the purpose of helping the farmers in his hometown. All the business discussions and decisions in the company are based on this purpose. This scenario best illustrates the _____ of Arthur's organization.
company mission
Javien Inc., a large building and development company, refused to merge with Ivereil Corp. as Ivereil had numerous lawsuits filed against it. This scenario illustrates that Javien fulfilled its _____.
discretionary responsibility
LitreBoost Inc., a multinational beverage company, donates a portion of its profits to a cancer research facility. This scenario illustrates that LitreBoost is fulfilling its _____.
discretionary responsibility
Mencro Inc., a multinational clothing company, occasionally donates clothes to orphanages across the countries it operates in. This scenario illustrates that the company is fulfilling its _____.
discretionary responsibility
Many people in Rhenasia spend less as there are only a few well-paid jobs in the country. Many businesses in the country are adversely affected as the purchasing power of consumers has drastically reduced. The organizational environmental characteristic that is affecting businesses in Rhenasia is associated with the _____.
economy of the country
According to forecasts, different parts of the country Frecciatona are likely to be affected by water shortage. Following this news, the chief operations officer of Frantef Appliances, a company that manufactures and supplies household devices in Frecciatona, plans to introduce a new model of dishwasher that makes efficient use of small amounts of water. In the context of changing environments, this scenario best illustrates _____.
environmental uncertainty
Pink Cheques, an insurance company, recently came under close scrutiny after its top management was involved in a major scam. The scam led to the company shutting down and many employees, consequently, losing their jobs. This scenario illustrates that the scam had a:
high magnitude of consequences.
Red Spark Inc., a multinational electronics manufacturer, recently came under close scrutiny after it was involved in a major money laundering scam. The scam had adversely affected the careers of more than two hundred employees of Red Spark despite the fact that they were not involved in the scam. This scenario illustrates that the scam had a:
high magnitude of consequences.
In the context of ethical intensity, unlike proximity of effect ,concentration of effect is:
how much an act affects the average person.
The _____ component of the specific environment of an organization consists of rules that govern the business practices and procedures of specific businesses and professions.
industry regulation
The health awareness board in the country of Gelhanwa made it mandatory for all brands that sell tobacco and tobacco products to display a disclaimer highlighting the dangers of tobacco on their product covers. In the context of the specific environment, this scenario best illustrates the effect of the _____ on organizations.
industry regulation component
In the context of workplace deviance, unlike political deviance, personal aggression:
involves workplace violence.
Because of a financial crisis, Isaavne, an automobile manufacturer, terminated 200 factory employees without prior notice. As a result, the labor union filed a suit against the company on the grounds of wrongful termination, and it had to pay a large amount as fine. In the context of the general environment, this scenario best illustrates the effect of the _____ on organizations.
legal component
Ken was fired from his job at a paper mill for taking one week off from work even though his leave had been approved by his manager. As this action is a violation of the terms of job security, Ken filed a suit against the paper mill. He won the case, and the paper mill suffered losses as it had to pay a hefty sum to Ken as compensation. In the context of the general environment, this scenario illustrates the effect of the _____ on organizations.
legal component
Mathew, a team manager at Weltono Inc., requested the company's senior management for additional resources for a project. However, he was denied the additional resources, and as a result, the project failed. During a company gathering, a senior manager publicly attributed the failure of the project to Mathew's incompetence. He filed a suit against the company on the grounds of public defamation and won the case. The company incurred losses because it had to pay a hefty sum to Mathew as compensation. In the context of the general environment, this scenario best illustrates the effect of the _____ on organizations.
legal component
When Jane appeared for an interview at Incogyn Inc., she was promised a monthly pay of $7,500 after all tax deductions. However, after her first month at work, she received only $7,230. She filed a suit against the company on the grounds of misrepresentation of information, and the company incurred losses because of the amount it had to pay as fine. In the context of the general environment, this scenario best illustrates the effect of the _____ on organizations.
legal component
Infra Inc., a mining company, produces a significant amount of industrial waste every day. The company disposes the waste in a nearby landfill site despite strict government regulations against disposing waste in the site. This scenario illustrates that Infra Inc. has failed to fulfill its _____.
legal responsibility
Bryencia, a start-up media agency, has flexible work hours. The flexible work hours and leave policy at Bryencia boost employee morale, leading to high performance. In this scenario, the positive attitude of the employees of Bryencia is most likely a result of its _____.
organizational culture
Maroonmania, a web design company, allows its employees to take their pets to work. The company has flexible work hours, and the employees are only required to clock 20 hours a week in office as long as they have completed their assigned tasks. They are also allowed to dress casually to work. This scenario best illustrates Maroonmania's _____.
organizational culture
Johnson has a quick temper and is known to shout at his coworkers when they try to talk to him. In the context of workplace deviance, this is an example of _____.
personal aggression
Maria is known to bully her coworkers by verbally abusing and screaming at them when they don't do as she says. In the context of workplace deviance, this is an example of _____.
personal aggression
Jenny is a manager at a marketing firm. She refuses to promote the hardest working salesperson in the company because she does not like that employee. In the context of workplace deviance, this is an example of _____.
political deviance
Katherine blames Shane for all her shortcomings at work even though he is the hardest working member in the team. In the context of workplace deviance, this is an example of _____.
political deviance
O'Neill holds a grudge against Carl, one of his coworkers. As a consequence, O'Neill spreads rumors about Carl at work. Everyone at the workplace avoids Carl believing the rumors to be true. In the context of workplace deviance, this is an example of _____.
political deviance
A court ruling against the wrongful dismissal of employees is a development in the _____ component of the general environment.
political/legal
Benjamin, a military officer, strongly believes that a soldier has to do whatever it takes to protect his or her country. In the context of Kohlberg's stages of moral development, Benjamin is at the _____ of moral development.
postconventional level
Kate, a school teacher, strongly believes that children never tell the truth if they are not afraid of the consequences of lying. In the context of Kohlberg's stages of moral development, Kate is at the _____ of moral development in this scenario.
postconventional level
Jason, a police officer, strongly believes in justice and does not accept bribes from others. According to Kohlberg's stages of moral development, Jason is operating at the _____.
postconventional level of moral development
According to psychologist Lawrence Kohlberg, people at the _____ of moral development make decisions that are based on selfish reasons.
preconventional level
Under the _____, an individual should never take any action that harms the least fortunate people in some way.
principle of distributive justice
When a scientific study on the harmful effects of a particular food preservative was published, Ultimo Foods, a popular potato chips producer, stopped using preservatives in its potato chips. This change significantly reduced the shelf life of the chips even though there were no customer complaints about Ultimo Foods' products. This is an example of a(n) _____.
proactive strategyreactive strategy
Andy works at a shoe manufacturing plant. He has a nine-hour daily shift in the factory. However, he only works for six hours and tells his supervisor that he has worked for nine hours. In the context of workplace deviance, this is an example of _____.
production deviance
Fred always takes two hours to complete a job that can be completed in one hour. He believes that taking more time to finish his work will impress his supervisors. In the context of workplace deviance, this is an example of _____.
production deviance
George takes two days to complete a task that can be completed in a day. He believes that taking more time to finish his work will impress his supervisors. In the context of workplace deviance, this is an example of _____.
production deviance
Joanna wanted a raise, but her manager was not ready to give her one. As a consequence to the manager's act, she decided to run a magnet through all the office computers and damaged them. In the context of workplace deviance, Joanna's actions are an example of _____.
property deviance
Johnny works at an automobile manufacturing plant. His supervisors have received several complaints about him being careless with the plant's equipment and causing machine breakdowns. In the context of workplace deviance, Johnny's actions are an example of _____.
property deviance
Nathan is a software engineer working for an information technology company. He has been selling the company's information and software designs to its competitors. In the context of workplace deviance, Nathan's actions are an example of _____.
property deviance
During a test, Zoe's teacher tells him and his classmates that if she catches them cheating, she would give them poor grades. Hence, Zoe refuses to cheat during the test though his classmates cheat when the teacher steps outside the room. In the context of Kohlberg's stages of moral development, Zoe is at the _____ of moral development in this scenario.
punishment and obedience stage
Wade, an avid reader, wants to read the latest book by his favorite author. The book is set to release next month, but he finds an illegal copy online. At first, he is tempted to download it, but later decides against it when his father informs him about those who were caught by the police for downloading the pirated version of the book. In the context of Kohlberg's stages of moral development, Wade is at the _____ of moral development in this scenario.
punishment and obedience stage
A(n) _____ is a social responsiveness strategy in which a company does less than society expects.
reactive strategy
Klumpro, a supplier of organic milk products, sells its products to Sweedinth, a dessert store and Klumpro's long-term customer, at discounted prices. Sweedinth, in turn, features Klumpro's products in its advertisements. In the context of the supplier component of a specific environment, this scenario best illustrates _____ between Klumpro and Sweedinth.
relationship behavior
Redd Publications Inc. has been buying ink cartridges and printing papers from Haven Corp. for several years. Both companies make an effort to keep their transactions fair and transparent. This has helped them maintain mutually beneficial business ties. It can be said that Redd Publications and Haven exhibit _____ toward each other.
relationship behavior
In the _____ of the postconventional level of moral development, you are careful not to violate the rights of others.
social contract stage
Coastwed is a company that sells traditional wedding accessories in the country Calpontus. Over the past 10 years, the company has been experiencing a gradual drop in its business because of fewer people opting for marriage. In the context of the general environment, this scenario best illustrates the effect of the _____ on organizations.
sociocultural component
Fabtabtix, a designer clothing brand, has been selling clothes in the country of Grolania for over 30 years. With more number of people becoming fashion-conscious, the sale of designer wear has increased. As a result, Fabtabtix's business has been rapidly growing over the past few years. In the context of the general environment, this scenario best illustrates the effect of the _____ on organizations.
sociocultural component
Tradcuisie Souvenirs is a company that manufactures souvenirs that represent the traditional arts of the country Yeingir. For the past few years, the business of Tradcuisie Souvenirs has been declining because of a shortage of artisans who have learned traditional crafts. In the context of the general environment, this scenario best illustrates the effect of the _____ on organizations.
sociocultural component
In the context of workplace deviance, unlike personal aggression, employee shrinkage:
solely affects the intangible assets of a company. - WRONG
Ecru Inc. is a company that regularly provides dairy products and meat to a fast-food chain. In this scenario, Ecru Inc. is a _____ of the fast-food chain.
supplier
An automobile manufacturing company has developed an electric car that uses sunlight to charge itself during movement. In the context of organizational environment, this new invention is a development in the _____ of the general environment.
technological component
When Zaprogs, a start-up, used the e-wallet system to develop an application for easy cashless transactions, a majority of people completely switched to online banking. As a result, a number of organizations that relied on hard cash transactions began to lose their business. In the context of the general environment, this scenario best illustrates the effect of the _____ on organizations.
technological component
When solar panels became popular in the market, Dabbanth, a company that manufactures and sells kitchenware, developed containers fitted with solar panels to keep the food in the containers heated for longer. Following this innovation, Dabbanth became a leading brand name. In the context of the general environment, this scenario best illustrates the effect of the _____ on organizations.
technological component
Secondary stakeholders are important to a company because:
they can affect public perceptions about socially responsible behavior.
Benjamin saw one of his colleagues stealing office supplies while all the other employees had gone for lunch. He immediately reported the incident to his supervisor. Benjamin's action is an example of _____.
whistle-blowing
The act of reporting others' ethics violations to management or legal authorities is known as _____.
whistle-blowing
Unlike the instrumental exchange stage of the preconventional level of moral development, in the punishment and obedience stage of the preconventional level of moral development, _____.
your primary concern will be to avoid trouble for yourself
