Business and Organizational Management

_____ involves employee responses to job demands that are novel, unusual, or unpredictable

adaptive task performance

Which of the following supply the primary means of transmitting an organization's culture to its workforce?

artifact

_____ represent the deepest and least observable part of a culture

basic underlying assumptions

________ are the take-for-granted beliefs and philosophies that are so ingrained that employees simply act on them rather than questioning the validity of their behavior in a given situation

basic underlying assumptions

_________ reflects where decisions are formally made in organizations

centralization

Formal events that are generally performed in front of an audience of organizational members are known as

ceremonies

Which element of the organization structure signifies formal authority relationships?

chain of command

_____ is defined as voluntary employee activities that may or may not be rewarded by that contribute to the organization by improving the overall quality of the setting in which work takes place.

citizenship behavior

Organizations with friendly employees who all think alike are ______ cultures

communal

manufacturing and medical companies have a tendency to create which of the following specific culture types?

creativities culture

MicroTrac allows its engineers to spend 20 percent of their working time pursuing projects that they are passionate about to encourage innovation at the organization. this describes which of the following specific cultures?

creativity

the shared social knowledge within an organization regarding the rules, norms, and values that shape the attitudes and behaviors of its employees refers to organizational _________

culture

A high level of _______ exists when employees definitely agree about the way things are supposed to happen within the organization and when their subsequent behaviors are consistent with those expectations.

culture strength

Organizations that have successfully created a __________ culture have been shown to change employee attitudes and behaviors toward customers

customer service culture

Walker International has recently published its vision statement. this is an example of:

espoused value

the three major components to any organizational culture are:

espoused value, basic underlying assumptions, observable artifacts

Which of the following are the beliefs, philosophies, and norms that a company explicitly states

espoused values

Which of the following refers to the degree to which rules and procedures are used to standardize behaviors and decisions in an organization?

formalization

At NoFills Crop, employees are distant and disconnected from one another. Based on this, the organization culture at NoFrills can be described as:

fragmented culture

which of the following is a necessary coordination mechanism that organizations rely on, to get a standardized product or deliver a standardized service?

high levels of formalization

Citizenship behaviors can be divided into two main categories:

interpersonal, organizational

The value of the set of employee behaviors that contribute, either positively or negatively, to organizational goal accomplishment is known as

job performance

_______ reflects the jargon, slang, and slogans used within the walls of an organization

language

the structure that organic organizations rely on

low levels of formalization

A ______ span of control creates a ________ organizational structure

narrow, tall

What is a disadvantage of a strong culture?

no expansion or challenge for a new way

the published mission statement at Dunlop Inc., is an example of

observable

The physical layout of work spaces, dress codes, and the level of technology used are all examples of _____ that are represented by the organization's culture.

observable artifacts

_______ are the manifestations of an organizational culture that everyone can see or talk about

observable artifacts

_________ organizations are flexible, adaptive, outward-focused organizations that thrive in dynamic environments

organic organizations

_________ represents every job in the organization and the formal reporting relationships between those jobs.

organizational chart

_________ formally dictates how jobs and tasks are divided and coordinated between individuals and groups within the company.

organizational structure

Span of control:

represents how many employees each manager in the organization has responsibility for

At Roice Technologies, the core design team of 10 employees has daily "stand-up" meetings. All the core design team members gather standing up for a rapid-fire update on the project. These stand-up meetings are representative of which of the following components of the organisation's culture?

rituals

The daily or weekly planned routines that occur in an organization are called

rituals

___ involves well-known responses to normal job demands that occur in a predictable way.

routine task performance

At Cool Clothes Inc, there is a total focus on providing care and satisfaction to each customer. In the major clients division, each manager is assigned three employees to supervise, whereas in the product assembly division, each manager supervises 15 employees. The major clients' division managers can be described as having ____________ as opposed to ____________ for the product assembly division managers.

simple structure, bureaucratic structure

________ consists of anecdotes, accounts, legends, and myths that are passed down from cohort to cohort within an organization

stories

Advantages of a strong culture

stronger environment, better customer service, allows employees to identify with the organization, makes merging with other companies easier, creates stability

Nike's "swoosh" is an example of a

symbol

Charles finds an advertisement for an accountant's position at a local office. The advertisement mentions preparing, examining, and analyzing accounting records for accuracy and completeness as job responsibilities of the accountant's position. These job descriptions typically refer to ______.

task performance

__________ includes employee behaviors that are directly involved int he transformation of organizational resources into the goods or services that the organization produces

task performance

the explicit obligations that an employee must fulfill to receive compensation and continued employment are referred to as ___________.

task performance

Some people react to bad rules or policies by constructively trying to change them, instead of passively complaining about them. this positive characteristic refers to:

voice

The more people under the control of one manager, the

wider the span of control

The degree to which tasks in an organization are divided into separate jobs refers to:

work specialization

_________ also referred to as a company's division of labor

work specialization