NT Exam 2

Abba

"Father"

Evangelion

"Gospel"

Lex talionis

"Law of retaliation;" an eye for an eye

Magnificat

"Magnifies." Mary's hymn of praise

Nunc Dimittis

"Now dismiss." Simeon's praise of God

The two phrases that frequently modify 'the kingdom'.

"Of God" and "Of heaven"

Logia

"Oracles." Refers to the Gospel

Via Dolorosa

"The way of sorow." When Simon takes up Jesus's cross and a large group follows him, all being led by Jesus

Mammon

"Wealth." Your heart follows your wealth. Shouldn't stock up earthly wealth, but rather invest in heavenly wealth

Logos

"Word." Jesus is the Word of God who reveals truth

Kerygma

"proclamation" and "preaching." Summarizing the gospel in just a couple points.

Sitz im Liben

"situation in life." Christians invented stories to meet the needs that arose, which makes people learn more about the early church than Jesus in the Gospels

Agrapha

"unwritten." Sayings that differ from Jesus's sayings, but are quoted by early Christian authors.

Features of Mark's Gospel

-"Gospel of Action and Suffering" -Focuses on what Jesus did and not really what He said -Paratactic style: run-on sentences -Historic present tense -Focuses on Jesus's passion (last events of His life) -Disciple means suffering

Features of John's Gospel

-"The Spiritual Gospel" -Last written, most reflective -More interpretation than description -Uses simple Greek -Inclusion of Jewish feasts: wants audience to recognize Jesus as the fulfillment of all of these feasts -"I am" sayings -97% unique -No exorcisms -Focuses more on eternal life and not the kingdom of God -Cuts to the chase and says that Jesus is the Messiah

Imperative statements in the letters of Paul

-A command. Ethical/moral teaching. -"You should act a certain way" or "avoid a certain thing"

Hellenistic age

-An oral culture -Only the wealthy had books

Paul's education

-Born into a Pharisaic family -Emphasis on Torah law -Sent to Jerusalem: rabbi Gamaliel (grandson of Hillel) -Has a background that enables him to become one of the most significant theologians

The Gospels as a source for Jesus

-Center of Controversy -No books suffered as much when it came to interp. -Trying to "tame" Jesus: distort the Gospels

Philip and the Eunuch

-Common for men who have power to be groomed for these positions from a young age -Even though the eunuch is Jewish, he wouldn't have been allowed in the court of Israel because of his "condition" -Philip baptizes him

Samaritans

-Descendants of Israelites who remained in the land and intermarried -Seen as not fully Jewish

Jesus's reps of Grace

-Eats with sinners -Crucifixion -Contact with the unclean

Paul's organizational strategies

-Establishes house churches -Maintains communication with each of them

Jerusalem Leadership

-Jealous of Jesus: Jesus is adored by Jews and church leaders want His fame -Turns to anger and eventually murder -Threats -> beatings-> death -> Stephen

Significance of the blood and water that flowed from Jesus's side

-Jesus offers to give the living water of the Holy Spirit -The outflow of Jesus's blood makes him a Passover sacrifice

Paul's theological policies

-Jew first, Gentile second -To not build on the foundation of anyone else -To be all things to all people so that he might win some

Contents of Jesus's teaching

-Main topic is the kingdom of God -Reign of God -Bless and serve rather than dominate and control -Through Jesus, God's rule is now present -Grace and judgment go hand in hand

Features of Luke's Gospel

-Only NT Gentile author -Gives most attention to the Holy Spirit -Story of universal salvation: focuses on non-Jews and women -Apologetic reason: wants to set the record straight with the beginnings of the Christian movement

Features of Matthew's Gospel

-Provides royal genealogy of the line of David -"The Gospel of Teaching and Fulfillment" -Most Jewish Gospel

Paul's methods of communication

-Visit -Apostolic delegates (coworkers) -Letters

The Hallel

A hymn of Psalms 113-118 that brings the Passover to an end

The two meanings carried by the term "kingdom"

A sphere of rule The activity of ruling -Includes the delivering of its subjects from oppression and bringing blessing to them, as well as exercising authority

Place in Acts when Luke switches from "Saul" to "Paul"

Acts 13:9 switcharoo Acts 9:1-31 Saul's conversion

Jesus tradition

All Jesus said, all Jesus did, everything that happened to Jesus

Apostle

Being sent to act with the sender's own authority

Pentateuchal pattern

Embeds five major teaching blocks (Like the Gospel of Matthew)

Know what is meant by the command to take one's cross.

Exposing oneself to abuse by open discipleship

Redaction

Formal word for "editing"

Meaning of "fishers of human beings"

Having the disciples get people to repent, heal the sick, and cast out demons.

Paraclete

Holy Spirit

Ignation Way

I-90 of the 1st century world

Antithesis

Jesus contrasts his teachings with that of the OT, but not in a way that denies the OT, but in a way of escalating it. How thoughts and actions escalate to an even higher level. "The command to love your neighbor and hate your enemy escalates to a command to love your enemies and pray for your persecutors."

Messianic secret

Jesus wasn't vocal about him being the Messiah because people had preconceived ideas of who the Messiah should/would be

Judaizers

Jewish believers who believe that Gentile believers must "live like a Jew"

Acts vs. Luke

Luke: what Jesus began to do and teach Acts: what the ascended Jesus continues to do and teach through followers

Pentecost

Mark's anointing of the community of the disciples

Euthus

Mark's favorite adverb; Mechanism Mark uses to keep things moving

The Mark-Q documentary hypothesis.

Matthew and Luke based most of their narratives on Mark's writings. They drew from a lost document designated Q.

Why is Matt 11:25-27 considered the "Johannine thunderbolt?"

Matthew's expression sounds like John's statements concerning the relation of Jesus to God.

The Three Synoptic Gospels

Matthew, Mark, and Luke

The principle from the Mosaic law regarding sufficient testimony

Needs at least two witnesses

The mission of Jesus according to Mark's Gospel

Not to be served but to serve and give his life as a ransom

Significance of the Gospel of Thomas

Only gospel that doesn't have a "narrative thread" and Thomas didn't write it.

Meaning of the mystery of the Kingdom

Open secret that before God imposes His rule when Jesus comes back, Christians enjoy its future blessings in advance

Symbolic Actions as Messiah

Pointers to Messiahship: -Miracles and riding into Jerus. on donkey Pointers to restoring Israel: -Calling of 12 disciples -Simon to Peter ("rock"); new community on Peter Pointers of Judgment -Cursing of fig tree: Jesus disappointed in lack of "fruit" Israel (fig tree) has provided -Temple action: rebuking temple leaders

The Ascension

Presence of Jesus in his absence

Structure of John

Prologue: in the beginning was the Word Ch 1-12: public ministry and miracles Ch 13-17: private audience with disciples; prepares them for his departure (Upper Room Discourse) Ch 18-21: transforms Jesus's death into triumph

Purpose of the Beatitudes

Promise compensation at the Last Judgment for Christians who are mournful who long for divine vindication in the face of persecution

Q- Quelle (Source)

Refers to about 250 verses that Matthew and Luke have in common

Significance of the "we" sections of Acts

Shows the authorship of Luke and shows Luke's journey with Paul

Symbolic meaning of the sending of the seventy-two

Since ancient Jews counted the number of nations in the world at seventy-two, Jesus sent out seventy-two messengers ahead of him to symbolize the worldwide evangelistic mission of the church.

Reason for Jerusalem Council

So the Gentile Christians know they shouldn't eat leftover meat from sacrifices, not marry close relatives, not eat meat from a strangled animal, and not eat meat that still has an animal's blood so they can socialize with Jewish believers

Indicative statements in the letters of Paul

Statement of fact. Truths and realities

Peter's Vision

Taking the Gospel to the ends of the earth by expanding to the Gentile world. Everyone has an opportunity to be a Christian

Know the names of the women who appear in Jesus' genealogy

Tamar, Bathsheba, Rahab, Ruth, and Mary

Evangelists

The four authors who wrote down the narrative accounts of Jesus

Pauline cities

The major centers in the world of the time

Know the apologetic emphasis of Mark's Gospel

To counteract the shame of the manner of Jesus's death. Mark stresses Jesus's power to do miracles, to teach, to attract crowds.

Know the two reasons why Jesus spoke in parables

To obscure the truth judgmentally from outsiders who haven't responded in faith. b. To clarify the truth for insiders who have responded faithfully to his plain speech.

Messianic task

To restore Israel back into covenant with God and take God's salvation to the ends of the earth

Paul's mission strategy

Urban: target major cities -Important trade routes Port cities: wants to remain in continual communication

Know meaning of the sign of Jonah

When Jesus spent three days and three nights in a tomb just as Jonah spent the same amount of time in the belly of a whale. The limit of three implies the resurrection.

Meaning of calling Paul a "Task Theologian"

Writes theology to deal with specific issues in the church

Ethical monotheism

a belief in one God of love and righteousness who acts redemptively and judgmentally in history according to his relations with humans

Seven Last Words of Jesus

a. "Father, forgive them, for they do not know what they are doing" b. "I tell you truly, today you will be with me in paradise" c. "Woman, look—your son!... Look—your mother!" d. "I am thirsty" e. "My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?" f. "They are finished" g. "Father, into your hands I commit my spirit"

The various ways that "the Way" can be understood

a. First name used for Christianity b. Reference to the way of: -The Lord prepared by John the Baptist -The cross -Righteousness -Salvation

The Seven "I am" sayings of John's Gospel

a. I am the bread of life b. I am the light of the world c. I am the gate d. I am the good shepherd e. I am the resurrection and the life f. I am the way and the truth and the life g. I am the true vineyard

The Treasury

refers to a hall in the temple where such gifts are deposited in 13 receptacles shaped like trumpets

Areopagus

the city council that licenses teachers