Ap Human 3A Quiz (from Barron's 9th Edition)

Tradition

A cohesive collection of customs within a cultural group.

Language Family

A collection of many languages, all of which came from the same original tongue long ago, that have since evolved different characteristics.

Environmental Determinism

A doctrine that claims that cultural traits are formed and controlled by environmental conditions.

Polygot

A multilingual state.

Creole

A pigdin language that evolves to a point at which it becomes the primary language of the people who speak it

Language Groups

A set of languages with a relatively recent common origin and many similar characteristics

Lingua Franca

An extremely simple language that combines aspects of two or more other, more-complex languages usually used for quick and efficient communication.

Artifacts

Any item that represents a material aspect of culture

Romance Languages

Any of the languages derived from Latin, including Italian, Spanish, French, and Romanian

Isoglosses

Geographical boundary lines where different linguistic features meet.

Dialects

Geographically distinct versions of a single language that vary somewhat from the parent form.

Sino-Tibetan Family

Language area that spreads through most of Southeast Asia and China and is comprised of Chinese, Burmese, Tibetan, Japanese, and Korean.

Indo-European Family

Language family including the Germanic and Romance languages that is spoken by about 50% of the world's people.

Pigdin

Language that may develop when two groups of people with different languages meet

Cultural Extinction

Obliteration of an entire culture by war, disease, acculturation, or a combination of the three.

Toponyms

Place names given to certain features on the land, such as settlements, terrain features, and streams

Customs

Practices followed by the people of a particular cultural group.

Literacy

The ability to read and write

Acculturation

The adoption of cultural traits, such as language, by one group under the influence of another

Transculturation

The expansion of cultural traits through diffusion, adoption, and other related processes.

Cultural Complex

The group of traits that define a particular culture

Ecumene

The proportion of the earth inhabited by humans.

Cultural Traits

The specific customs that are part of the everyday life of a particular culture, such as language, religion, ethnicity, social institutions, and aspects of popular culture

Cultural Geography

The subfield of human geography that looks at how cultures vary over space

Language Extinction

This occurs when a language is no longer in use by any living people.

Syncretic

Traditions that borrow from both the past and present.