The Sun
Albert Einstein
1n 1905, ____ ____ proposed that a small amount of matter yields a large amount of energy.
1905
1n what year did Albert Einstein propose that a small amount of matter yields a large amount of energy?
relativity
Einstein's proposal that a small amount of matter yields a large amount of energy was a part of his "theory of _____",
energy; mass; speed of light
In this equation, "E" represents ____ produced, "m" represents the ____, an "c" represents the _____ ____ ____,which is about 300,000 km/s
50,000
The chromosphere's temperature ranges from 6,000 to ____ degrees Celsius
center
The core is located at the ____ of the sun.
core; radiative; convective
The parts of the sun include the ____, the ______ zone, and the _____ zone.
ionized gas
The sun's core is made up entirely of _____ _____.
diameter
The sun's core makes up 25% of the sun's _____.
fusion; energy
The sun's energy comes from ____, and the energy lost during this becomes ____.
15,000,000 (15 million)
The temperature of the sun's core is about _______ degrees Celsius.
sunspots
_____ are cool areas of about 3,800 degrees Celsius
dark lines
______ ______ form in the spectra of stars
prominence
a loop of relatively cool, incandescent gas
hydrogen
about 75% of the sun's mass is _____
solar flare
an explosive release of energy that comes from the sun and that is associated with magnetic disturbances on the sun's surface.
ions
as the corona expands, electrons and electrically charged particles called ____ stream out into space
elements
astronomers can match the spectral lines of starlight to those of Earth's ______
spectrograph
device that scientists use to break up the sun's light into a spectrum
solar wind
electrically charged particles called ions make up _____ _____ which flows outward from the sun to the rest of the solar system
helium
hydrogen and ___ together make up about 99% of the sun's mass
inside
nuclear fusion occurs _____ the sun
three
nuclear fusion produces most of the sun's energy and consists of ____ steps
hydrogen atoms
nuclei of ________ _______ are the primary fuel for the sun's fusion
rotates
observations of sunspots have shown that the sun ______
helium nucleus
one of the final products of the fusion of hydrogen in the sun is always a _________ __________
violent
solar flares are the most ___ of all solar disturbances
shine; temperature
the energy released during the three steps of nuclear fusion causes the sun to ______ and gives the sun its high _______
eleven (11)
the numbers and positions of sunspots vary in a cycle that lasts about ___ years
corona
the outermost layer of the sun's atmosphere
granulation
the photosphere has a grainy appearance called ___
nuclear fusion
the process by which nuclei of small atoms combine to form a new, more massive nucleus
energy
the process of nuclear fusion releases ______
convective zone
the region of the sin's interior that is between the radiative zone and the photosphere and in which energy is carried upward by convection
atmosphere
the sun's _____ surrronds the convective zone of the sun's core.
chromosphere
the thin layer of the sun that is just above the photosphere and that glows a reddish color during eclipses
photosphere, chromosphere, corona
the three layers of the sun's atmpshere are ___, ___, and the ___
photosphere
the visible surface of the sun
