Unit 8 psych

Chris has always been rebellious and self-centered. His high school English teacher has always accepted and respected him and has never criticized or acted judgmentally toward Chris's behaviors. The attitude that Chris's teacher is showing him supports the therapeutic approach of which of the following individuals?

Carl Rogers

During her psychotherapy sessions, Justire finds that her therapist often paraphrases what she has said, asks for clarification, and seems to understand her feelings. The therapist's approach is most consistent with that of

Carl Rogers

Charlene is experiencing problems that are most consistent with bipolar disorder. Which of the following scenarios most likely represents Charlene's situation?

For the last two weeks, Charlene has been unable to go to work because she has no energy or interest in anything, and she feels that life may not be worth living. Three weeks ago, however, she was optimistic and wildly euphoric and working 18 hours a day voluntarily.

Anthony thinks he will fail his math test because he believes he is terrible at math, even though he has passed his previous math tests. Which of the following explanations would the cognitive approach use to explain Anthony's behavior?

His irrational thoughts are causing him to doubt his abilities, even though he has evidence to show otherwise.

Felicia is experiencing depression. During treatment, her psychologist works to develop a therapeutic relationship with Felicia so that Felicia can explore her potential as a person. What type of treatment protocol is the psychologist using?

Humanistic

Dalton developed a phobia of dogs after watching his older cousin act fearfully when he interacted with dogs in their neighborhood. Which of the following best explains why Dalton developed his phobia of dogs?

Social learning theory, because Dalton learned from observing his cousin's behavior toward dogs.

According to the diathesis-stress model of schizophrenia, which of the following is true of a person with a genetic predisposition for developing schizophrenia?

The person has an increased likelihood of developing the disorder during a period of major life changes.

Dr. Obetz is conducting an experimental study on the effectiveness of antianxiety medication. Which of the following will most likely be her independent variable?

Type of medication, because she will randomly divide participants into groups and give the groups different types of medication.

Rational-emotive behavior therapy assumes that abnormal functioning results from which of the following?

Unreasonable beliefs or assumptions

Which of the following illustrates an application of behavioral principles in the treatment of an anxiety disorder?

Using systematic desensitization to treat a specific phobia

Which of the following statements best illustrates a social-cognitive explanation for the development of depression?

Yolanda ruminates about her failures, so she is more likely to develop depression.

According to Carl Rogers, the role of the therapist in person-centered psychotherapy is to

accept the client unconditionally so that the client's own desire for mental health and positive growth will flourish

Robert has a persistent fear of having a heart attack in public that has resulted in his not wanting to leave his house. Therefore, he severely limits the time he spends out in public. Robert's condition is most similar to which of the following disorders?

agoraphobia

Which of the following is the most effective treatment for individuals with schizophrenia?

antipsychotic medications

Steve was recently arrested for credit card fraud. He has a history of breaking the law and getting into fights with others. He frequently lies and has conned his family out of money on several occasions. When confronted about his behavior, he does not express any remorse for those he has harmed. Which of the following disorders most closely matches Steve's behaviors?

antisocial personality

Petunia experiences distress every time she leaves her house and goes out into a crowd. The most likely diagnosis for her would be which of the following types of disorders?

anxiety

Albert Ellis view of psychological problems was that they

are due to irrational thinking

Jim decides to seek treatment for his alcoholism that involves taking a medication that causes nausea when paired with alcohol. What type of treatment has Jim chosen?

behavioral

Many people who have been diagnosed with major depressive disorder find their symptoms are reduced when they take a medication that alters their serotonin or norepinephrine levels. Their outcome supports which of the following approaches to depression?

biological

Dr. Zoey believes that major depressive disorder is caused by neurotransmitter abnormalities and is most effectively treated with medication. Which of the following is a treatment approach that Dr. Zoey most likely supports?

biomedical

Electroconvulsive therapy has been most successful in the treatment of

clinical depression

A patient with symptoms of depression is working with a psychologist and reports that he has no meaningful relationships and no skills that allow him to make friends. The psychologist determines that the patient's beliefs and lack of interpersonal skills are the primary contributors to his depression. Which of the following treatments is the psychologist most likely to use?

cognitive behavioral therapy

Which of the following is considered a positive symptom of schizophrenia?

delusions

Mary rarely expresses her opinions, needs; or desires. Whenever anyone asks for her opinion, she simply defers to the wishes of others. Which of the following personality disorders is most representative of Mary's behavior?

dependent

medication that primarily enhances the activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain would likely be used for the treatment which disorder?

generalized anxiety

Connie always womes that something terble is about to happen even when her environment is secure. She constantly fidgets and never feels relared. Connie is most likely to be diagnosed with

generalized anxiety disordered

A goal of cognitive therapists is to help their clients

modify the irrational interpretations of their experiences

In psychoanalysis, transference refers to the

patient's projection onto the therapist of feelings associated with significant figures in the patient's past

The therapeutic technique that stresses that the patient should determine the course of therapy is known as

person-centered therapy

Using psychological techniques such as free association to explore a client's early relationships is characteristic of what type of treatment?

psychoanalysis

Annie experiences disorganized thinking and communicates with people who do not exist.

schizophrenia

The results depicted in the graph above support which of the following perspectives on the origins of abnormal behavior?

sociocultural

Ever since she was a child, Henrietta has had an intense fear of clowns, even though she has never been hurt by one. She runs screaming whenever she sees one. Henrietta most likely has what psychological disorder?

specific phobia

Karl goes to see Dr. Norton to help him overcome his fear of cats. Karl's fear began in childhood when he petted a cat and someone slammed a door. Every time Karl petted the cat, the door slammed. Now whenever Karl sees a cat, he becomes very anxious.

specific phobia

The original dopamine hypothesis refers to the view that schizophrenia is at least partially caused by

too much dopamine in the brain

Which of the following techniques will a person-centered therapist most likely use?

unconditional positive regard

Which therapeutic technique has its origins in the humanistic perspective?

unconditional positive regard