RN- acid-base terms
Partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) supplemental oxygen determining the effectiveness of oxygen therapy, which arterial blood gas value is most important
A client is receiving supplemental oxygen. When determining the effectiveness of oxygen therapy, which arterial blood gas value is most important? Partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) Explanation: The most significant and direct indicator of the effectiveness of oxygen therapy is the PaO2 value. Based on the PaO2 value, the nurse may adjust the type of oxygen delivery (cannula, Venturi mask, or mechanical ventilator), flow rate, and oxygen percentage. The other options reflect the client's ventilation status, not oxygenation. The pH, HCO3-, and PaCO2 (less)
pulmonary embolus has the following arterial blood gas (ABG) values: pH, 7.49; partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2), 60 mm Hg; partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2), 30 mm Hg; bicarbonate (HCO3-) 25 mEq/L. What should the nurse do first? Administer oxygen by nasal cannula as ordered.
A client with a pulmonary embolus has the following arterial blood gas (ABG) values: pH, 7.49; partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2), 60 mm Hg; partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2), 30 mm Hg; bicarbonate (HCO3-) 25 mEq/L. What should the nurse do first? Administer oxygen by nasal cannula as ordered. Explanation: When a pulmonary embolus places a client at risk for oxygen deprivation, the body compensates by hyperventilating. This causes respiratory alkalosis, as reflected in the client's ABG values. However, the most significant ABG value is the PaO2 value of 60 mm Hg, which indicates hypoxemia. To manage hypoxemia, the nurse should increase oxygenation by administering oxygen via nasal cannula as ordered. Instructing the client to breathe into a paper bag would cause depressed oxygenation when the client reinhaled carbon dioxide. Auscultating breath sounds or encouraging deep breathing and coughing wouldn't improve oxygenation.
chronic renal failure- metabolic acidosis no treatment
A client with chronic renal failure is experiencing metabolic acidosis. The client most likely requires: Correct response: no treatment Explanation: The metabolic acidosis of chronic renal failure usually produces no symptoms and requires no treatment.
fetal distress is indicated by a pH <7.2
A nurse is caring for a client in labor. Which assessment finding indicates fetal distress? You selected: Fetal blood pH less than 7.2 Correct Explanation: A fetal blood pH less than 7.2 is an indication of fetal hypoxia. During labor, a fetal pH range of 7.2 to 7.3 is considered normal. Fetal blood is sampled from the fetal scalp through a dilated cervix. Lack of meconium staining, early decelerations in fetal heart rate during contractions, and an increase in fetal heart rate with fetal scalp stimulation are all normal findings.
respiratory distress related to laryngeal obstruction- • Arterial blood gases reporting a PaCO2 of 48 and a PaO2 of 84 • Nasal flaring with abdominal retractions • Lung sounds of stridor • Increased respiratory effort
The nurse is caring for a client who is demonstrating signs of increased respiratory distress related to laryngeal obstruction. The nurse is calling the physician to report on the client's condition. What will the nurse report? Select all that apply. • Arterial blood gases reporting a PaCO2 of 48 and a PaO2 of 84 • Nasal flaring with abdominal retractions • Lung sounds of stridor • Increased respiratory effort Explanation: The nurse would be calling to report signs of respiratory distress. This includes nasal flaring with abdominal retractions, stridor and an increased respiratory effort. Also arterial blood gases with an elevated CO2 and lower oxygen level indicates respiratory compromise. An increased respiratory rate occurs in respiratory compromise. Administration of a corticosteroid decreases inflammation over a period of time.
during labor
a fetal pH range of 7.2 to 7.3 is considered normal
ABG values
pH- acid 7.35-7.45 alkaline PaCO2- alkaline 35- 45 acid PaO2- 80-100 HCO3- acid 22-26 alkaline