Biology Chapter 3 Study Guide

Which of the following is true of both DNA and some proteins

Must be kept separate from cytoplasm

cell membrane

Nucleus: nuclear envelope

A structure within a eukaryotic cell that carries out specific activities inside the cell is called a(n)

Organelle

The diffusion of water into or out of a cell is called

Osmosis

The sodium potassium pump

Is a carrier protein

To function most efficiently, a cell's size must be

Small

Which of the following is a form of active transport

Sodium potassium pump

Which of the following statements about prokaryotes is correct

Their evolution preceded that of eukaryotes

Sugar molecules cross the cell membrane by

facilitated diffusion

Where are bound ribosomes located?

attached to membranes of another organelle

Cell membrane: cell

Door:house

The sodium-potassium pump usually pumps

potassium ions into the cell

Signal molecules bind to

receptor proteins

The organelle that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins is the

Golgi apparatus

Refer to the illustration above. The structure labeled A is composed of

Lipids

Which of the following descriptions of hormones is correct

Signal molecules distributed throughout the body

What kind of cytoskeleton fibers could help a cell change shape to fit into a space

Intermediate fibers

All of the following are found in both plant and animal cells, except

A cell wall

Refer to the illustration above. What happens when the structure labeled A binds to the structure labeled b

Information is sent into the cell

Which of the following is an example of a prokaryotic cell

Bacterium

How does water pass through the cell memebrane

Through channel proteins just for water

Refer to the illustration above. The structure labeled D is a(n)

Transport protein

Refer to the illustration above. The cell uses structure 3 to

Use energy from organic compounds to make ATP

Refer to the illustration above. Structure 3 is a(n)

Vesicle

Proteins and polysaccharides that are too large to move into a cell through diffusion or active transport move in by

Endocytosis

The organelle that moves proteins and other substances through the cell is the

Endoplasmic reticulum

Plant cells have a large membrane-bound space in which water, waste products, and nutrients are stored. This compartment is called the

Central vacuole

Proteins that serve as tunnels for specific substances through the lipid bilayer are

Channel proteins

Organelle associated with plant photosynthesis are the

Chloroplasts

The genetic material that provides instructions for making proteins is

DNA

As a result of diffusion, the concentration of many types of substances

Eventually becomes balanced on both sides of a membrane

Molecules that are too large to be moved across a cell membrane can be removed from the cell by

Exocytosis

Removing materials from a cell in vesicles is called

Exocytosis

As a cell size increases, the surface area to volume ratio

Decreases

Refer to the illustration above. The process shown is called

Diffusion

The dispersal of ink in a beaker of water is an example of

Diffusion

Which of the following does not require energy

Diffusion

Refer to the illustration above. The cell shown is probably an animal cell because it

Does not have a cell wall

How many potassium ions does the sodium potassium pump move into a cell if it moves six sodium ions out of the cell

Four

Diffusion is the movement of a substance

From an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration

When the volume of cell increases, its surface area

Increases at a slower rate

Which of the following led to the discovery of cells

Microscopes

A cell that requires a lot of energy might contain large numbers of

Mitochondria

Which of the following is part of the cell theory

Most cells arise from existing cells

Unlike passive transport, active transport

Moves substances down their concentration gradient

The double membrane surrounding the nucleus is called the

Nuclear envelope

Phospholipids are molecules that havr

One polar phosphate head and two polar fatty acid tails

What change takes place in the cell membrane if a signal molecule causes a transport protein to open

Permeability change

Which type of molecule forms the cell membrane

Phospholipid

Short, thick outgrowths that allow prokaryotes to attach to surfaces or each other are called

Pili

What do chloroplasts and mitochondria have in common

Production of atp

Microfilaments, microtubes, and intermediate fibers are three kinds of cytoskeleton

Protein fibers

Refer to the illustration above. The structure labeled B in the diagram is an example of a(n)

Receptor protein

Which of the following transmit information into a cell by binding to signal molecules

Receptor proteins

The interior of the lipid belayer of a cell membrane forms a non polar zone that

Repels ions and most polar molecules

In a cell, proteins are made on the

Ribosomes

Refer to the illustration above. The structure labeled 4 are

Ribosomes

Refer to the illustration above. Which structure provides vesicles filled with proteins

Structure 1

Refer to the illustration above. In eukaryotic cells, DNA is found in

Structure 2

Refer to the illustration above. Which structure immediately identifies this cell as a eukaryote

Structure 2

Refer to the illustration above. Which structure packages proteins for distribution

Structure 2

Refer to the illustration above. Which structure acts as a boundary between the outside environment and the inside of the cell

Structure 4

The size to which cells can grow is limited by their

Surface area to volume ratio

Surface area is an important factor in limiting cell growth because

The cell may become too large to take in enough food and to remove enough wastes

Refer to the illustration above. Structure 2 is

The nucleus

Which of the following statements about an isotonic solution and a cell is correct

The solution has the same solute concentration that the cytoplasm does

Which of the following statements about colonial organisms is correct

Their cell activities are integrated

Only eukaryotic cells have

membrane bound organelles

Sunlight:chloroplasts

organic compounds: mitochondria

Ions move through ion channels by

passive transport

Osmosis is a type of

passive transport

Which cells have a cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, and DNA?

All cells

Which of the following pairs contains unrelated items

Cell wall-animal cell

A cube with a side length of 6 mm has a surface area to volume ratio of

1:1

Refer to the illustration above. Structure 5 is

A golgi apparatus

One difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is that prokaryotes do not have

A nucleus

Which of the following shapes would allow a cell to have the greatest surface area to volume ratio

Broad to flat

Both active transport and facilitated diffusion involve

Carrier proteins

What level of organization is the small intestine

Cell

Refer to the illustration above. The structure labeled C is a(n)

Cell surface marker

Proteins in the cell membrane that identify the cell are called

Cell surface markers