Phylum Porifera
Spongocytes
Produce thick skeletal spongin fibers
Lophocyte
Secrete & maintain collagen fibers
Synconoid
Sponge body form more complex than asconiod pattern; has incurrent canals and side passages lined with choanocytes; single osculum
Amoebocytes
amoeba-like cells found throughout the sponge; store, digest and transport food, excrete wastes, secrete skeleton and also may give rise to buds in asexual reproduction
Hermaphrodite
an animal that can produce both eggs and sperm
Porifera
aquatic invertebrate animals that comprises the sponges; "pore bearers"
Porocytes
cells which line the pores of the sponge; through which water is drawn
Sessile
describes an organism that remains attached to a surface for its entire life
Archeocytes
differentiate into any sponge cell; aide in digestion (phagocytosis) & internal transport
Oocyte
egg cell
budding
form of asexual reproduction in which a new, genetically-identical organism forms on the side of its parent
Calcarea
found in shallow coastal waters and all are marine
Hexactinellida
glass sponges; chiefly live in 500-1000 meter depth are syconoid sponges; all are marine
Sclerospongiae
have silicious spicules and spongin; also have an outer covering composed of calcium carbonate; are leuconoid sponges
Ostia
in-current pores that open into a central cavity called the spongocoel; it is lined with choanocytes or collar cells
Asymmetrical
irregular; lacking in symmetry or balance
Osculum
large hole at the top of the sponge through which water leaves the sponge
Filter feeder
organism that filters small particles from water to get its food
Pinacocytes
outer cells covering sponge; equivalent of epiderm
Internal fertilization
reproduction where eggs are fertilized inside the body
External fertilization
reproduction where the eggs are fertilized outside the body
Spicules
small, particles of silica or calcium carbonate that make up the skeleton of some sponges
Collar cells
specialized cell in sponges that uses a flagellum to move a steady current of water through the sponge, also called choanocytes
Spermocyte
sperm cell
Demospongiae
spicules are silicious if present otherwise skeleton is made of spongin or both; variously shaped some are huge; all are leuconoid; all but two families are marine- Spongillidae and Metaniidae- are freshwater with about 300 freshwater species; in North America are about 27 species in 11 genera (most belong to Spongillidae); this is the group from which we get our commercial sponges
Leuconoid
sponge body form with many chambers lined with choanocytes and connected via passive canals
gemmules
sponge cells protected by spicules that will survive and grow again when conditions are favorable.
Scleroblast
sponge cells that produce spicules
Spongocoel
the large, central cavity of sponges. Water enters through hundreds of tiny pores (Ostia) and exits through the larger opening (osculum).
Spongin
the network of protein fibers making up the simple skeleton of some sponges
Asconoid
the simplest of three sponge forms. these sponges are vaselike, with choanocytes directly lining the spongocoel
Pore cells
tubular cells that allow water to flow from the outside of the sponge to its central cavity
In-current canal
where water moves into the sponge
Ex-current canal
where water moves out of the sponge
