Adolescent Devel final

All of the following are individual risk factors for school violence, EXCEPT

Individual: - medical/physical condition - difficult temperament - impulsivity/hyperactivity - psychiatric conditions - history of aggression - substance abuse - attitudes/beliefs - narcissism

Which adolescent would be expected to have the greatest difficulty establishing a sense of identity?

Jerome, who has many alternatives available to him in many different arenas

Reports of psychological symptoms (i.e. depression, anxiety, etc.,) jump sharply for adolescents working more than __ hours a week

10

By 1925 the majority of American adolescents left school by the age of _ to become full-time workers

15

Between what ages do adolescents transition to adulthood?

18-21

The biological changes that take place during puberty can cause changes in adolescents' behavior in all of the following ways, except:

A) directly B) by affecting the adolescent's self-image C) by affecting the reactions of others to the adolescent D) All of these are ways in which biological changes occurring in puberty can cause changes in adolescents' behavior. (D)

According to the textbook, because _____ girls do not feel as _____ about their appearances as girls of other racial backgrounds, these individuals typically have _____ overall self-esteem.

African American, poorly, higher

"I don't really think of myself as Asian American, just as American." This is an example of what kind of ethnic identity orientation?

Assimilated

American girls are showing breast budding as early as 3 years old.

False

Which one of the following is a family risk factor for school violence

Family: - poor monitoring - exposure to violence - child abuse/neglect - parental substance abuse - ineffective parenting - marital conflict - poor attachment - antisocial parents

Students who have unusually high abilities in academics, art, or music are called

Gifted students

Which of the following statements about the timing and tempo of sexual maturation is true?

- genetic factors - environmental factors: physical activity (increaed body fat- earlier menarche, later in those who are thin/exercise too much), Nutrition (poor nutrition = later period, appalachia - poverty), Rearing environments (absent father, lot of stress slows down maturation)

'Generation Me' is the first generation raised to believe everyone should have high self-esteem

True

A person can achieve identity in one domain but still be searching in another domain.

True

African Americans typically have higher self-esteem.

True

Among American adolescents, one sign of being an adult is accepting responsibility for oneself

True

As many as 92% of young gay people have been verbally targeted, bullied, or abused.

True

At the end of the movie Arranged, both young women experience a resolution in terms of the identity development.

True

Ethnic identity is associated with positive outcomes in ethnic minority adolescents.

True

Gender has a substantial influence on job choice

True

In the documentary, "Inside the Teenage Brain," it seems that adolescent risk taking is quite normal

True

In the documentary, "Inside the Teenage Brain," researchers compared the adolescent brain to a tree and the growth of new branches

True

Friendships replace relationships with parents

True?

The erroneous belief that one's thoughts, feelings, and experiences are unique is called

a personal fable

Bruce, a 2nd-year college student, has switched majors three times. He is still undecided about what he wants to do with his life. Bruce is in:

a state of psychosocial moratorium.

Authoritative parenting promotes intellectual development and psychosocial maturity through all of the following, except

asserting parental authority by turning adolescents' personal decisions into moral issues

Tammy's father has absolute standards and expects Tammy to conform to them without exception. If she disobeys he generally punishes her, and sees no reason why he should explain his rules to Tammy. Instead, his response is, "I'm the father and I love you. I know what's best for you." Her father is best described as having what kind of parenting style?

authoritarian

Joshua's parents set rules for him, but he feels that when a rule seems unfair, he can discuss it with his parents and, even if they don't agree to change the rule, they at least listen to his opinions. Joshua's parents fit best into which of the following parenting styles?

authoritative

What provides the main social context in which adolescents interact with eachother?

clique

_____ are settings for intimate interactions and friendships, whereas _____ are based on reputation, rather than on actual social interaction

cliques

High demandingness is characterized by

compliance, authority of parents, high responsiveness

which of the following terms applies more to adolescent thought than to childhood ...

d. flexible, speculative, abstract

Which of the following is not thought to contribute to the onset of puberty?

development of primary sex characteristics

Parenting style in which parents are low in both demanding-ness and responsiveness and relatively uninvolved in their children's development

disengaged parents

Jamie discovered sex at an early age and smoked pot by 13 years old. Jamie likes going to parties and having sex most weekends and finds it hard to concentrate on homework. According to research, Jamie most closely fits the profile of a(n)

early-maturing male

Adolescents are more likely to talk to their parents about __ and __

education, future occupation

What are female friendships based on?

emotional sharing (face to face)

The _________ system produces, circulates, and regulates levels of hormones in the body

endocrine

Which of the following can delay the onset of puberty?

excessive thinness

DURING industrialization, adolescents worked in

factories

A benefit of racial socialization is that it leads to a stronger sense of ethnic identity.

false

Adolescents achieve or find their ethnic identity through exploration and commitment/resolution in the context of assimilation.

false

Adolescents that have one white parent and one parent of a minority group typically chose to identify with the white parent.

false

All school shooters were competitive shooters

false

Girls are twice as likely to have a learning disability compared to their male counterparts

false

In the movie Arranged Rochel experiences resolution with her identity while Nasira struggles.

false

Male relationships are more intimate than female relationships

false

School shooters are not the victims of bullying

false

Unemployed is defined as a person who is in school but has no job

false

Multiracial wasn't added to the census until 2010

false (2000)

African American and Asian American children fare better with authoritarian parents?

false (asian & latino)

Nationality is the common heritage (practices, values, and beliefs) that are passed on from generation to generation

false (that is ethnicity)

Some acts of school violence are serious while others are more minor

false- all are serious

Before industrialization, adolescent boys worked

farming/hunting

"My parents are Baptist, and thus I'm a Baptist; it's just the way I grew up" is an example of what identity status, according to Marcia?

foreclosure

Sixteen-year-old Mercedes believes that the death penalty is wrong because her parents, friends, and church say so. She has never really thought about the issue, but has accepted this view as her own. What is her identity status?

foreclosure

Mrs. Nichol is trying to explain to her son that everyone has bad hair days and it's not the end of the world. Little Jack refuses to leave the house because he knows the humiliation he will endure will go on for months. This shows an example of

imaginary audience

Teenagers often become self-conscious because they believe that people are talking about them. Which characteristic are they exhibiting?

imaginery audience

Engagement is the quality of being psychologically committed to __

learning

The connections or relationships (connections between schools and families) between settings is the

mesosystem

The ability to think about one's own thoughts is called

metacognition

Mixed-sex cliques start becoming more prevalent during

middle adolescence

When someone has constantly searched for ideas that they could consider their own, but haven't committed to yet, which status are they in?

moratorium

Aside from athletics, which types of extracurricular activities are second most popular among adolescents

music

The imaginary audience phenomenon is based on the lack of distinction between adolescents' thoughts about themselves and

other's thoughts about them

The patterns of practices that parents exhibit in relation to their children are

parenting styles

According to Sullivan, the need for intimacy develops during:

preadolescence

The goal of determining the exact increase in adolescent risk-taking caused by being raised in neighborhoods with high percentages of single-parent families and becoming a gang-member is most likely to be pursued by a

quantitative researcher

______________refers to physical characteristics such as skin tone and hair color.

race

What is ethnic identity?

refers to an individual's sense of belonging to an ethnic group; includes the degree to which children associate their thinking and beliefs to their ethnic group.

Overall, the greatest number of working high school students are employed in

retail & service

Adolescents feel more freedom when with friends than with family because

romantic relationships; acting crazy and goofy

What are male friendships based on?

shared activities (side by side)

Early maturing girls may be at greater risk for adjustment problems than other groups because they

short term: - more popular with males - more emotional problems & negative body image - more involved in delinquent behaviors, risk-taking, earlier sexual experiences, and drug use longer term: - better coping skills - negative attitude toward school/lower aspirations - higher rates of depression and eating disorders

With age, adolescents develop a more sophisticated theory of mind, which is the ability to:

the ability to attribute mental states to one's self and others, including beliefs, thoughts, and feelings

The growth of _____ during adolescence is directly related to an improved ability to think abstractly

the prefrontal cortex

Adolescents report using social media a lot for the all of the following reasons except

they use it to: - interact with people from different backgrounds and experiences - find different points of view - show their support for causes/issues - find trustworthy information

A red flag for a school shooting is persistent themes of violence in school work

true

Focus groups are an example of quantitative research

true

Girls like Instagram because it is visual and represents face-to-face friendships

true

In the movie Arranged, Rochel goes through a period of exploration.

true

International Labor Organization seeks to prevent children and adolescents from being exploited in the work place

true

Kids who participate in extra-curricular activities are more likely to have better grades and less likely to drop out

true

Male friendships prefer shared activities sort of sharing

true

Many school shooters participated in band, but researchers are not sure what to make of that

true

Parents are a "Secure base"

true

Peer pressure can be positive

true

School shooters often have an obsession with media violence

true

School shooters often to not participate in activities like varsity athletics and hunting because they require discipline.

true

There are physical effects of technology use that include lowered cardiovascular health and sleep disturbances.

true

Working during adolescence, on top of school, is a common part of the adolescent culture in the US

true

Your ethnicity, nationality, and race might be aspects of your identity.

true

Early-maturing boys are:

•Short term effects Positive self image More popular with peers More involved in delinquent behaviors, risk-taking, and drug use •Longer term effects More responsible , self-controlled, sociable More conforming, conventional and humorless More marital and career success Heavy drinking and higher alcohol use