Hardy Weinberg and Genetic Drift, Bottleneck, Mechanisms of Evolution (Big Concept Map) Test Review

1. transfer of alleles or genes from one population to another. 2.Migration into or out of a population may be responsible for a marked change in allele frequencies

How does gene flow occur (2 things)?

1.directional 2.stabelezing 3.distrubutive 4.natural

What are the 4 types of natural selection and how do they occur?

1.Natural Selection, 2.Genetic Drift, 3.Mutations 4.gene Flow. 5.industrial melansim

What are the mechanisms of evolution (these are basically all violations of Hardy-Weinberg)-big concept map **5 things**

1.the founder effect 2.and genetic drift

What are the two types of genetic drift and explain them?

bottlenecks occur when a population's size is reduced for at least one generation

What is an example of a bottleneck?

is a mode of natural selection in which an extreme phenotype is favored over other phenotypes, causing the allele frequency to shift over time in the direction of that phenotype.

What is an example of directional selection?

also called diversifying selection, describes changes in population genetics in which extreme values for a trait are favored over intermediate values. In this case, the variance of the trait increases and the population is divided into two distinct groups.

What is an example of disruptive selection?

A founder effect occurs when a new colony is started by a few members of the original population.

What is an example of founder's effect?

The male peacock has a lot of showy feathers. ... The peacocks with the showier feathers are able to attract mates, so they are the ones that have offspring, and pass on the fancy-feather genes to the next generation.

What is an example of sexual selection?

is the opposite of disruptive selection. Instead of favoring individuals with extreme phenotypes, it favors the intermediate variants. It reduces phenotypic variation and maintains the status quo.

What is an example of stabilizing selection?

the prevalence of dark-colored varieties of animals in industrial areas where they are better camouflaged against predators than paler forms.

What is industrial melanism and what happens to the allele frequencies of the different moths?

Industrial melanism is an evolutionary effect prominent in several arthropods, where dark pigmentation (melanism) has evolved in an environment affected by industrial pollution, including sulphur dioxide gas and dark soot deposits.

What type of selection is industrial melanism an example of?

directional

What type of selection is this?

distruputive

What type of selection is this?

stablelizing

What type of selection is this?

What is the Hardy Weinberg Principle/Equilibrium?

When allele frequencies in populations are stable and unchanging (not evolving).